MENTORIA FGV - INGLÊS

33 Questões Comentadas
de Inglês FGV
Dicas de Estudo
1. Baixe o Plano de Estudo para o seu concurso no Curso Completo, e finalize todos os assuntos de
todas as disciplinas, conforme edital.
2. Resolva todas as questões de Inglês, na Mentoria e no Curso Completo.
3. Foco total nos Tratados de Enfermagem e do SUS, bem como nos livros básicos.
4. Resolva o maior número possível de questões de concursos anteriores na Mentoria.
5. Aumente o ritmo de estudo e conclua o maior número possível de assuntos antes do edital.
6. Procure um espaço confortável, silencioso, com boa iluminação e sem distrações.
7. Só comece a resolver as questões, depois de silenciar o celular, desligar a televisão e deixar os
problemas de lado. Respire fundo, e foque nos seus estudos. Sem concentração não tem
memorização!
8. Para manter a concentração, faça pequenas pausas de até 15 minutos a cada 50 minutos
estudados. Se funcionar para você, faça pausas de até 5 minutos a cada 25 minutos de estudo.
9. Resolva as questões antes da aula. Isso faz com que o seu cérebro trabalhe e busque os
conhecimentos já memorizados, facilitando o processo de aprendizagem. Na sequência, assista às
videoaulas, leia os comentários das questões nos livros, elabore os seus resumos e anotações.
10. Anote todas as dúvidas geradas ao longo da resolução das questões para serem sanadas durante
a aula de correção.
11. Assuma o papel de "professor", pois quando você estuda a matéria com o intuito de transmiti-la,
o nível de retenção do conteúdo é muito maior. Explique o assunto para você mesmo/a, grave
áudios, vale até mesmo treinar na frente do espelho.
12. Procure estudar todos os dias até a data da sua prova.

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Senado Federal/FGV/2012
Texto para as questões 1 a 10

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1 e) to throw up, to vomit.

(Senado Federal/FGV/2012) From paragraph 1
we understand that Constantine Michalos. 5
a) is the President of Greece. (Senado Federal/FGV/2012) The expression
b) is in charge of the fish market. wreak havoc (line 33) means.
c) is responsible for the stock market. a) to cast ashore.
d) runs the Athens Board of Trade. b) to reduce to a ruinous state by or as if by
e) forced Greece into exit from the euro. violence.
c) to bring about, or to cause a lot of trouble or
2 damage.
(Senado Federal/FGV/2012) In paragraph 1 (lines d) to break down or wear out a person, physically
2-4), we are told that “around the corner from or mentally.
where protesters were hurling chunks of marble e) an independent rock band from Chicago.
at riot police”. It would be correct to say that.
a) the protests in Athens were peaceful and non- 6
violent. (Senado Federal/FGV/2012) From paragraphs 6,
b) the protesters took advantage of the situation 7 and 8 we may conclude that.
to steal marble statues. a) François Fillon and Stéphane Deo,
c) Riot Police are police who are organized, wholeheartedly agree with Alexander Stubb.
deployed, trained or equipped to confront b) most Greek economists welcome an open
crowds, protests or riots. discussion on the subject of default.
d) the protesters made a circle and cornered the c) some quarters have voiced strong opposition
riot police. to Greece not paying its debts.
e) the president of the Chamber of Commerce d) Yannis Stournaras has been having nightmares
was safe, since his office was far away from the where banks are destroyed.
demonstrations. e) Greece’s creditors unanimously believe that a
default may be the best solution for the crisis.
3
(Senado Federal/FGV/2012) In paragraph 5 (lines 7
22-24), Alexander Stubb says that “Europe is (Senado Federal/FGV/2012) According to
prepared... I think we’ve taken the necessary paragraphs 9-12, we may conclude that.
measures.” The following utterances are a) the European Central Bank is prepared to loan
appropriate to such a situation, EXCEPT. money to Greek Banks, if Greece leaves the
a) I believe we’ve taken the necessary steps. eurozone.
b) I believe we’ve measured the problem. b) if Greece abandons the euro as its currency, it
c) I think we’ve done our homework. will have to go back to its old currency.
d) We did everything we could. c) this solution will only work if Germany is
e) We’ve taken the necessary actions. prepared to accept the Greek trains as guarantee
of payment.
4 d) Platon Monokroussos is a brain scientist
(Senado Federal/FGV/2012) The following working for the Eurobank.
definitions all apply to rebuke (line 28), EXCEPT. e) the drachma will have a far higher value than
a) to express sharp disapproval. the euro.
b) to speak in an angry and critical way to
someone. 8
c) to admonish. (Senado Federal/FGV/2012) In paragraph 11 (line
d) to remonstrate. 49), Frankfurt refers to.

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a) the President of the European Central Bank. d) a defective instrument or strategy.

b) a city in Germany, seat of the European Central e) a preset setting or value.
Bank.
c) Germany´s Prime Minister. 10
d) a city in Germany, seat of the German (Senado Federal/FGV/2012) On paragraphs 16
Government. and 17 the economic situation of Greece and
e) a German minister with the European Union. Argentina is compared. All statements below are
correct, EXCEPT.
9 a) both Argentina and Greece import more
(Senado Federal/FGV/2012) The word default products than they export.
can have other meanings in different contexts, as b) Greek citizens believe that Greece´s situation
shown below, EXCEPT. cannot be compared to Argentina´s situation.
a) the failure to satisfy the terms of a loan c) Greece could abandon the Euro and go back to
obligation or to pay back a loan. its old currency.
b) a Canadian post-grunge and alternative rock d) Greece differs from Argentina, since it imports
band. more products than it exports.
c) a non-monotonic logic proposed by Raymond e) Argentina is now in a better economical
Reiter. situation than it was ten years ago.

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Senado Federal/FGV/2012/Reaplicação

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1 c) admit quite a few new civil servants.

(Senado Federal/FGV/2012) The title implies that d) be prepared to justify their deeds.
the aim of this text is to make public e) implement a new economic system.
administration
a) more representative. 6
b) less expensive. (Senado Federal/FGV/2012) The word that has
c) more successful. the same meaning as “fostering” in “fostering
d) less authoritarian. these developments” (line 35) is
e) more bureaucratic. a) promoting. d) awaiting.
b) evaluating. e) witnessing.
2 c) arresting.
(Senado Federal/FGV/2012) The
recommendation of this text is that governments 7
should shift their focus from (Senado Federal/FGV/2012) In the fifth
a) reform to stability. paragraph, it becomes clear that
b) efficiency to stagnation. a) a good public sector will ensure democracy.
c) higher to lower taxation. b) research will definitely guarantee success.
d) spending to accomplishments. c) governments are ready to carry out reform.
e) nationalization to privatization. d) all the problems have been dealt with.
e) there are still some issues at stake.
3
(Senado Federal/FGV/2012) In the first 8
paragraph we learn that the governments in (Senado Federal/FGV/2012) The fact that “OECD
some countries have countries are at diferente stages in this process”
a) been urged to revise some of their actions. (lines 54 and 55) is a matter of
b) privatized aspects of their public sector. a) weight. d) location.
c) implemented a totally different system. b) timing. e) size.
d) been minding the more strategic sections. c) control.
e) insisted on raising the standard of living.
9
4 (Senado Federal/FGV/2012) However in
(Senado Federal/FGV/2012) The underlined “However, OECD countries are at different
word in “Governments have always been keen to stages” (lines 54 and 55) has the same meaning
achieve results” (lines 1 and 2) can be replaced as
by a) Moreover. d) As.
a) fierce. d) curious. b) Indeed. e) But.
b) reluctant. e) eager. c) So.
c) diffident.
10
5 (Senado Federal/FGV/2012) In the note at the
(Senado Federal/FGV/2012) When the text end of the text, we learn that the OECD as an
informs that governments have been focusing on organization is
“their accountability” (line 26), this means they a) very recent. d) rather competitive.
have had to b) too complex. e) somewhat outdated.
a) improve their accountants’ level of education. c) not actually new.
b) spend less money on technological support.

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EPE/FGV/2022

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1 already pushed global average temperatures

(EPE/FGV/2022) The main aim of Text I is to 1.1C higher since the pre-industrial age […]”
present
a) the effects of lockdown on renewable sources 4
in developing countries. (EPE/FGV/2022) The sentence “Covid-induced
b) software that can map energy consumption in recession is putting major strains on parts of
various situations. today’s energy system” (2nd paragraph) suggests
c) a thorough review of the latest trends in that the recession has
renewable sources of energy. a) imposed further burden.
d) a critical assessment of current energy system b) brought about a renewal.
from a global perspective. c) resulted in an upgrading.
e) a comparison between the different sources of d) avoided some disruption.
energy used worldwide. e) prevented needless stress.

2 4
(EPE/FGV/2022) Based on the information (EPE/FGV/2022) The sentence “Covid-induced
provided in the first paragraph, mark the recession is putting major strains on parts of
statements below as true (T) or false (F). today’s energy system” (2nd paragraph) suggests
( ) The current pandemic has hindered the that the recession has
development of renewable energy. a) imposed further burden.
( ) Solar PV technology will be a financial nuisance b) brought about a renewal.
to most markets. c) resulted in an upgrading.
( ) Energy economy is an issue that goes beyond d) avoided some disruption.
national borders. e) prevented needless stress.
The statements are, respectively,
a) T - T - F. 5
b) T- F - T. (EPE/FGV/2022) The underlined passage in “For
c) F - F - T. all the advances being made by renewables and
d) F - T - F. electric mobility, 2021 is seeing a large rebound
e) F - T - T. in coal and oil use” implies that the use of coal
and oil is
3 a) running into trouble.
(EPE/FGV/2022) The extract that states that the b) picking up again.
transformation discussed in the text has met c) coming to a halt.
some resistance is: d) being replaced.
a) “The energy sector has to be at the heart of e) slowing down.
the solution to climate change.”
b) “The new energy economy will be more 6
electrified, efficient, interconnected and clean.” (EPE/FGV/2022) When the text informs that
c) “[…] modern energy is inseparable from the “Public spending on sustainable energy in
livelihoods and aspirations of a global population economic recovery packages has only mobilised
[…]” around one-third of the investment required to
d) “[…] every data point showing the speed of jolt the energy system onto a new set of rails”
change in energy can be countered by another (2nd paragraph), one may infer that the
showing the stubbornness of the status quo.” investment has been
e) “The energy sector is responsible for almost a) scanty.
three-quarters of the emissions that have b) lavish.

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c) suitable.
d) massive. 8
e) bountiful. (EPE/FGV/2022) “Even while” in “In 2020, even
while economies bent under the weight of Covid-
7 19 lockdowns” (opening sentence) indicates the
(EPE/FGV/2022) At the end, the author’s opinion text will show that two situations are
of the current energy system is a) confining.
a) quite hopeful. b) conclusive.
b) rather disquieting. c) convincing.
c) highly encouraging. d) conditional.
d) somewhat prejudiced. e) concomitant.
e) slightly complimentary.

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Rede Sarah/FGV/2007
Please read the text below and choose the most appropriate answer for questions 1 to 5
Ethics: Ethical Thoughtfulness and Nursing Competency

As a profession, nursing does not want to rely on self-reflection on competence as the sole method
to assure the public and ourselves that nurses are competent. Nor should we be satisfied that external
measures such as licensing laws, CE, or competency-based evaluations will provide the absolute assurance
of competency. Competency is a complex construct that requires numerous measures. To practice
competently requires us to comply with external competence measures and to reflect ethically about
competence. As professionals, nurses must individually and collectively raise questions related to
competency measurement.
The answers to these questions require thought, reflection and discussion. Processes that are
difficult under the best of circumstances may seem more elusive when health care restructuring,
reallocation of resources, shifting client populations, new ways of delivering health care, and new and
different technology are challenging us. It is, however, in times of turbulence when nurses need to
examine competence collectively and individually, or outside regulatory forces will step in and mandate
how competence will be measured.
Self-reflection is an initial, ongoing and integral step to assuring competence. Self reflection is
essential whether a novice, an expert, or a nurse somewhere in between on the continuum and whether
the nurse is speaking broadly of competency as " . . . the knowledge, skills, and values essential in carrying
out one's role . . ." or more narrowly defining it as the ability to do a given skill correctly (Oermann, 1998).
Reflection is directly tied to experience and job role and intimately influenced by one's spiritual,
physical, intellectual, and emotional well-being. Self-reflection on practice may take different forms, but
ultimately it is an active process.
The 1999 ANA House of Delegates, for example organized a forum to examine the issues dealing
with competency. The same documents that can assist you in identifying your competencies also can
provide you with insights and information about your competencies that you may have overlooked. For
example, the interpretative statements for the ANA code are a starting place for better understanding the
role of the individual nurse in self-regulatory behavior.
The following excerpts from the Code (1985) are pivotal to the issue of competence: The nurse
acts to safeguard the client and the public when health care and safety are affected by the incompetent,
unethical, or ilegal practice of any person. 2) The nurse assumes responsibility and accountability for
individual nursing judgements and actions. 3) The nurse maintains competence in nursing. 4) The nurse
exercises informed judgment and uses individual competence and qualifications as criteria in seeking
consultation, accepting responsibility and delegating nursing activities to two others.
Issues related to competence are not easily resolved but are nevertheless crucial to the trust that
has been placed in nursing by society. The accountability of the profession demands that nurses
individually and collectively: 1) identify competencies central to nursing; 2) participate in groups
influential to competency measurement; 3) be informed about competency issues; and 4) think
proactively and raise questions about competency whether it is broadly or narrowly defined. If you engage
in the preceding four activities, your ethical thoughtfulness will show.
Ludwick, Ruth (December 10, 1999). Ethical Thoughtfulness and Nursing Competency. Online Journal of Issues in Nursing Vol. 5 No. 1.

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1
(Rede SARAH/2007) The text states that self- 4
reflection is (Rede SARAH/2007) According to the text,
a) A nurse ́ s most important step towards competency:
establishing competency. a) Depends primarily on the professional’s
b) A first, continuous and essential step to adherence to the codes of nursing conduct.
ensuring competency. b) Is a fairly straight-forward rendering of one’s
c) The sole method of assuring everyone of a professional capabilities.
nurse ́ s competency. c) Can be wholly established using self-reflection
d) Best replaced by other methods of and external measures.
professional conduct. d) Can only be fully evaluated using a number of
measures that include self-reflection and
2 external assessment.
(Rede SARAH/2007) The authors advise that, in
times of turbulence, nurses: 5
a) Should help each other weather the rough (Rede SARAH/2007) Write T (true) or F (false) in
times. the parentheses, according to the text. Then
b) Must examine competence individually and choose the corresponding sequence below:
collectively. ( ) Responsibility for individual nursing judgments
c) Cover up fellow-nurses’ errors lest society lose should be borne collectively.
trust in the nursing profession. ( ) Emotional well-being influences reflection.
d) Cannot afford to loll in bouts of self-reflection. ( ) A nurse should not worry about identifying
competences that are central to nursing.
3 ( ) Nurses should think proactively within the
(Rede SARAH/2007) The term pivotal (line 28), as scope of nursing practice.
it is used in the text, means: a) F-T-T-F.
a) Rubbish. b) F-T-F-T.
b) Critical. c) T-T-F-T.
c) Participative. d) T-T-T-F.
d) Rotating.

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GABARITOS
Senado Federal/FGV/2012
1-D 3-B 5-C 7-B 9-D
2-C 4-E 6-C 8-A 10 - A

Senado Federal/FGV/2012/Reaplicação
1-C 3-A 5-D 7-E 9-E
2-D 4-E 6-A 8-B 10 - C

EPE/FGV/2022
1-D 3-D 5-B 7-B
2-C 4-A 6-A 8-E

Rede Sarah/FGV/2007
1-B 2-B 3-B 4-C 5-C

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