NOTICE

POINTS TO BE FOLLOWED WHILE WRITING NOTICES:

 Adhere to the specified word limit of 50 words.
 Name and place of the school, organization or office issuing the notice should be
mentioned at the top.
 Write the word NOTICE.
 Write the date of issuing the notice.
 Give an appropriate heading.
 Clearly mention the target group (for whom the notice is to be displayed).
 Purpose of the notice.
 Mention all the relevant details (date, venue, time).
 Mention whom to contact for extra information.
 Name and designation of the person issuing the notice.
 Put the notice in a box.

Format of a notice A NOTICE is always written in a box.

NAME OF THE INSTITUTION/ORGANIZATION/OFFICE, PLACE

NOTICE
13thApril, 2022 IN BLOCK LETTERS ONLY
NORMAL CASE FOR DATE
SUITABLE HEADING

Content: Target group-for whom the notice is. Date, time, venue and all important details and
any extra information needed. (Body of the Notice 50 words) Answer the questions -For whom,
what, when where when how, by whom + additional information.
Name
Designation

1. You are Rachit / Rachna, the Incharge of cultural club of New Public School, Delhi.
Draft a notice for your school notice, board inviting the students to participate in the
inter house dance competition which is going to be organised in your school.

NEW PUBLIC SCHOOL, DELHI

NOTICE
13th April, 2022

INTER HOUSE DANCE COMPETITION

All the students of our school are hereby informed that an inter house dance competition is
going to be organized in our school on 28th April, 2022at 10 A.M. in the school auditorium. The
winners will be selected for zonal level. Interested students may send in their names to the
undersigned for participation latest by 20th April, 2022.
Rachit / Rachna
(Incharge)
Cultural Club

3
 INVITATION
An invitation is sent to near and dear ones on the occasions such as marriage, births
celebrations, etc. It is formally extended to general masses for public events or
functions.

INVITATIONS AND REPLIES

INVITATIONS
 FORMAL
 CARD FORM
 LETTER FORM
 INFORMAL
 LETTER FORM
REPLIES
 FORMAL
 CARD FORM
 LETTER FORM
 INFORMAL
 LETTER FORM

Note: A reply can either be accepted or declined. When declining an invitation,

always give a reason for declining.

FORMAL INVITATION (There are two types of formal invitations)

 Printed invitation card inviting guests to be present on a particular occasion.
Such invitations do not include the name of the addressee.
 Handwritten letter addressed to a VIP invited to preside over a social, cultural
and educational function. In such invitations the name of addressee (VIP)
appears prominently.

POINTS TO REMEMBER
 To be written in third person
 No abbreviation to be used
 Simple present tense is used
 Each entry to be mentioned in a separate line e.g.,
(a) The name of the person(s) who is/are inviting
(b) Formal expressions like 'request the pleasure of your company'
(c) Time and date of event
(d) Purpose and occasion of invitation.
 For RSVP, address and telephone no. is given at which the invitee may contact for any
queries.
 Name of the Chief Guest, programme may be given.

FORMAT OF FORMAL INVITATION

 Name of the host issuing the invitation
 Standard expression for invitation (…. Cordially invite(s), request the pleasure of your
company, solicit your benign/gracious presence)
 Purpose of occasion (reason for invitation)
 Name of honouree (people for whom the event is organized like marriage/ birthday)
 Day, Date and time of the event
 Venue of the event (complete address)
 In case of VIP, name of chief guest /VIP
 RSVP (Respondez S’il Vous Plait –i.e. respond if it pleases you)
 Telephone or mobile number of the host
 Address of the host
 Special note if any. (e.g. Keep phone on silent mode / Please be seated by …)

6
EXAMPLES OF STANDARD EXPRESSIONS
 cordially request the pleasure of your company
 solicit your gracious presence
 request your benign presence
 invite you to join
 cordially invite you to
 request the pleasure of your company
 seek the pleasure of your company/ presence
 cordially request the honour of your presence

FORMAT OF FORMAL INVITATION / PRINTED CARD

Each of the following is written in a separate line
1. Name of host /hosts
2) Formal phrase of invitation/ standard expression
3. Purpose / Reason of invitation (wedding, birthday, inauguration, annual function)
4. Name of honouree (birthday person, groom, bride)
5. Day / date /time of function or event
6. Venue with complete address
7. Complimentary close
8. RSVP (Respond if it pleases you)
9. Address of host
10. Contact number

FORMAL INVITATION
1. Write a formal invitation for the marriage function of your daughter.

Mrs. and Mr. Madan Sharma

Solicit your gracious presence on the auspicious occasion
of the marriage of their grand daughter

SONALI
(Daughter of Mrs. Savita and Mr. Rahul Sharma)

With

SHRIDHAR
(Son of Mrs. Sushma and Kapil Sharma)
on
17th December, 2022
at
7.30 p.m.
at
Red Carpet, Party Lawn, Preet Vihar, Marg, Delhi-110031

R.S.V.P. With best compliments from

MadanSharma Vinod Sharma & All Relatives
B-36, Rajdhani Enclave
Vikas Marg, Delhi
Ph. : 9971620445

2. Your father, Mr. Raj Kumar Gupta, residing at K-18, 13thCross Malleswaram,
Bangalore wantsto celebrate the success of your brother Rohith’s clearing the IIT-
JEE Entrance Examination and securing admission in IIT Powai,Mumbai. He wants
you to draft a formal invitation for him on\his behalf. Draft the invitation for him in
not more than 50 words.

7
 Mrs. And Mr. Raj Kumar Gupta

Seek your auspicious presence

at the Grand Celebration Party
of their son Rohit’s successfully passing the
IIT-JEE ENTRANCE EXAMINATION

at 8.00 p.m. on 1st October, 2022

at

UTSAV BANQUET HALL

84-Dr. Raj Kumar, Road, Rajaji Nagar, Bangalore-55

RSVP With Best Compliments

Raj Kumar Guptafrom
K-18, 13th Cross Friends and Relatives
Malleswaram
9971000000

3. Draft an invitation on behalf of Mr. and Mrs. Thakur of 22A, Gali No - 8, Roshan
Vihar Tilak Nagar, New Delhi, which they may use to invite their friends and relatives
on the birth anniversary of their son Neelesh at their residence on 8th May, 2022.

Mrs. and Mr. Thakur

request the pleasure of your being presence

on the auspicious occasion of the
BIRTHDAY CELEBRATIONS

Of
their son

NEELESH THAKUR

at 08: 30 p.m.
On
08th May, 2022

at their residence
22A, Gali No - 8, Roshan Vihar
Tilak Nagar, New Delhi
R.S.V.P.
Mrs. and Mr. Thakur

4. On April 30, your school is conducting its annual sports day. You want Mr. M. S.
Dhoni, a noted Cricket Player to be the chief guest and give away the prizes to the
winners and of the school competitions. Write a formal invitation in about 50 words
requesting him to grace the occasion. You are Rahul, Sports Secretory, Royal Oak
International School, Gurugram, Haryana.

8
 The Principal, Staff and Students of
Laxmi Public School, Model Town, Delhi

request the pleasure of your company

On

ANNUAL DAY CELEBRATION

On
Sunday, 24th December, 2022
At
5.30 p.m.
In
the school auditorium

Honourable Education Minister has very kindly consented to be

the Chief Guest.

R.S.V.P.
Administrative Officer
9971620xxx
Special Instructions:
This card admits only two.
You are requested to be seated by 4.30 p.m.

Note : ENTRY FREE

7. Draft a formal invitation to be sent to your friends and relatives on the occasion of
the inaugural ceremony of your new showroom.

M/s Sharma Brothers

request your being presence

at the inaugural ceremony of their new showroom

BEAUTEX
(readymade garments)
On Sunday, 25th July, 2022 at 11:00 am
at
Shop No. 26, Janakpuri, New Delhi.

RSVP
Sharma Brothers
9971620445

8. The Ballooning Club of India, New Delhi, invites its members to visit international
Balloon Mela – 2022. Draft a formal invitation card giving necessary details.

10
 The Ballooning Club of India, New Delhi

request the pleasure of your company

on
the inaugural ceremony of

INDIAN INTERNATIONAL BALLOON MELA – 2022

On Sunday, 25th July, 2022 at 11:00 am

at
Pragati Maidan, New Delhi

Mr. Sourav Ganguali the Chairman of BCCI has kindly consented

to be the Chief Guest.

RSVP
(Secretary)
9971620445

9. You are Kamal / Komal the Principal of Sushil Public School, Model Town, Delhi.
Draft a formal invitation to be sent to the grand parents of the students on the
occasion of The Grand Parents Day. Invent other details yourself.

The Principal, Staff and Students of

Sushil Public School, Model Town, Delhi

request the pleasure of your company

On

THE GRAND PARENTS DAY

On
Sunday, 26th July, 2022
At
5.30 p.m.
In
the school auditorium

Honourable Education Minister has very kindly consented

to bethe Chief Guest.

RSVP
(Principal)
9971620445
Special Instructions:
This card admits only two.
You are requested to be seated by 4.30 p.m.

Note : ENTRY FREE

10. Sunrise Global School, Agra is going to organize a one-act play competition in the
school auditorium. You have decided to invite noted stage artist, Nalini to grace the
occasion. Draft a formal invitation for her in about 50 words. You are Karuna/Karan,
Cultural Secretary.
11
 The Principal, Staff and Students
Of
Sunrise Public School
take pleasure in inviting
noted stage artist

MS. NALINI

to grace the one-act play competition

in
the School Auditorium
on
Tuesday, 1st July, 2022
From 8:30 am to 11:00 am

Awaiting a favourable response from your end.

RSVP
Karuna, Cultural Secretary
9971000000

FORMAL INVITATION‐LETTER FORMAT

An invitation written formally in the letter format has the following characteristics:
 Meant for an individual (a formal letter of invitation)
 Include the name of the invitee
 These are to be written on run‐on lines. The sentence is not broken into different
words/phrases.
 Other details are similar to the mass‐scale invitations.

1. SAMPLE-FORMAL INVITATION-LETTER FORMAT

Kamala Nehru School
Cantonment
Bangalore

17th December, 2022

Mr. K. J. Singh
District Commissioner of Police
Police Lines
Bangalore

Subject: Invitation ‘Annual Day Function’

Sir

It gives us immense pleasure to inform you that we are celebrating our school’s Annual Day
function on 4th January, 2023 at 5.30 p.m. in the Activity Hall of the school. We shall consider
it a great honour if you could grace the occasion and preside over the function as the Chief
Guest and give away the prizes.
Yours faithfully
Principal

2. You are the Secretary of the Ritz Students’ Association, St. Peters School, Nainital.
The 20thAlumni Meet will be held on Sunday, the 28 th January, 2023 at 8.00 p.m. at
Plaza Hotel. Write invitation letter to all the old students of the school to attend the
meet.
12
Ritz Students’ Association
St. Peters School
Nainital

10th December, 2022

Dear Alumna/Alumnus,

The 20thAlumni Meet of St. Peters School, Nainital will be held on Sunday, 28th January, 2023
at 8 p.m. at ‘The Plaza Hotel’. Old students, along with their spouses will be our guests of
honour. Kindly assemble at 8.00 p.m. in the banquet hall for a get-together, dance and dinner
party.
Please confirm your seats by sending ₹ 700 to the undersigned.
Meenakshi
(Secretary)

INFORMAL INVITATIONS
Main Characteristics:
Informal invitations follow the pattern of ordinary personal letters. These letters are written to
relatives, friends and acquaintances.
 These letters are first/second person presentations.
 Personal feelings and emotions find an expression.
 The writer’s address is given in the usual place.
 The salutation is usually “Dear’ plus “Name’.
 The date of writing is given, but the year is generally omitted.
 The style and tone are relaxed and informal.
 Different tenses are used as the sense demands.
 The complimentary close is: Tours sincerely’.

1. Rohit has got success in CBSE-PMT and gotadmission in Shivaji Medical College,
Nagpur. He wants to celebrate it with his friend. Write an informal invitation giving
details of venue, time and date. Do not exceed 50 words.

33/427
Priya Vihar
New Delhi

15th December, 2022

Dear Varun

You will be glad to learn that I have secured 50thrank in the CBSE-PMT competition. I have got
admission in a prestigious institution ‘Shivaji Medical College, Nagpur’. I want to share a few
happy moments of my life with you at a dinner in the Hotel Kanishka at 9.00 p.m. on 25th
December, 2022. Please join the celebrations and merry-making.
Yours sincerely
Rohit

2. You are Leena Sen. The wedding of your elder sister Reena Sen is going to be held
on the 15th January, 2023 at Hotel Lake View, Udaipur. Write out an informal
invitation to your friend Veena requesting her to attend the function.

13
 4357
Vasant Kunj
Raj Nagar

10th December, 2022

Dear Veena

You will be pleased to know that the wedding of my elder sister Reena Sen is going to be held
on the 15th January, 2023 at Hotel Lake View, Udaipur. The whole family will move there in the
morning. I invite you to join us at lunch in the hotel on the 15th January, 2022. The wedding
ceremony will take place at 8: 00 pm in the evening. I hope you will join us on the auspicious
occasion.
Yours sincerely
Leena

3. You are Ankit Verma. Your friend from Malaysia is staying in the hostel. Invite him
to join Diwali celebrations with you at your residence.

315/2
Raja Gardens
New Delhi

25th October, 2022

Dear Konishk

You know that Diwali, the festival of lights, is approaching. It gives me great pleasure to invite
you for Diwali celebrations at my residence. We shall have great fun. Do join us for ‘Laxmi
Puja’ and Diwali celebrations.
Yours sincerely
Ankit Verma

WRITING REPLIES
(FORMAL AND INFORMAL)
OR
RESPONDING TO INVITATIONS
A formal reply is usually very short. It is brief and to the point. The quality of a good reply is
that it must always be pleasant. Even while declining the invitation or expressing inability to
attend one must be polite and courteous. Formal replies demand a formal tone and treatment.
There is no room for unnecessary details or superfluous matter in them.
An informal reply or private letter may, however, express personal feelings or desires in an
intimate style and informal tone.

Main characteristics:
Formal Replies
 Acknowledge the invitation.
 Express thanks in third person.
 When accepting, confirm date and time
 If declining, give reason, convey your best wishes
 Not to be signed at the end
 Give date and address at top left hand
 Do not exceed the word limit (usually 50 words).
FORMAL REPLY CARD - SENDER'S ADDRESS, DATE SALUTATION - BODY IN THIRD PERSON -BEST WISHES

FORMAL REPLY LETTER - SENDER'S ADDRESS, DATE, RECEIVER'S ADDRESS, SUBJECT, SALUTATION, BODY,
YOURS SINCERELY/ YOURS TRULY 14
 REPLY TO FORMAL AND INFORMAL INVITATION
REPLIES ACCEPTANCE / REFUSAL

Formal Acceptance:
1. You are Mr. Harsh Malhotra of 25, Rama Vihar, Gurugram. Draft a formal reply to
Mrs. & Mr. Chawla accepting the invitation to attend the birthday party of their son.
Invent other details yourself.

25, Rama Vihar

Gurugram

25th January, 2023

Dear Mr. Chawla

Mrs. and Mr. Harsh Malhotra thank Mrs. and Mr. Chawla for inviting them on the occasion of
15th Birthday of their son, Master Santosh Chawla on Monday, 30 th January, 2023 at Om
Sweets, Sec. 23, Gurugram at 8p.m., which they are delighted to accept. It's their great
pleasure to attend the ceremony. They wish the young boy many happy returns of the day.
Best Wishes
Harsh Malhotra

2. You are Vikram Gaur of House No 15, Jhankar Colony, Agra. Draft a formal reply
accepting an invitation to be present on the occasion of the wedding of Ankush S/o
Mr.& Mrs. Shankar of 24, Green Park Road, Kanpur.

House No 15
Jhankar Colony
Agra

10th January, 2023

Dear Mr. Shankar

Mr. and Mrs. Vikram Gaur thank Mr. And Mrs. Shankar for inviting them on the occasion of the
wedding of their son Ankush at 24, Green Park Road, Kanpur on 15 th January, 2023 and assure
them that they will be present on the occasion to wish the newlyweds a very happy married
life. They will reach Kanpur by the Agra Mail which leaves Agra at 8.00 a.m.
Best Wishes
Vikram Gaur

3. You are Mr. Ajay Kumar of 7 Park Avenue, Delhi. Draft a formal reply accepting an
invitation to attend a house warming party hosted by your colleagueMrs. and Mr.
Satish Sharma at 56, South Delhi Apartment Delhi.

7, Park Avenue
Delhi

9th January, 2023

Dear Mr. Satish Sharma

Mrs. and Mr. Ajay Gupta thanks Mrs. and Mr. Satish Sharma for their kind invitation on the
house warming party at 56, South Delhi Apartment, Delhi, on 17th January, 2023 at 11
a.m.,which they are delighted to accept. It's their great pleasure to attend the ceremony.
Best Wishes
Ajay Gupta

15
4. You have received an invitation to be the judge for a Cultural Literary Competition
in St. Mary’s School. Send a reply in not more than 50 words, confirming your
acceptance. You are Joe/Joyce.

St. Mary’s School,

Anna Nagar
Chennai

15thSeptember, 2022
RECEIVER'S ADDRESS AND SUBJECT ARE MISSING HERE.YOU
Sir/Madam HAVE TO ADD THEM HERE

I would like to express my gratitude for being invited to be the judge for a Cultural Literary
Competition to be conducted in your school. I confirm my acceptance and will make sure I
am present on the scheduled date and time.
Yours sincerely
Joe/Joyce

5. You are Akshya / Aakriti. You have been invited to participate in a seminar on
‘Fundamental Rights of Children’, organised by the Lions Club of your distinct.
Respond to the invitation by writing a letter to the Secretary of the club.

25, Aram Bagh

Road Meerut

5th May, 2022

The Secretary Lions Club

Meerut

Subject: Acceptance of Invitation

Sir

Thanks for your invitation for a seminar on ‘Fundamental Rights of Children’, and your concern
for the under-privileged children. I would like to utilise this opportunity to share my
experiences with other like-minded enthusiasts and experts. I hereby confirm my participation
in the seminar.
Yours sincerely
Akshya / Aakriti

Formal Refusal:
1. You are Mr. Ajay Kumar of 7 Park Avenue, Delhi. Draft a formal reply of refusal
expressing inability to attend a house warming party hosted by your colleagueMrs.
and Mr. Satish Sharma at 56, South Delhi Apartment, Delhi.

7, Park Avenue
Delhi

9th January, 2021

Mrs. and Mr. Ajay Gupta thanks Mrs. and Mr. Satish Sharma for their kind invitation on the
house warming party at 56, South Delhi Apartment, Delhi, on 17th January, 2023 at 11
a.m.,but regret their inability to accept the same due to urgent and unavoidable assignment
abroad.
Best Wishes
Ajay Gupta
16
2. You are the principal of a reputed school and you are invited for the inauguration
of a painting exhibition near your school. Send a reply in not more than 50 words,
expressing your inability to attend the exhibition. You are Ashwini/ Ashwin.

MGM Palace
JK Colony
Mumbai

15thSeptember, 2022
RECEIVER'S ADDRESS AND SUBJECT ARE MISSING HERE.YOU
HAVE TO ADD THEM HERE
Dear Sir/Madam

I would like to thank you for inviting me for the inauguration of the painting exhibition. But,
I regret my inability to attend the inauguration due to a prior commitment. I have to attend
a meeting of principals conducted by the DPS on the same day the inauguration is
scheduled. Please accept my best wishes for the conduct of a successful event and excuse
me for not being a part of it.
Yours sincerely
Ashwini/Ashwin
Principal

3. You are Vaibhav / Vaishali. You are invited to attend the wedding function of your
friend’s sister during theChristmas holidays. Respond to the invitation, regretting
your inability to attend it. (50 words)

101, Safdarjung Colony

New Delhi

4th January, 2022

Dear Sangita

Thank you for your cordial invitation on the occasion of your sister’s wedding. I, however,
regret that I will not able to be with you on the happy occasion, because we are leaving for
Mumbai for the Christmas holidays. Please excuse my absence. Do convey my best wishes
and regards to the couple.
Yours sincerely
Vaibhav / Vaishali

5. You are Akshya / Aakriti. You have been invited to participate in a seminar on
‘Fundamental Rights of Children’, organised by the Lions Club of your distinct.
Respond to the invitation by writing a letter to the Secretary of the club.

25, Aram Bagh

Road Meerut

5th May, 2022

The Secretary Lions Club

Meerut

Subject: Inability of Invitation

Sir

Thank you very much for inviting me to participate in a seminar on ‘Fundamental Rights of
Children’. I feel honoured and obliged. However, I shall not be able to accept your invitation

17
due to some previous commitments which keep me confined to my place on that day.
Thanking you once again for your kind invitation.
Yours sincerely
Akshay / Aakrit INFORMAL REPLY

Informal Replies SENDER'S ADDRESS

 Acknowledge the invitation in first person.
 Use second person for the sender of invitation. DATE
 Mention acceptance/regret.
 Specify the reason in case of refusal. SALUTATION
 Use warm and simple language.
 Do not exceed the word limit (usually 50 words). BODY

Informal Acceptance: YOURS TRULY/YOURS LOVINGLY

1. You are Manoj /Mini, living at 217 MIG Flats, Surya Vihar, New Delhi. You have
been invited to attend a birthday party of your closest friend. Respond to this
invitation.

217 MIG Flats

Surya Vihar
New Delhi

15th March, 2022

Dear Shuchi

I have received your invitation for your birthday party on 25 March, 2022 at 5 p.m. at Hotel
Janpath. I am extremely happy to know that all our old friends are likely to be there. I would
like to confirm my participation. Looking forward to the momentous occasion. With love.
Manoj/Mini

Informal Refusal:
1. You are Aakash/Varsha living at 205, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi. You have been
invited to attend the wedding of your friend’s sister during summer vacation.
Respond to the invitation, regretting your inability to attend it.

205, Vasant Kunj

New Delhi

4th December, 2022

Dear Neha

Thank you for your cordial invitation on the occasion of your sister’s wedding. I, however,
regret my inability to be with you on this happy occasion as we shall be leaving for Shimla for
summer holidays on 1st January, 2023. Please excuse my absence. Do convey my regards and
best wishes to the couple.
Yours sincerely
Varsha/Aakash

18
 LETTER WRITING (Formal)
LETTER TO THE EDITOR
Letter writing is an essential skill. It is still one of the most important and popular
means of communication.

Points to Remember:
 Grab the reader’s attention.
 Explain the matter in the first paragraph.
 Explain why the issue is important.
 Give evidence of your praise or criticism.
 State the writer’s opinion about what should be done.

Purpose of the letter:

 To express one’s opinion on a wide range of issues.
 To express and share one’s observations and views in a public forum.

Language of the letter:

 Formal language must be used.
 Repetition of ideas must be avoided.
 Sub paragraphs should be used in an organized way.
 Personal outlook must be included and biased language should be avoided.

Format of the letter:

1. Sender’s Address
 Sender’s address is preferred on the top left hand corner.

2. Date
 The date is preferred below the sender’s address and it should be alpha numeric.

3. Receiver’s Address
Receiver’s rank, Name of the firm/ department/ etc. is written on the left margin below the
date.

4. Salutation
 We must write ‘Sir/ Madam’ as greeting

5. Subject
 The subject should be as per the question. The first letter of each word should be
capital.

6. The Body / content

 First Para……………Introduction
 Second Para………….Causes/ Effects/ Problems…
 Suggestions/ Solution
 Third Para………… Concluding Para
 Complimentary Close…….Subscription
 Name

19
 SAMPLE FORMAT
C- 47
Rohini (Sender’s Address)
New Delhi

1stDecember, 2022 (Date)

The Editor (Receiver’s Rank)

The Times of India &
Karol Bagh Address
New Delhi

Sir/ Madam (Salutation)

Subject: As Per the Question (To be underlined)

Through the columns of your esteemed daily/ prestigious newspaper, I would like to draw the
attention of the concerned authorities /general public towards ____________________
____________ . (Introductory Para)

Causes/ effects/ Problems ___. (Main paragraph -2nd Para)

Suggestions/ Solutions _____________________________________________________ .

I hope that you will publish my letter in your esteemed daily and the concerned authorities
will take quick and speedy action. (3rd Para-concluding para)
Thanks
Yours truly/Yours sincerely/ Yours faithfully (Subscription)
XYZ

Beginning lines: Some samples.

Kindly allow me to use some space in your esteemed daily to draw the attention of the
concerned authorities toward ________________ .
OR
May I have the privilege of using a few lines of your esteemed newspaper regarding
________________ .
OR
Through the columns of your esteemed newspaper, I would like to draw the attention of the
concerned authorities towards ________________ .
OR
May I have the honour to use a little space of your esteemed newspaper to draw the kind
attention of the concerned authorities towards ________________ .

Ending Lines: Some samples.

Hope some effective measures will soon be adopted to improve the existing situation.
OR
Hope the concerned authorities will take notice and do something in this direction.
OR
I hope the concerned authorities and the general public will see the gravity of the matter and
some measures will be adopted to ___________

1. You are Keshav / Karuna, living at A- 32, MG Road, Bangalore. You are very much
concerned about the bad state of roads in the city. Write a letter to the editor of a
newspaper expressing your concern over the problems faced by the commuters and
giving suitable suggestions to solve the problem.

20
A-32
MG Road
Bangalore

15th November, 2022

The Editor
The Times of India
Indira Nagar
Bangalore

Sir / Madam

Subject: Bad State of Roads in Bangalore

Through the columns of your prestigious newspaper, I would like to draw the attention of the
concerned authorities towards the bad state of roads in Bangalore. I also want to throw light
on the problems and inconveniences faced by the people of Bangalore due to the deplorable
condition of roads in the city.

Bangalore is no more a pleasant city to live in now. Most of its roads are riddled with Potholes
and craters despite crores of rupees spent every year. The recent monsoons exposed all the
tall claims of authorities to provide trouble-free and convenient road drives on the roads of
Bangalore. Potholes and craters have added to the woes of thousands of commuters. The
students of the city are the worst sufferers. Bad state of roads in the city causes frequent
delays and traffic jams. Uneven surfaces, potholes and craters cause frequent road accidents.
Bad planning and compromises made in specifications result in substandard work. The absence
of shoulder-drains to carry rain water obviously damages the roads. More than anything else
the politician- contractor nexus has to be blamed for the pathetic condition of roads. The
situation is grave but not beyond redemption. It demands immediate attention and prompt and
effective measures. Only contractors of proven integrity and credentials should be shortlisted
for building roads. Proper planning or design and use of good material can help in keeping the
roads of the city in a good state.

I hope my letter will get due space in your esteemed newspaper and the concerned authorities
would take necessary and speedy action.
Thanks
Yours truly
Keshav/ Karuna
QUESTION BANK
1. You have realized the necessity of education and financial independence of women for their
family, society and in turn for the nation. Write a letter to the Editor, ‘The National Times’
highlighting your ideas on the importance of education of women leading to a better status for
them. You are Tarun/Taruna, B – 7/9, Mall Road, Delhi.

2. Lack of job opportunities in rural areas is forcing eople to migrate to cities. Every big city
thus has a number of slums in it. Life in these slums is miserable. Write a letter in 120 – 150
words to the editor of a national newspaper on how we can improve the living conditions in
these slums. You are Karan/Karuna, M114, Mall Road, Delhi.

3. You are Kamini/Kamal of 10, Civil Lines Extension, Chanakyapuri, Agra. The main road
leading to your locality has three open manholes causing frequent accidents at night, especially
during the rainy season. Write a letter to the Editor, The Times of India, drawing attention of
the Municipal Commissioner to this problem of the residents.

21
 JOB APPLICATION

After attaining a certain age and qualification, people begin writing applications for jobs. Most
of the applications are written in response to advertisements published in newspapers or those
of employment agencies. When you apply for a job, the letter consists of two parts-covering
letter and the bio-data or curriculum vitae. The following points are to be remembered while
preparing the covering letter.

Follow the format of a formal letter.

Your letter should be brief and to the point.
 Introduction - Mention the source from where you got the information about the
vacancy you are applying for and your wish to apply for the post.
 Body - Give a brief summary of your qualifications – academic and professional,
whichever applicable and experience, and how you feel that helps you to apply for the
post mentioned.
 Conclusion - Make a reference to CV, photograph and other details enclosed, and
express your wish to attend an interview.

Finish the covering letter on a promising and positive note.

 After signing off, give a short title “Enclosures‟ and list the following:
Bio-data
Copies of certificates
Passport size photograph

The CV should have the following details.

The Curriculum Vitae should present all your personal and professional details ina specific
format.
 The CV has four parts:
Personal information
Qualification - academic and professional.
Experience
References
Qualification should be written in a table with four columns:
Name of the exam, Name of the University, Year of passing and Percentage of marks
Qualification should be written from the current qualification to the first.
Experience should be written from the current to the first.
Referee’s full name, designation, postal address and telephone number should be written.

1. You recently came across the following job advertisement in The Times of India:
Sales Representatives
(Age less than 26 years)
Young and enthusiastic candidates. Dynamic, target-driven and with a flair for selling.
Should have good communication skills and pleasing personality. Apply within a week with
detailed Resume to India Phone 42, Outer Ring Road, Near Friends Colony New Delhi.

Respond to the above advertisement giving details of your profile. You are Keshav
Shukla / Aditi Shukla, living at House No. 142, Near Friends Colony, New Delhi.

22
 REPORT WRITING
What is a report?
A report is a factual description of an issue or a problem. A report is written for a clear purpose
and for a particular audience. Various forms of reports are: newspaper reports, inquiry reports,
progress or action taken report, a police report, a report of a meeting, etc., each having a
distinct character and format.

Generally, two types of reports are asked in the CBSE Class 12 English paper, namely,
newspaper report or a magazine report. Newspaper report is the one which is published in a
newspaper and magazine report is generally written for a school magazine.

A well written report will must possess the following traits:

 adherence to the specifications of report brief.
 analysis of relevant information.
 structuring material in a logical and coherent order.
 presentation in a consistent manner according to the instructions of the report brief.
 making appropriate conclusions that are supported by the evidence and analysis of the
report.
Now, it is very important to follow a proper format. Not to forget that format carries marks.

FORMAT OF A MAGAZINE REPORT

1. Heading: A descriptive title which is expressive of the contents of the report.

2. By line: Name of the person writing the report. It is generally given in the question.
Remember, you are not supposed to mention your personal details in your answer.
3. Opening paragraph (introduction): It may include the ‘5 Ws’ namely, WHAT, WHY,
WHEN and WHERE along with WHO was invited as the chief guest.
4. Account of the event in detail: The proper sequence of events that occurred along with
their description. It is the main paragraph and can be split into two short paragraphs if
required.
5. Conclusion: This will include the description of how the event ended. It may include quote
excerpts from the Chief Guest’s speech or how did the event wind up.

FORMAT OF A NEWSPAPER REPORT

1. Headline: A descriptive title which is expressive of the contents of the report.
2. By line: Name of the person writing the report along with the designation. It is generally
given in the question. Remember, you are not supposed to mention your personal details in
your answer.
3. Place and date of reporting: It is generally not mentioned in a magazine report
separately, but here, it is.
4. Opening paragraph: It includes expansion of the headline. It needs to be short as it is a
general overview of the report.
5. Account of the event in detail: It is generally written in two parts: First, complete
account of what happened in it’s chronological sequence (preferably) and second, the witness
remarks.
6. Concluding paragraph: This will include the action that has been taken so far or that will
be taken. It is the last paragraph.

Talking about marks, it comes as a 5 marks question. The breakup for which (as per
CBSE Marking scheme for 2022-23) is as follows:-Format (Heading and Reporter’s
name): 1 mark, Organization of ideas: 2 marks, Content: 1 mark, Spelling and grammar:1
mark

25
Tips to attempt a question on report writing format:
Here are a few valuable tips for you to attempt the class 12 English writing skills – report
writing question in a better way.
 Make sure you use language which is suitable for the audience you are addressing to.
Usage of complex vocabulary for addressing children is not advisable.
 Make sure you write in paragraphs.
 Practice previous year question papers.
 Read as many samples as you can. It will give you an idea as to how they are actually
written.
 Read the question at least twice and highlight the important information. It is very
important to understand the question and read between the lines. Albert Einstein once
said,

“If you can’t explain it simply, you didn’t understand it well enough.”

 Plan before you pen. Just make a list of all your important points on the rough sheet
(last sheet of your answer booklet) so that you do not forget relevant points while
writing. This also helps you in maintaining a sequence, which is very important.
 Presentation is very important.
 Make sure you double check for grammatical accuracy and spellings. They carry marks.
 Leave adequate number of lines between paragraphs to make it looks clean.
 Underlining the main points is very important. But it is advised to do it after finishing
your exam. Use a dark blue pen and scale for underlining.
 Make small sentences. It restricts the scope of grammatical inaccuracies.

1. Your school had recently arranged a musical night in the school auditorium. Write
a report in 100-120 words on this programme, for your school magazine. You are
Mahima/Mahesh, Cultural Secretary of Vasant Public School, Delhi. Invent the
details.

A MUSICAL NIGHT

By - Mahesh Gupta (Cultural Secretary)

Delhi; 6th November, 2022: To promote awareness towards cultural activities and to enhance
the talent of students, particularly in the field of music and dance, the management and staff
of Vasant Public School organised a musical night in the school auditorium on 4th November,
2022. Mr. Prabhu Shekhar, the D. M. of Delhi, inaugurated the programme as the chief guest.
Many other reputed people from various schools and institutions were also present. The
programme began with the invocation of Goddess Saraswati. After that many colourful
programmes were presented by the students. Natraj stuti and Dance Drama – Save the planet
– stole the show. Participants were very enthusiastic about the event. Many of them performed
quite well and received great applause from the audience. Parents of almost all the students
were also present. One girl, Aditi, of class XII won the heart of everyone present there by her
melodious song. One group of boys and girls performed the folk dance that represented the
cultural heritage of our state. In his address, Chief Guest appreciated the efforts made by
children and wished them all success. The event ended with the vote of thanks. It was a
fascinating show.

2. You are Sakshi/ Ajay of Jan Kalyan School, Delhi. Your school organised an inter-
school debate competition last month. Write a report of this event in 100-120 words
for your school magazine giving details like schedule, venue, topic, winners etc.

26
 INTER-SCHOOL DEBATE

By – Sakshi

Delhi; 15th September, 2022: An Inter School Debate was held at Jan Kalyan School, Delhi on
14thSeptember, 2022. It was a very successful event due to the enthusiastic participation by
the students. The topic chosen was interesting, ‘Nothing is Permanent Except Change’. The
judges were renowned personalities from education, media, and journalism. The debate
started sharp at 9 am in the school auditorium. Intelligent and lively expression of points and
counterpoints by the speakers charged the atmosphere. There was rebuttal from the audience
to test the speakers further. The judges had a tough job picking up the best from the best. The
announcement of results brought great cheers and some disappointments. After the debate the
guests were served refreshments. Thus our annual event came to a happy ending.

3. Literary Club of your College organized a panel discussion on Brain Drain for the
benefit of the senior school students. Write a report for your College magazine, about
the event.
BRAIN DRAIN

By - Rajesh V. Kumar

Patna; 30th August, 2022. “The Problem of Brain Drain could be tackled very easily with the
willing cooperation of students”. This was the finding of the students who listened to the panel
discussion at St. Patrick’s College Patna. Inaugurating the discussion, Dr. Charan T. Verma,
Dean of career studies M.G. University said the new Economic policy could provide avenues to
the unemployed youth of the country. 150 students from across the state were benefited out
of the Panel Discussion. Messrs. Mallikarjuna, Industrialist from Noida V. R. Shukla,
Psychologist Kiran and Professor S.V. University, were the members of the panel and the panel
discussion was followed by a Brain Storming session on “Issues before the Nation” moderated
by Sri. J. A. Balakumar, Professor, Delhi University. In the post-lunch session, the participants
had a group discussion on various issues related to Brain Drain.
Dr. Kamalakar, Bursar of the college, in close association with the college Literary Club had
made elaborate arrangements.

5. Write a news report on the inauguration of a science exhibition which was

attended by a VIP.
(Note: When a VIP attends the function, the function may become less important and
the VIP gets prominence in the report.)

“SCIENCE HOLDS INDIA’S FUTURE” – KALAM

By – Nadeem

Agarthala;28th August, 2022: It is science that holds the destiny of India’s future says Dr. A.P.
J. Abdul Kalam. Inaugurating a science exhibition in one of the schools here, Dr. Kalam said
that students will have to study science for its own sake and not for becoming a doctor or an
engineer. “The development of the country much depends on the Scientists who could help
solve problems faced by the nation in different fields” The dream of every citizen to see India
as a super power will soon be fulfilled if the students’ energy and enthusiasm are properly
channelized. The exhibition was organized under the aegis of Lions’ Club of Agarthala. Earlier
during the day, he visited an orphanage and spoke to the children for over an hour and
lunched with them

27
6. Write a news report on a road accident you witnessed.

24 KILLED IN ROAD ACCIDENT

By - Jaya Prakash

Agra;29th August, 2022: Twenty-four people including a woman and a two-month baby were
killed in a tragic road accident involving a truck and Tata Sumo at Najafgarh, a village 14 km
from here. The ill-fated Tata Sumo was carrying a marriage party from Delhi to Mathura. The
truck carrying industrial goods to Noida collided head-on with Tata Sumo killing twelve of them
on the spot. The injured were immediately rushed to Dr. RML Hospital where eight succumbed
to injuries. The Police have registered a case against the truck driver and they are on a man
hunt. Eye – witnesses commented that it seemed the negligence of the truck driver that
caused the accident. It was really a heart touching scene.

7. Maxim Gorky School, Delhi, celebrated ‘Nutrition Week’ from 1st September to 7th
September by arranging inter-school cookery contests, oratorical, painting and
poster competitions, besides talks by eminent nutritionists and medical
professionals. There was an overwhelming response from students and parents.
Prepare a report in 120-150 words to be published in your school magazine. You are
Arjun/Anita, School Pupil Leader.

NUTRITION WEEK

By : Anita (Pupil leader)

New Delhi; 8th September, 2022: The ever active Health Club of Maxim Gorky School, Delhi,
celebrated ‘Nutrition week’ starting from September 1 to September 7, 2022. Renowned
holistic health and fitness guru, Mr. Mickey Mehta graced the occasion with his presence as
Chief Guest on the inauguration day. He spoke about why exercise is important to stay fit.
Other eminent nutritionists who visited the school throughout the nutrition week also shared
ideas about choosing a healthy life style and food alternatives. Medical professionals were also
invited to the event, who conducted health check-ups for students, teachers and staff
members.
Throughout the week, the school witnessed a variety of cultural programmes, such as inter-
school cookery contest, oratorical, painting, poster making competition, etc. There was an
overwhelming response from students and parents who even invited their friends and family to
the event.
The celebration ended with distribution of prizes and certificates among winners of various
competitions, which took place during the ‘Nutrition Week’

8. A few teachers and students from the Edwin University had visited your school on
an exchange programme. You welcomed them grandly. Write a report in 120-150
words on the celebration. You are Brijesh/Benu.

AN ENLIGHTENING EXCHANGE PROGRAMME

By : Benu

Gurugram; 12th February, 2022: Four teachers and fourteen students of Edwin University,
London visited our school on a month long exchange programme, which commenced on
Monday, February 11, 2022. They were given a grand welcome by the Principal, teachers and
students of our school. The school was beautifully decorated and sported cheerful welcome
posters for the delegates everywhere.
The grand inaugural event began with the welcome speech by our school Principal followed by
a vote of thanks by the Head of the Department, Cultural Affairs, Edwin University. Their
speeches focussed on explaining the students about the importance and features of this
28
exchange programme. This was followed by a cultural programme that was presented by the
students of both schools. The highlight of the event was the folk dance presented by the
students of class-XII. The music and the beats of the song made the students of Edwin
University dance along. Later a group song by the student delegates of Edwin University, which
they performed in Hindi, came as a pleasant and enjoyable surprise. With exchange of new
learning and teaching methods, this exchange programme was truly a learning experience for
the visitors as well as the host school.

9. You are Mridul/Mridula, an HT correspondent. You witnessed a protest rally by a

youth organisation. Mentioning the purpose of rally, places covered and reaction of
public, write a report in 120-150 words for your newspaper.

PROTEST RALLY AGAINST RAMPANT CORRUPTION

By : Mridul Gupta (HT Reporter)

New Delhi; 24th May, 2022: Members of the Young Urban Volunteers Association (YUVA), a
youth organisation, held a protest rally on 23 May, 2022. Young boys and girls of YUVA
organised the rally to raise their voice against rampant corruption in the society. The four
hours long rally saw participants from various age groups who took to the road at 11:00 a.m.
sharp. The rally started from Connaught Circus and moved further to Janpath. From there the
rally group walked to various iconic places of capital city, singing patriotic songs and shouting
slogans on anti-corruption. The rally finally stopped at Qutub Minar where the youth
representatives of YUVA performed a street play on corruption and how to curb it. The attempt
to spread the message of protest against corruption proved quite successful with general public
joining in and vowing to fight against it.

10. Your school had recently arranged a musical night in the school auditorium. Write
a report in 120-150 words on this programme, for your school magazine. You are
Mahima/Mahesh, Cultural Secretary of Vasant Vihar Public School, Itarsi. Invent the
details.
A MUSICAL NIGHT

By : Mahesh Gupta(Cultural Secretary)

Itarsi;6thApril, 2022: To promote awareness towards cultural activities and to enhance the
talent of students, particularly in the field of music and dance, the management and staff of
Vasant Vihar Public School organised a musical night in the school auditorium on 4th April
2022.
Mr. Prabhu Shekhar, the D M of Itarsi, inaugurated the programme as the chief guest. Many
other reputed people from various schools and institutions were also present.
The programme began with the invocation of Goddess Saraswati. After that many colourful
programmes were presented by the students. Natraj stuti and Dance Drama – Save the planet
– stole the show. Participants were very enthusiastic about the event. Many of them performed
quite well and received great applause from the audience. Parents of almost all the students
were also present. One girl, Adhiti, of class XII won the heart of everyone present there by her
melodious song. One group of boys and girls performed the folk dance that represented the
cultural heritage of our state. In his address, Mr. chief guest appreciated the efforts made by
children and wished them all success. The event ended with the vote of thanks. It was a
fascinating show.

29
 ARTICLE WRITING
Students will be asked in the examination to write a descriptive or argumentative piece of
composition in about 150 – 200 words. The composition shall be in the nature of an article for
a newspaper or school magazine or in a speech on a given topic. The writing will be based on
the given visual or verbal input.

Input: can be in the form of broad hints, short outline or only a suggestive beginning. It can
also be in the form of a figure or diagram. The only purpose of giving input for a piece of
composition is to discourage the habit of cramming among students. They should be able to
form their own ideas on a given subject or situation and express them in a language of their
own.

Descriptive Writing: describes some object, place or person.

Argumentative Writing: aims at convincing the reader with the arguments in support of an
idea presented.

An article consists of:

1. Title: An eye-catching title which attracts the readers’ attention and suggests the theme of
the article.
2. Introduction: An introduction which clearly defines the topic to be covered and keeps the
reader’s attention.
3. Main Body: The main body of two to five paragraphs in which the topic is further developed
in detail.
4. Conclusion: summarizing the topic or a final opinion, recommendation or comment.

An article/ composition is usually in the form of a couple of paragraphs. It can be in a single

paragraph also. It relates to one topic, theme or subject. In order to write a good piece of
composition, students should keep in mind the following:

1. Think deeply on the given topic and study carefully the given visual / verbal input. Some
other ideas may come to your mind. Arrange all these ideas / points in the logical order you
want to develop for your article.
2. Now start writing and develop your points one by one into a single whole.
3. Your writing should be lucid (clearly expressed, easy to understand). Every sentence should
naturally rise from the previous one and flow into the next.
4. The first sentence should be the topic sentence. It should at once introduce the main idea of
your paragraph. Similarly, the last sentence should state the conclusion on the topic.
5. Divide your composition into suitable paragraphs.
6. The composition should be brief, meaningful and to the point. Don’t exceed the prescribed
word limit.
7. Complete sentences should be used and the vocabulary should be rich.
Colloquial* expressions and slangs* should be avoided.

*Slangs = very informal words and expressions that are more common in spoken language,
especially used by a particular group.
*Colloquial = Used in conversation but not in formal speech or writing.

30
1. You are Veer/Veena, a student of Class XII of SPS school, Maidan Garhi. While
watching many realities show on T.V. you felt that they are harmful for children.
Write an article in 150-200 words on “Negative impact of reality shows on children”.

Negative Impact of Reality Shows on Children

By : Veena

There has been a lot of discussion on the relative merits of reality shows. When it comes to
different people in society. There are a number of people who will argue that these shows are
very good for children and there are many reasons to prove their point of views. But I think
that these reality shows are not good for young minds and have a negative impact too. Firstly
they watch television in excess without breaking their concentration regularly. Secondly as
children they tend to ignore their other important activities such as reading, writing, social and
some type of thinking skills. Today children have no interest in reading story books, to solve
puzzles and other brain storming activities. They want to watch only and only television.
Consequently they have poor eyesight, bad posture and other physical disorder due to lack of
outdoor games.
There are many reality shows which are being telecast on the silver screen such as Dance
India Dance, Little Champs, Chhote Ustad, Boogy woogy, laughter Challenges. Talent Hunt etc.
These shows are being viewed by the children interestingly and they want to be the part of
such shows at the cost of their studies. I agree that these shows give a big platform to perform
and draw out the talents of young children. Undoubtedly they do that but what about their
childhood. They have to spend or live with the organisers for many months without family,
without love and care. They lose their innocence, their childhood and to act as per the orders
of the organisers just like the puppets. They perform under great stress and to the last extent
of their abilities and physical capabilities. They face a big challenge to prove their best to
compete with other participants. They face great stress and tension at the moment of Judges.
Remarks, public votes consequently their elimination. The children have become the earning
tools of their parents to earn name, fame and money. They act in place of learning. They are
involved in many shows, serials, modelling and advertisements. This is child exploitation and
should be censored to save their childhood. The innocent children do the stunts at home
inspired by the shows and untimely entangle with death. They also have deficit attention
disorders or behavioural problems.

2. You are Sona/Sandeep, a worker in an NGO. You feel that media which has
reached every part of the country can play an important role in spreading awareness
about rights and responsibilities in society. Write an article in about 150-200 words
on the subject.
The Role of Media in Spreading Awareness in Society

By : Sandeep

Media today encompasses Print Media such as newspaper, magazines, journals, periodicals etc.
Electronic Media: radio, television, telephone and the internet. Entertainment media: Films and
Music.
In the world of today, media has become almost as necessary as food, clothing and other
requirement. It is true that media is playing an outstanding role in strengthening the society,
it’s a mirror of the society. It is the duty of media to inform, educate and entertain the people
as it is the fourth pillar of our democratic country. They help us to know what’s going on
around the world. They put their lives in danger during attacks or a natural disaster, just to
inform us of situation. It is partly because of them that awareness is spreading in the society.
It is the media which shapes our lives i.e., we cannot think our morning without the

31
newspaper. It is just like morning tea without biscuit. Our lives would be incomplete without
the print and Electronic Media.
The role played by media in developing countries such as India, is key to realise the dream of
inclusive development. Awareness regarding immunization programmes institutional deliveries,
balanced diet, healthy lifestyle and family planning are spread through media to remote parts
of our country. Today All India Radio covers approx. 98% of the population of India, Farmers in
distant villages are able to find the true price of their produce through radio and telephone
services. Even the spread of Education through Distance learning has made the dream of
100% Literacy a reality in the years to come.
Media is the watch dog of the political democracy. If it plays its role honestly, it will be a great
force in building the nation but nowadays, media has become a commercialized sector eyeing
only for news that is hot and sells. Instead of giving important information and educative
programmes, all that one gets on television is sensational depiction of all new stories, their
only goal being gaining television rating points (TRPs).
Media is an integral part of our society, but that’s also a fact that it’s too much intervention in
everything is a matter of concern. People have to judge on their own by looking and listening
to different channels for the same news and then form a conclusion.

3. You are Mamta/Mohan, a student of Class XII of Sarvodaya School, Nangloi. You
feel that there is a wide gap between civic facilities in urban and rural India. All the
progress in the fields of technology and economy is used up in improving the life of
city dwellers, whereas rural people remain neglected. Write an article in about 150-
200 words on the topic “How to bring the light of modernity to rural India”.

How to bring the Light of Modernity to Rural Area

By : Mamta
India is still an agriculture based economy where by virtue of having 70% share of the
agriculture/the ways of the economic development pass through the streets of our villages. But
it would not be wrong to say that still these rural streets are without the lights of progress in
social and economical terms. The physical conditions of villages are very pathetic, roads are
still in deplorable condition. Most of the houses are still made up of mud and straw and even if
they are constructed in bricks, they are not plastered in cement. Electricity is still a day dream
for many of the villages, or those having electricity it is provided for few hours.
In Social terms also, many of the social evils are still in practice such as child marriage, Parda
system. Adult illiteracy is also widely found in these villages. Superstition is the byproduct of
many of the social evils and practices. These are the outcome of poor economic growth. All
types of unemployment is found here. Most of the villages are poverty stricken. They are not
aware of the modern gadgets. We are witnessing the tragic outcomes of this poor growth and
lack of substantial support system in wake of failing monsoon or some other natural calamity.
Our farmers are committing suicides and in some parts of the country their anger is being
expressed in terms of Maoist movements. The worst part of the story is that Governments
have since the time of Mughals reported to be means of crushing these movements with
Coercion. In words of Chetan Bhagat .We are trying to kill symptoms rather than going into the
roots of the disease. We are giving Crocin to the problem whereas it needs a strong antibiotic.
Apart from Govt. it is the duty of NGOs and all big industrialists to adopt these villages and to
make the life of village prosper and delightful. There must be a movement to set up
educational institution in rural areas as well as industries to provide employment and better life
prospects to rural people. Once they are educated and economically sustained, social evils
automatically will disappear and our villages will be enlightened with the ray of modernity.

4. Children living in cities are rarely seen playing outdoors in the neighbourhood.
Being busy with other attractions like the television and computer games, they miss
the joy of outdoor play. Write an article in 150 words for the magazine, ‘Kids Talk’
highlighting the need and value of outdoor games. You are Reemesh/Rimi.

32
 Value of Outdoor Games

By : Reemesh
“A sound mind dwells in a sound body”.

Games develop not only our composite personality but also teach variable traits of personality,
life, character and society which we become devoid of them at the television and computer
games. Participation in outdoor as well as indoor games contributes a lot in our health, hygiene
and physique. But the children living in cities rarely participate in outdoor games in the
neighbourhood like wrestling, hide-n-seek, tennis and football etc. They go on sitting before
the idiot box and fail to exchange their views and thoughts. All know that children are very
sensitive and tender. They are of impressionable nature and age. Whatever they watch on the
television, it gets imprinted in their minds. Adventures thrill them and sensational programmes
fire their imagination. They develop aggressive behaviour and turn violent, lethargy and lazy.
On the other hand outdoor games help in developing their physical and mental growth. They
learn cooperation, fellow feeling, sympathy, cultural exchange and other etiquettes in life. They
have resistance power and never get tired, troubled and give a chance to shine their hidden
talents, stress tension and trouble remain far away from them and their memory becomes
sharp and fine. They always have an attitude to learn more and more. They miss the pleasant
laugh which rejuvenates our blood system. Their muscles, limbs and other bodily parts remain
weak and feel the dearth of calcium. Their parts turn brittle and fail to contain strength. In the
best interest of our children schools and society should make enough provisions for playing the
outdoors compulsory.

5. Write an article on ‘Alarming Growth of Population’ in about 150 words for your
school magazine.
Alarming Growth of Population

By : Arun Govil

From a nation of 36 crore people in 1947, India has become a nation of 100 crore people. The
growth in population is phenomenal. We are the second most populous country in the world.
However, if the growth rate goes on unchecked, we shall overtake China in the next twenty
years. This population explosion is a severe drain on our natural resources and hampers all
development programmes. Unemployment has increased. Then there is the problem of feeding
the teeming millions as we go on adding an Australia to our population every year. Housing,
clothing, education and medical facilities are required in the same proportion. This makes our
plans an object of mockery. They fail to revive the economy as the target required keeps on
expanding. The only ray of hope lies in having a workable, foolproof and scientific campaign of
family planning. Vigorous drives must be launched to educate the masses on the dangers of
over-population. China, which has frozen its population growth by adopting one family-one
child programme, can be our model example. Strict laws should be enacted and enforced to
punish couples who produce more than two children. These measures include heavy taxes,
fines and debarring them from social benefits, getting government jobs or contesting elections.

6. You are Mrinal/Manisha. You are much concerned about the craze for
westernization among the youths of today. You are worried about the erosion of our
culture and values. Write an article on this issue highlighting the need to preserve
our age-old culture.

CRAZE FOR WESTERNIZATION AMONG THE YOUTHS

By : Mrinal

India is a very ancient nation and her cultural heritage has always remained precious. Being
the birth place of Rishis, Munis and Gods, people from foreign countries come here to get
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 lesson – 7
THE INTERVIEW
About the author

Christopher Silvester (1959) was a student of history at Peterhouse,

Cambridge. He was a reporter for Private Eye for ten years and has
written features for Vanity Fair. Following is an excerpt taken from his
introduction to the Penguin Book of Interviews, An Anthology from
1859 to the Present Day

INTRODUCTION
The Interview by Christopher Silvester is an excerpt taken from his Penguin Book of interviews.
In this, he talks about various opinions of the celebrities regarding an interview; its functions,
methods and merits. It also consists of an excerpt from an interview with the famous writer
Umberto Eco.

Celebrity Opinion about Interview

V.S . Naipaul: People are wounded by interviews and lose a part ofthemselves
Lewis Caroll : Horror of being lionised
Rudyard Kipling:
It is immoral, crime, an offence against a person, an assault, merits,
punishment, cowardly and vile
HG Wells : Ordeal
Saul Bellow : Thumbprints on his windpipe
Denis Brian : Our most vivid impressions of our contemporaries are formed through
interviews
Mukundn Padmanabhan: from The Hindu - interviews Umberto Eco.
Umberto Eco : Versatile genius- Professor at the University of Bologna,

GIST OF THE LESSON

Part – I
 Interview has become a commonplace of journalism. Opinions on thefunctions, methods
and merits of Interview vary considerably.
 Some claim it to be the highest form, a source of truth and in its practice, an art.
 Some despise the interview as an unwarranted intrusion into lives, which diminishes
their personality.
 S. Naipaul feels that ‘some people are wounded by interviews and lose a part of
themselves.’
 Lewis Carroll never consented to be interviewed for he believed it to be ‘a just horror of
the interviewer’. Rudyard Kipling considered it ‘immoral, a crime, an assault that merits
punishment’.
 H. G. Wells referred interviewing to be an ‘ordeal’,
 Saul Bellow describes it ‘like thumbprints on his windpipe’.
 Despite the drawbacks interview is a supremely serviceable medium of communication.
The most vivid impression of our contemporaries are the interviews
Part – II
 An extract from an interview of Umberto Eco interviewed by MukundPadmanabhan.
 Umberto Eco was a professor with a formidable reputation as a scholar for his ideas on
Semiotics, literary interpretation and medieval aesthetics before he turned into writing
literary fiction. He attained intellectual superstardom with his publication “The Name of
the Rose’.
 In the interview Eco shares his idea of empty spaces in our lives just as they exist in an
atom, which he calls ‘Interstices’. He says that hemakes use of these empty spaces to
work.

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  Eco’s essays were scholarly and narrative. He likes to be identified more as a university
professor who writes novels.
 Eco’s ‘The Name of the Rose”, a serious novel, which delves into metaphysics, theology
and medieval history, enjoyed a mass audience. It deals with medieval past. He feels
that the novel wouldn't have been so well received, had it been written ten years earlier
or later

BRIEF INTRODUCTION
‘The Interview’ written by Christopher Sylvester throws light on variousaspects of interview in
the field of journalism. Interview that was invented over 130 years, have become a
commonplace journalism. However, opinions of interview- of its functions, methods and merits
vary considerably. Part Il is an extract from an interview of Umberto Eco, author of the popular
novel,’Name of the Rose’ by MukundPadmanabhan from ‘The Hindu’. This interview helps us to
know many aspects of his writing style and ideas. Though he gives the impression of doing
many things at a time, he says, he is doing the same thing, pursuing his philosophical interests
through his writings and his novels. Through his modest answers, he tells the secret of his
success. He utilizes the ‘Interstices’ - empty spaces to his advantage.

THEME OF THE LESSON

The chapter is the reflection on the commendable and condemnatory aspects in interviews. A
part from being a record of varied views on this genre, the chapter contains also an excerpt
from an interview with a scholary celebrity.

MESSAGE OF THE LESSON

The chapter tells us that an interview can make a lasting impression. Moreover, as per an old
saying, when we make perceptions about a particular person, the original identity of their soul
is taken away. We learn how the most popular celebrities have criticized interviews.

Answer the following questions in 30 to 40 words.

1. What are some of the positive views on interviews?
Ans. Interview, in the 130 years of its existence, has become an inherent part of journalism.
It is a useful means of communication that is, at times, considered to be an art, serving as a
source of truth. Denis Brian has stated that in today’s world we get to know “our
contemporaries” through their interviews.

2. Why do most celebrity writers despise being interviewed?

Ans. Celebrity writers believe that interviews unduly interfere in their private lives. They regard
themselves as victims of interviews. They claim that the interview in some way ‘diminishes’
them, just like some ancient cultures believed that a portrait of a person takes away his soul.
Certain celebrities like V.S Naipaul have claimed that interviews leave them wounded, while
others like Rudyard Kipling have referred to it as a crime and an immoral act.

3. What is the belief in some primitive cultures about being photographed?

Ans. Some primitive cultures believed that getting oneself photographed would rob them of
their souls.

4. What do you understand by the expression “thumbprints on his windpipe”?

Ans. “Thumbprints on his windpipe” means to choke or suffocate somebody by applying
pressure on his throat. Saul Bellow uses this expression to refer to the pressure and discomfort
felt by a celebrity while giving an interview.

5. Who, in today’s world, is our chief source of information about personalities?

Ans. Interviews help us know our contemporaries and their opinions. They serve as a means of
communication between the celebrities and the audience. In this case, the interviewer is
endowed with a very special power and he becomes our chief source of information about
personalities.

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6. Do you think Umberto Eco likes being interviewed? Give reasons for your opinion.
Ans. Yes, Umberto Eco, in all possibilities likes being interviewed. He readily answers every
question asked by Mukund Padmanabhan in an energetic and lively manner. He does not seem
apprehensive about sharing his secrets, experiences and opinions with the interviewer, and
consequently, the world. There is no indication throughout the interview that he dislikes being
interviewed.

7. How does Eco find the time to write so much?

Ans. Whenever Eco has a few moments to spare in between two different tasks, instead of
wasting them, he uses the time to write. Eco explains that just like the universe has empty
spaces, our lives too, have a lot of empty spaces or ‘interstices’, as he calls them. He even
gives an example of his working technique. He says that while waiting for someone to come up
the elevator he keeps himself busy.

8. What was distinctive about Eco’s academic writing style?

Ans. Eco’s writing style is strikingly different from that of the standard academic mode. The
academicians first make a thorough research, then move on to prove their hypotheses, and
finally, give their conclusion on that subject. The final outcome, therefore, comes out as
tedious. Eco, on the other hand, tells the story of his research, including his “trials and errors”.
While the scholars usually use a very depersonalised and dull manner, Eco’s style is
personalised and playful, and in the form of a narrative.

Answer the following questions in 100 words.

1. Do you think Umberto Eco likes being interviewed?
Ans. Yes, I think Umberto Eco likes being interviewed. Following are the reasons for my
opinion:
(i) I infer from the way Umberto Eco replied the questions put by MukundPadmanabhan that
he likesbeinginterviewed.
(ii) Eco seems to be in a relaxed mood and at ease throughout the interaction.
(iii) Eco replies questions with patience. He never seems to be in a hurry.
(iv) He shows his sense of humour when he says while waiting for Mukund’s elevator to come
up from the first to the third floor, he has already written an article.
(v) His statement, “I am a professor who writes novels on Sunday’s shows that Eco likes being
interviewed.

2. How does Eco find the time to write so much?

Ans. Eco finds the time to write so much in the following way.
(i) Umberto Eco himself says that he is a professor who writes novels on Sunday. Thus he
utilises his holidays for writing work.
(ii) He also points out that he started writing novels by accident He had nothing to do one day
and so he started. Novels probably satisfied nothing to do one day and so he started. Novels
probably satisfied his taste for narration. He writes from his heart. Writing being his passion he
finds time anyhow or other to satisfy his passion.
(iii) Eco himself explains how he gets time for writing we have a lot of empty spaces in our
lives Eco calls these empty spaces. He says to his interviewer, Mukund, “While waiting for your
elevator to come up from the first to the third floor, I have already written an article” Thus he
works in empty spaces and finds time to write so much. These moments between one action
and the other actions provides him time for writing.

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 lesson – 8
GOING PLACES
About the author

A. R. Barton is a modern writer, who lives in Zurichand writes in English. In the story Going
Places, Barton explores the theme of adolescent fantasising and hero worship.

Characters and Places

Sophie :A school going teenager

Jansie :A friend and classmate of Sophie
Geoff : An elder brother of Sophie
Derek : A younger brother of Sophie
Danny Casey: A young Irish football player
Tom Finney : A great football player
United : Name of the football team
Father & mother of Sophie

INTRODUCTION
The story revolves around a teenage girl Sophie, her family and friends. She is a daydreamer,
who is always lost in her dreams of becoming rich and sophisticated though in reality she
belongs to a worker family. The story suddenly twists up when Sophie make a wild imagination
of meeting Danny Casey, a famous footballer. She also makes a story in front of her brother
that Casey will come to meet her on a fixed day as per a promise he made to her.

TITLE OF THE LESSON

Going Places' is an idiomatic expression meaning ` to move a step for one's career.
'The lesson is about Sophie's wish and fantasy to come out of the drudgery of belonging to the
lower strata of society to a higher one.Unfortunately, the protagonist, Sophie goes 'places' in
her fantasies to fulfill her dream but failed.

BACKGROUND
The whole story is about unrealistic dreams and how we love to indulge in them knowing all
the while that they have little possibility of coming true. But some, like Sophie, gets too much
involved in them and actually act on them. This is when disappointment makes its entrance
into life. The story seems to hint at us that it is okay to dream, but dream with limits. This is
the actual reality and do not believe too much in movies and novels where the characters
miraculously overcome their challenges. This is anunrealistic way of looking at things, but
sadly it is the true reality. Unless we are impossibly ambitious, hardworking, and have loads of
patience and perseverance, such dreams are best to be kept under locked unless we like the
taste of bitter disappointment.

GIST OF THE LESSON

 Sophie dreams to have her own boutique that will be the best in the city. She wishes to
buy it as soon as she gets money. She also says that she can become an actress if she
gets to run a boutique on the side. Since she has no experience and no money to make
her wish come true, it can be called a dream and not a plan.
 Jansie is practical and knows that both, she and Sophie are destined to work at the
biscuit factory. She advises Sophie to be sensible as she does not have the money or
experience to own a boutique. Jansie is very well aware of her financial background.
 Sophie and Jansie are extremely different. Sophie is an escapist and dreams big. She
wishes for things that are far away from her reach. Jansie is practical and knows her
stature. She is aware of her situation and that money and experience can take one a
long way.
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