Reaction Stoichiometry
1. Iron metal is produced from the mineral hematite (Fe2O3) and pure carbon, as given by the equation:
__Fe2O3 (s) + __C (s) __Fe (s) + __CO2 (g) [unbalanced]
Balance this equation. Then, use the mole ratios therein to perform the calculations below.
a. How many moles of C are required to completely react with 14.251 moles of Fe2O3 (hematite)?
b. How many moles of Fe2O3 must react to generate 0.986 moles of pure iron?
c. How many moles of CO2 will be generated if 2.774 moles of carbon completely reacts?
2. When nitroglycerin explodes, the following reaction occurs:
4 C3H5(ONO2)3 (l) 12 CO2 (g) + 10 H2O (l) + 6 N2 (g) + O2 (g)
If 0.398 moles of nitroglycerine explodes, how many moles of each product would be formed?
3. The element phosphorus naturally occurs as P4 (s). It reacts readily with magnesium according to the
following equation:
__Mg (s) + __P4 (s) __Mg3P2 (s) [unbalanced]
What mass (in g) of P4 is required to completely react with 73.4 grams of Mg?
4. Ammonia reacts with oxygen according to the following equation:
__NH3 (g) + __O2 (g) __NO2 (g) + __H2O (g) [unbalanced]
How many molecules of water will be generated by the complete reaction of 191.4 grams of ammonia?
5. Carbon tetrachloride may be produced via the reaction between methane and chlorine gases:
__CH4 (g) + __Cl2 (g) __CCl4 (l) + __HCl (g) [unbalanced]
If this reaction generates 2.50 gallons of CCl4, how many pounds (lbs) of HCl were also generated? The
density of CCl4 is 1.5867 g/mL.
6. Aluminum reacts with bromine to produce aluminum bromide according to the following equation:
__Al (s) + __Br2 (l) __AlBr3 (s) [unbalanced]
In the lab you perform this reaction using an excess of aluminum and 55.7 grams of bromine. You end up
collecting 60.0 grams of product aluminum bromide. What is your percent yield?
7. Iron reacts with oxygen to give iron(III) oxide according to the following balanced equation:
4 Fe (s) + 3 O2 (g) 2 Fe2O3 (s)
Identify the limiting reactant in each of the following reactant mixtures:
a. 0.288 moles Fe and 0.240 moles O2
b. 10.0 grams Fe and 10.0 grams O2
c. 1.45 x 1024 atoms of Fe and 7.21 x 1023 molecules of O2
8. Sucrose (C12H22O11) reacts with potassium chlorate according to the following balanced equation:
C12H22O11 (s) + 8 KClO3 (s) 12 CO2 (g) + 11 H2O (g) + 8 KCl (s)
Suppose 3.5 moles of C12H22O11 are mixed with 21.0 moles of KClO3. Identify the limiting reactant, then
calculate how many moles of each product (CO2, H2O and KCl) will be formed in this reaction.
9. Boron trifluoride reacts with hydrogen according to the following balanced equation:
2 BF3 (g) + 3 H2 (g) 2 B (s) + 6 HF (g)
Suppose 40.00 grams of BF3 are mixed with 5.00 grams of H2.
a. Identify the limiting reactant.
b. Calculate the mass of HF generated.
c. Calculate the mass of excess reactant that remains when the reaction is complete.
d. When this reaction is performed in the laboratory, the percent yield of HF is 72.6%. What was the
experimental yield of HF?
10. Pure carbon reacts with sulfur dioxide gas producing liquid carbon disulfide and carbon monoxide gas.
a. Write the balanced equation for this reaction.
b. What mass of carbon monoxide will be produced if 40.0 grams of carbon are allowed to react with 95.0 grams
of sulfur dioxide? What mass of excess reactant is left over?
5. Mg(s) + 2HCl(aq) MgCl2(aq) + H2(g)
a. How many grams of HCl are consumed by the reaction of 2.50 moles of
magnesium?
b. What is the mass in grams of H2 gas when 4.0 moles of HCl is added to the
reaction?
6. Acetylene gas (C2H2) is produced as a result of the following reaction.
CaC2(s) + 2H2O(l) C2H2(g) + Ca(OH)2(aq)
a. If 3.20 moles of CaC2 are consumed in this reaction, how many grams of H2O
are needed?
b. How many grams of Ca(OH)2 would be formed with 3.20 moles of CaC2?
7. Acetylene gas, C2H2, is used in welding, produces an extremely hot flame
when it burns in pure oxygen according to the following reaction.
2 C2H2(g) + 5O2(g) 4CO2(g) + 2H2O(g)
How many moles of water (H2O) are produced when 25.0 grams of C2H2 burns
completely?
8. 3 Mg + 1 Fe2O3 2 Fe + 3 MgO
How many moles of iron, Fe, are produced with 25.0 grams of magnesium, Mg?
9. Laughing gas (nitrous oxide, N2O) is sometimes used as an anesthetic in
dentistry.
NH4NO3(s) N2O(g) + 2H2O(l)
a. How many moles of NH4NO3 are required to produce 33.0g of N2O?
b. How many moles of water are produced with 45.0g of N2O?
