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C Programming Basics

The document provides an overview of basic C programming concepts and includes example programs for tasks such as printing text, adding numbers, calculating the area of a circle, and converting temperatures. It also covers format specifiers, data types, input methods, and operators. This resource is particularly useful for MSc Physics students learning C programming.

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Sanjeev Kumar
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18 views4 pages

C Programming Basics

The document provides an overview of basic C programming concepts and includes example programs for tasks such as printing text, adding numbers, calculating the area of a circle, and converting temperatures. It also covers format specifiers, data types, input methods, and operators. This resource is particularly useful for MSc Physics students learning C programming.

Uploaded by

Sanjeev Kumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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C Programming Basics and Concepts

1. Basic C Program to Print "Hello World!":

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {

printf("Hello World!\n");

printf("Welcome to C programming.\n");

return 0;

2. More Simple C Programs for MSc Physics:

a) Add Two Numbers:

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {

int a, b, sum;

printf("Enter two numbers: ");

scanf("%d %d", &a, &b);

sum = a + b;

printf("Sum: %d", sum);

return 0;

b) Area of Circle:

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {

float radius, area;

printf("Enter radius: ");

scanf("%f", &radius);

area = 3.14 * radius * radius;

printf("Area: %.2f", area);

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C Programming Basics and Concepts

return 0;

c) Temperature Conversion (Celsius to Fahrenheit):

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {

float celsius, fahrenheit;

printf("Enter Celsius: ");

scanf("%f", &celsius);

fahrenheit = (celsius * 9/5) + 32;

printf("Fahrenheit: %.2f", fahrenheit);

return 0;

3. Format Specifiers:

%d - Integer

%c - Character

%f - Float

%lf - Double

%.2lf - Double with 2 decimal points

%.10lf - Double with 10 decimal points

4. Variables and Data Types:

int - Integer (e.g., 10)

char - Character (e.g., 'A')

float - Floating point (e.g., 3.14)

double - Double precision (e.g., 3.14159265)

5. scanf - Taking Input:

scanf("format specifier", &variable);

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C Programming Basics and Concepts

Example:

int num;

printf("Enter number: ");

scanf("%d", &num);

printf("You entered: %d", num);

6. Example Programs:

a) Print a Character:

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {

char ch;

printf("Enter character: ");

scanf(" %c", &ch);

printf("Character: %c", ch);

return 0;

b) Sum of Two Numbers:

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {

int x, y;

printf("Enter two numbers: ");

scanf("%d %d", &x, &y);

printf("Sum: %d", x + y);

return 0;

c) Floating Point Example:

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {

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C Programming Basics and Concepts

float x, y;

printf("Enter two float numbers: ");

scanf("%f %f", &x, &y);

printf("Sum: %.2f", x + y);

return 0;

7. Escape Sequence:

\n - New line (used for line break)

8. Arithmetic and Logical Operators in C:

Arithmetic: +, -, *, /, %

Logical: && (AND), || (OR), ! (NOT)

Relational: <, >, <=, >=, ==, !=

9. Example - Sum, Average, Product:

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {

int a, b, c;

printf("Enter three numbers: ");

scanf("%d %d %d", &a, &b, &c);

printf("Sum: %d\n", a + b + c);

printf("Average: %.2f\n", (a + b + c)/3.0);

printf("Product: %d\n", a * b * c);

return 0;

Conclusion:

This PDF contains basic C programs and concepts useful for MSc Physics students, covering variables,

input/output, operators, and format specifiers.

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