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Understanding Sound: Key Concepts

The document explains key concepts related to sound, including frequency, pitch, amplitude, wavelength, and loudness, along with their respective units and formulas. It also discusses factors affecting pitch and loudness, as well as types of musical instruments categorized by their sound production methods. Additionally, it highlights how string length, thickness, tautness, and air column length influence pitch, while energy, distance, medium state, and area impact loudness.

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11 views2 pages

Understanding Sound: Key Concepts

The document explains key concepts related to sound, including frequency, pitch, amplitude, wavelength, and loudness, along with their respective units and formulas. It also discusses factors affecting pitch and loudness, as well as types of musical instruments categorized by their sound production methods. Additionally, it highlights how string length, thickness, tautness, and air column length influence pitch, while energy, distance, medium state, and area impact loudness.

Uploaded by

sanika
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

SOUND

Frequency (f) – The number of vibrations per second. SI unit is Hz or s -1.


o F = 1/T
o F = Number of waves/Total time
Pitch – The shrillness or flatness of a sound/The sensation of a frequency.
Time Period – Time taken by the wave to complete one cycle/one oscillation.
o T = 1/F
o T = Total Time/Number of Waves

Pitch depends on the frequency of the wave – If the frequency of a sound is high,
then the pitch of the sound is high. If the frequency of a sound is low, then the pitch of
a sound is low.

Amplitude – The maximum displacement of a particle from its mean position.


Wavelength – The distance between two successive crests or troughs of a light
wave, and two successive compressions and rarefactions of a sound wave.
Loudness – The loudness of a sound depends on the amplitude of the sound
wave. The more the amplitude, the louder the sound. SI unit is decibels (dB).

Monotone:

 It refers to a sound which has a single frequency and does not vary.
 When there is no rise or fall of pitch, it is known as monotone.
 All the audio signals are mixed together and routed through a single audio
channel to create monotone.

Factors Affecting the Pitch of Sound:


1. Length of the String – The shorter the length of the string, the higher the pitch.
2. Thickness of the String – As the diameter of a string decreases, the pitch of the
sound wave decreases.
3. Tautness of the String – The tighter the string is, the greater the pitch of the
sound produced.
4. Length of Air Column – The shorter the air column, the greater the pitch of the
sound.

Types of Musical Instruments:


Stringed instrument – Stringed instruments make use of a string or wire to
produce vibrations and sound.
Membrane instrument – Drum instruments have stretched membranes that are
generally made of leather. Musical notes are produced by vibrating such
membranes.
Wind instrument – Wind instruments are made of long, hollow pipes with a
certain number of drilled holes.

Factors Affecting the Loudness or Faintness of Sound:


1. Amount of energy of a sound
2. Distance from the source of sound.
3. The state of the medium through which sound is transmitted?
4. The amount of the original vibrations.
5. The frequency of the vibration.
6. Area to which the sound is produced

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