A.
Vocabulary Table
Unit
2 Page Synonyms (S) /
no. Verb Noun Adjective Adverb Word Collocation
Antonyms (A)
invent • invention • inventive inventively S: new design (n.) - invented (v.) by a
• inventor [student/scientist/engineer]
1. 18 • inventiveness - invent (v.) new ways to...
- a clever invention (n.)
Meaning: something that has never been made before, or the process of creating something that has never been made before
develop • development • developed -- S: start/improve - develop (v.) a theory
• developer • developing (v.) - economic development (n.)
• developmental - a developed/developing
2. 19 (adj.) country
Meaning: to invent something or bring something into existence
observe • observation observant observantly S: monitor (v.) - observe (v.) a pattern
• observer - an observant (adj.) person
3. 19 - a general observation (n.)
Meaning: to watch carefully the way something happens or the way someone does something, especially in order to learn more about it
collect • collection • collectable -- S: accumulate/ - collect (v.) data
• collector • collected gather (v.) - a collection/collector (n.) of
• collectable art
4. 23 - a stamp collection/collector
(n.)
Meaning: bring or gather together (a number of things)
explore • exploration • exploratory exploratively S: discoverer/ - explore (v.) the city
• explorer • explorative adventurer (n.) - explore (v.) new possibilities
5. 23 - a scientific exploration (n.)
Meaning: someone who travels to places where no one has ever been in order to find out what is there
-- permanence permanent permanently S: lasting/ - permanent (adj.) damage
enduring (adj.) - permanent (adj.) residence
6. 23 - the restaurant is
permanently (adv.) closed
Meaning: lasting for a long time or for ever
populate population populated -- S: inhabitants/ - the population growth (n.
people (n.) phr.)
- a large population (n.)
7. 23 - a densely populated (adj.)
area
Meaning: all the people living in a particular country, area, or place
examine • examination examinable -- S: look into / look - examine (v.) closely
• examiner at (v.) - examine (v.) the effect of…
8. 23 - a medical examination (n.)
area
Meaning: to look at or consider a person or thing carefully and in detail in order to discover something about them
apply • application -- -- S: submit / - apply (v.) for a job
• applicant register (v.) - submit an application (n.) for
9. 23 • applicability
Meaning: to request something, usually officially, especially in writing or by sending in a form
research • research -- -- S: investigation / - conduct the research (n.)
• researcher study (n.) - research (v.) into
10. 23 - research study (n. phr.)
Meaning: a detailed study of a subject, especially in order to discover (new) information or reach a (new) understanding
B. Vocabulary Exercise
Unit 2 Science and Technology
Complete the passage below with the correct words from the boxes. Make sure your answers are grammatically correct. Each word
can be used once only.
research examination collect explorer invention
populate observe apply development permanently
In our science class, we started a project to (1) explore how different conditions affect plant growth. Our teacher asked us to
(2) research into the best ways to grow seeds. Each student had to choose a type of seed to plant and (3) observe it over several
weeks. We watched how the plants began to (4) populate the soil in their pots, spreading out and taking up space as they grew.
We kept a (5) collection of daily notes on how our seeds were growing. We learned to (6) examine the plants for signs of health, such
as new leaves or roots. We also filled out a/an (7) application to get more supplies for our project. Doing this helped us (8) develop
our skills in planning and asking for what we needed.
We discovered that sunlight and water are very important for plant growth. This lesson might have a/an (9) permanent effect on how
we garden from now on, as it has fundamentally shifted our understanding and approach to cultivating plants. Even though we didn’t
(10) invent anything new, this project taught us a lot about how plants grow and made us better at managing projects by paying close
attention and keeping things organized.
C. Vocabulary/Phrase list
Core:
1. extreme temperatures 2. layers of clothing 3. do an experiment 4. laser printer 5. gravity
6. discover 7. planet 8. search engine 9. web browser 10. Celsius
11. global warming 12. protect the environment 13. solution 14. technology 15. chilly
16. freezing 17. conservation 18. boiling 19. scientist 20. affect
Challenging:
21. airstrip 22. genius 23. collect specimens 24. analyze data 25. evolution
26. astronomy 27. notorious 28. thrive on 29. geology 30. jigsaw
D. Vocabulary Exercise
Fill in each blank with a word taken from the table in Section C. Make sure your answers are grammatically correct.
In the Arctic, (1) scientists often have to wear multiple (2) layers of clothing to protect themselves from the cold weather. These
regions are (3) notorious for their harsh conditions, where temperatures can frequently drop to (4) freezing points, sometimes even
below zero degrees Celsius. During their expeditions, researchers (5) collect specimens such as ice cores and biological samples
from the environment to study the impacts of (6) global warming on local wildlife and ecosystems.
These researchers (7) analyze data from various sources to understand how changes in the environment (8) affect different species.
Some animals, like polar bears, (9) thrive on these challenging conditions of the Arctic, finding ways to adapt and survive despite
the (10) extreme temperatures that would be too cold for many other species. This research is crucial as it helps predict how rising
global temperatures might impact these fragile habitats, guiding what we need to do to protect them.
