“Data Handling”

Internal Assessment 6
By: Anushka Choudhary (12)
 TASK 1: Probability
1. You are organizing a school fair and need to determine the likelihood
of certain events during a lucky draw game. There are 100 tickets in
a box, numbered from 1 to 100. Among these tickets:
➢ 20 are marked as "Winner."
➢ 40 are marked as "Second Chance."
➢40 are marked as "Try Again."
Calculate the probability of each outcome when a ticket is drawn at
random:
a. A "Winner" ticket.
b. A "Second Chance" ticket
c. Not a "Winner" ticket.
 (a) A winner Ticket

Number of Winner Tickets = 20

Probability = Number of favorable outcomes
Total number of outcomes
P(of getting a Winner Ticket) = 20 1
=
= 100 5
(b) A “Second Chance” Ticket
Number of “Second Chance” Tickets = 40
Probability = Number of favorable outcomes
Total number of outcomes
P(of getting a Second Chance Ticket) = 40 2
=
= 100 5
 (c)Number of not a winner ticket = 100 - 20 = 80
Probablitity = Number of favorable outcomes
Total number of outcomes
P(not a winner ticket) = 80 4
=
100 5
(b). You are playing a board game where a player rolls two unbiased six-sided
dice together . The total number rolled determines the action a player takes.

(a) Write the possible outcomes of rolling two unbiased dice together: 36
The outcomes will be :
(1,1) (1,2) (1,3) (1,4) (1,5) (1,6)
(2,1) (2,2) (2,3) (2,4) (2,5) (2,6)
(3,1) (3,2) (3,3) (3,4) (3,5) (3,6)
(4,1) (4,2) (4,3) (4,4) (4,5) (4,6)
(5,1) (5,2) (5,3) (5,4) (5,5) (5,6)
(6,1) (6,2) (6,3) (6,4) (6,5) (6,6)
 2. Calculate the probability of getting:
○ A sum of 7 .
Outcomes whose sum is 7 = 6
Total number of ouutcomes =36
Probability = Number of favourable outcomes
Total number of outcomes

P(sum of 7) = 6 1
=
36 6
○ A sum greater than 10.
Outcomes whose sum is more than 10 = 3
Total number of outcomes = 36
Probability = Number of favourable outcomes
Total number of outcomes
 P(whose sum is greater than 10) =3 1
=
36 12
○ A doublet (e.g., [2,2], or [4,4]).

Outcomes which are doublet = 6

Total number of outcomes = 36

Probability = Number of favorable outcomes

Total number of outcomes

P(outcomes which are doublets) = 6 1

=
36 6
○ A total sum greater than 12

Outcomes whose sum is greater than 12 = 0

Probability = Number of favorable outcomes

Total number of outcomes
0
P(whose sum is greater than 12) = = 0
36
 (c) If a new rule is introduced where rolling doublets lets
the player roll again, discuss how this might affect the
game strategy.

The introduction of the "roll again on doublets" rule fundamentally changes

the strategic considerations of a dice game. It increases the expected
value and variance of scores, encouraging riskier strategies while also
offering the possibility of significantly higher scores.

3. Design a probability-based game or experiment using real-world data. Select a

topic of interest or relevance to current events, gather data, and compute
experimental probabilities.
NOTE : Probability-based game or experiment must be other than the above cases
1. Develop 5 questions applying probability concepts based on your experiment
2. Compare your experimental results with theoretical probabilities and explain any
differences observed
 Topic : "Weather Forecasting"
Game/Experiment: "Rain or Shine"

Objective: To simulate the probability of rain on a given day based on historical

weather data.
Data:
- Historical weather data for a specific city (e.g., New Delhi)
- Probability of rain on a given day (e.g., 0.3 or 30%)

Gameplay:
Simulate a 30-day period, with each day having a probability of rain.
Generate random numbers to determine if it rains on each day.
Record the number of rainy days.

Experimental Probabilities:
Probability of rain on a given day: 0.32 (9/28)
Probability of no rain on a given day: 0.68 (19/28)
 Theoretical Probabilities:
Probability of rain on a given day: 0.3
Probability of no rain on a given day: 0.7

Comparison:
The experimental probabilities are close to the theoretical probabilities,
indicating that the simulation is representative of the real-world data.

Questions:
1. What is the probability that it will rain on a given day?
2. If it rains on a given day, what is the probability that it will rain the next day?
3. What is the probability that it will not rain on a given day?
4. If it does not rain on a given day, what is the probability that it will not rain the next day?
5. What is the expected number of rainy days in a 30-day period?
 TASK 2: Statistics
You want to explore how much time students at your school spend on
their phones daily. Your task is to collect data, analyze it, and use
statistics to understand their screen time habits.

1. Collect data on daily screen time from at least 50 students.

Categorize them on the basis of age/grade of the student
surveyed, total time spent on screen (in hours), and the
categories of screen usage (e.g., social media, gaming, studying).
 =
2. Choose appropriate statistical measures to summarize and analyze the
data : Mean, median, and mode of screen time
Median
Here number of observations are 50. ∴ n= 50

=
 Arranging the data in ascending order :
0.5, 0.5, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2.5, 2.5, 2.5, 2.5, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3,
3, 3, 3.5, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4.5, 4.5, 4.5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5.5, 6, 6,
6, 6, 7, 7.5, 8
So,
=
∴ Median = 3.25 hours

Mean = Sum of all observation

Total number of observations
= 174
= 3.48
50
 Mode

Hence, rhe mode of his data s 3.

3. Create visual representations such as bar graphs, pie

charts, or histograms based on the collected data.
Ensure accuracy in your calculations and graphing.
 bar Graph of the the given data.

4. . Reflect on the reliability of your data:

i. Were enough students surveyed?
ii. Could the responses be biased or inaccurate?
iii. Justify how accurately your analysis represents the screen time habits of
students.
 i. Were enough students surveyed?
The survey collected data from 50 students, which is a
relatively small sample size. While it's better than a very
small sample size, it may not be entirely representative of
the entire student population.

ii. Could the responses be biased or inaccurate?

There are several potential sources of bias or inaccuracy:

ii. Justifying the accuracy of the analysis represents the screen time habits of
students.
Considering the potential limitations, the analysis can still provide a reasonable
representation of the screen time habits of students. However, it's essential to
acknowledge the potential biases and inaccuracies.
 5. Based on your findings, provide insights about student
screen time habits. Make recommendations for
healthier screen time habits, if necessary. Justify
whether your conclusions make sense in the context of
the school environment .

Nowadays students are using more mobile phone resulting in excessive

screen time. The average screen time of students are increasing with their
age, sometimes resulting in health issues, mental health and it can also affect
their academic journey in a bad way.
Some recommendations would be:
i. Reading books instead of using mobile phones.
ii. Playing more outdoor games.
iii. Start spending more time with family and friends physically.
 Extension Questions:
1. How would your results change if you included more students or
surveyed students from different grades?
If we increase the number of students then the data would be more
accurate .
If the age of the students surveyed would increase then according to the
trend the average screen time would also increase and if age is decreased
then the screen time would also decrease I think.
Compare your findings with national or global averages for screen time
Average screen time of an Indian student is 3.5-4 hours.
Average screen time of a global student is 5-6 hours.