1
Chapter 1 – Greek Lanuage and Textual Criticism
Practice Exercises
In the first five sentences, label the grammatical or orthographic (spelling) shift in Koine Greek
represented by the underlined word(s) in each sentence.
1. καὶ βλέπουσιν ἐκ τῶν λαῶν καὶ φυλῶν καὶ γλωσσῶν καὶ ἐθνῶν τὸ πτῶµα αὐτῶν ἡµέρας
τρεῖς καὶ ἥµισυ καὶ τὰ πτώµατα αὐτῶν οὐκ ἀφίουσιν τεθῆναι εἰς µνῆµα (Rev 11:9).
2. οἱ δὲ εἶπαν αὐτῷ, ἐν Βηθλέεµ τῆς Ἰουδαίας· οὕτως γὰρ γέγραπται διὰ τοῦ προφήτου (Matt
2:5).
3. ἰδοὺ καὶ τὰ πλοῖα τηλικαῦτα ὄντα καὶ ὑπὸ ἀνέµων σκληρῶν ἐλαυνόµενα, µετάγεται ὑπὸ
ἐλαχίστου πηδαλίου ὅπου ἡ ὁρµὴ τοῦ εὐθύνοντος βούλεται (Jas 3:4).
4. τοῦ δὲ Ἰησοῦ γεννηθέντος ἐν Βηθλέεµ τῆς Ἰουδαίας ἐν ἡµέραις Ἡρῴδου τοῦ βασιλέως, ἰδοὺ
µάγοι ἀπὸ ἀνατολῶν παρεγένοντο εἰς Ἱεροσόλυµα (Matt 2:1).
5. ὡς καὶ ἐν τῷ Ὡσηὲ λέγει, Καλέσω τὸν οὐ λαόν µου λαόν µου καὶ τὴν οὐκ ἠγαπηµένην
ἠγαπηµένην· (Rom 9:25).
In each of the following five examples, (1) translate the passage both as it stands in the body of
the NA28/UBS5 and with the selected textual variant in parentheses. (2) In one brief sentence,
note the difference in meaning that the variant makes. (3) Record which manuscripts support the
variant reading provided in parentheses. (4) Why do you think the editors of your GNT favored
the reading that they did? If you have the UBS edition, what letter ranking did the editorial
committee assign to their choice? If you have access to Metzger’s Textual Commentary on the
Greek New Testament, check his explanation.
6. Παῦλος ἀπόστολος Χριστοῦ Ἰησοῦ διὰ θελήµατος θεοῦ τοῖς ἁγίοις τοῖς οὖσιν [ἐν Ἐφέσῳ]
(variant: omit bracketed words) καὶ πιστοῖς ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ (Eph 1:1).
7. καὶ ταῦτα γράφοµεν ἡµεῖς (ὑµῖν), ἵνα ἡ χαρὰ ἡµῶν (ὑµῶν) ᾖ πεπληρωµένη (1 Jn 1:4).
8. αὐτὸς δὲ ὁ κύριος τῆς εἰρήνης δῴη ὑµῖν τὴν εἰρήνην διὰ παντὸς ἐν παντὶ τρόπῳ (τόπῳ) (2
Thess 3:16).
9. δικαιωθέντες οὖν ἐκ πίστεως εἰρήνην ἔχοµεν (ἔχωµεν) πρὸς τὸν θεὸν διὰ τοῦ κυρίου ἡµῶν
Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ (Rom 5:1).
10. ἰδοὺ βάλλω αὐτὴν εἰς κλίνην (φυλακήν) καὶ τοὺς µοιχεύοντας µετ᾽ αὐτῆς εἰς θλῖψιν
µεγάλην, ἐὰν µὴ µετανοήσωσιν ἐκ τῶν ἔργων αὐτῆς (Rev 2:22).
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Chapter 2 – Nominative, Vocative and Accusatative Cases
Practice Exercises
In each of the following examples, (1) identify the case of each underlined noun and (2)
determine the specific use of the noun based on its case.
1. Παῦλος ἀπόστολος Χριστοῦ Ἰησοῦ διὰ θελήµατος θεοῦ καὶ Τιµόθεος ὁ ἀδελφὸς (2 Cor 1:1).
2. ἄνθρωπε, τίς µε κατέστησεν κριτὴν ἢ µεριστὴν ἐφ᾽ ὑµᾶς; (Luke 12:14)
3. Ἰησοῦς οὖν ἰδὼν τὴν µητέρα καὶ τὸν µαθητὴν παρεστῶτα ὃν ἠγάπα, λέγει τῇ µητρί· γύναι,
ἴδε ὁ υἱός σου (John 19:26).
4. µὴ πολλοὶ διδάσκαλοι γίνεσθε, ἀδελφοί µου, εἰδότες ὅτι µεῖζον κρίµα ληµψόµεθα (Jas 3:1).
5. οὐκ ἔσχηκα ἄνεσιν τῷ πνεύµατί µου τῷ µὴ εὑρεῖν µε Τίτον τὸν ἀδελφόν µου (2 Cor 2:13).
6. δωρεὰν ἐλάβετε, δωρεὰν δότε (Matt 10:8).
7. Συµεὼν Πέτρος δοῦλος καὶ ἀπόστολος Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ (2 Pet 1:1).
8. ἐνορκίζω ὑµᾶς τὸν κύριον ἀναγνωσθῆναι τὴν ἐπιστολὴν πᾶσιν τοῖς ἀδελφοῖς (1 Thess 5:27).
9. ὁ νικῶν ποιήσω αὐτὸν στῦλον ἐν τῷ ναῷ τοῦ θεοῦ µου (Rev 3:12).
10. καὶ ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ µεθ᾽ ὑµῶν εἰµι πάσας τὰς ἡµέρας ἕως τῆς συντελείας τοῦ αἰῶνος (Matt 28:20)
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Chapter 3 – Genitive Case
Practice Exercises
In each of the following examples, determine the specific use of the genitive case based
on the categories provided in this chapter.
1. ὁ δὲ µικρότερος ἐν τῇ βασιλείᾳ τῶν οὐρανῶν µείζων αὐτοῦ ἐστιν (Matt 11:11).
2. ἐµβὰς δὲ εἰς ἓν τῶν πλοίων, ὃ ἦν Σίµωνος, ἠρώτησεν αὐτόν (Luke 5:3).
3. µνηµονεύετε τῆς γυναικὸς Λώτ (Luke 17:32).
4. καὶ Σίµων ὁ ζηλωτὴς καὶ Ἰούδας Ἰακώβου (Acts 1:13).
5. τήν τε ἐπαγγελίαν τοῦ πνεύµατος τοῦ ἁγίου λαβὼν παρὰ τοῦ πατρός, ἐξέχεεν τοῦτο (Acts
2:33).
6. καθὼς τὸ µαρτύριον τοῦ Χριστοῦ ἐβεβαιώθη ἐν ὑµῖν (1 Cor 1:6).
7. προσδεχόµενοι τὴν µακαρίαν ἐλπίδα καὶ ἐπιφάνειαν τῆς δόξης τοῦ µεγάλου θεοῦ καὶ
σωτῆρος ἡµῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ (Titus 2:13).
8. οὕτως ἔσται ἡ παρουσία τοῦ υἱοῦ τοῦ ἀνθρώπου (Matt 24:27).
9. ὅτι ὁ παθὼν σαρκὶ πέπαυται ἁµαρτίας (1 Pet 4:1).
10. οὐ δικαιοῦται ἄνθρωπος ἐξ ἔργων νόµου ἐὰν µὴ διὰ πίστεως Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ (Gal 2:16).
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Chapter 4 – Dative Case
Practice Exercises
In each of the following examples, determine the specific use of the dative case based on
the categories provided in this chapter.
1. ἡ δὲ ἐλθοῦσα προσεκύνει αὐτῷ λέγουσα, Κύριε, βοήθει µοι (Matt 15:25).
2. καὶ εὐθὺς ἐπιγνοὺς ὁ Ἰησοῦς τῷ πνεύµατι αὐτοῦ (Mark 2:8).
3. ὁ γὰρ ἐσθίων καὶ πίνων κρίµα ἑαυτῷ ἐσθίει καὶ πίνει (1 Cor 11:29).
4. ἐγὼ . . . ὕδατι βαπτίζω ὑµᾶς (Luke 3:16).
5. τί ποιεῖτε ὃ οὐκ ἔξεστιν τοῖς σάββασιν; (Luke 6:2).
6. ἔρχεται ὥρα ὅτε οὐκέτι ἐν παροιµίαις λαλήσω ὑµῖν, ἀλλὰ παρρησίᾳ περὶ τοῦ πατρὸς
ἀπαγγελῶ ὑµῖν (John 16:25).
7. ἠκολούθει δὲ τῷ Ἰησοῦ Σίµων Πέτρος καὶ ἄλλος µαθητής. ὁ δὲ µαθητὴς ἐκεῖνος . . .
συνεισῆλθεν τῷ Ἰησοῦ εἰς τὴν αὐλὴν τοῦ ἀρχιερέως (John 18:15).
8. ὥσπερ γὰρ ὑµεῖς ποτε ἠπειθήσατε τῷ θεῷ, νῦν δὲ ἠλεήθητε τῇ τούτων ἀπειθεία (Rom
11:30).
9. καὶ καθὼς θέλετε ἵνα ποιῶσιν ὑµῖν οἱ ἄνθρωποι ποιεῖτε αὐτοῖς ὁµοίως (Luke 6:31).
10. καὶ ὄντας ἡµᾶς νεκροὺς τοῖς παραπτώµασιν συνεζωοποίησεν τῷ Χριστῷ, χάριτί ἐστε
σεσῳσµένοι (Eph 2:5).
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Chapter 5 – Article and Adjectives
Practice Exercises
In each of the following examples, (1) identify the form of each underlined article or
adjective and (2) determine its specific use.
1. ἐν αὐτῇ δὲ τῇ οἰκίᾳ µένετε ἐσθίοντες καὶ πίνοντες τὰ παρ᾽ αὐτῶν· ἄξιος γὰρ ὁ ἐργάτης τοῦ
µισθοῦ αὐτοῦ (Luke 10:7).
2. ἐν αὐτῷ ζωὴ ἦν, καὶ ἡ ζωὴ ἦν τὸ φῶς τῶν ἀνθρώπων (John 1:4).
3. λέγει αὐτῷ Σίµων Πέτρος, Κύριε, µὴ τοὺς πόδας µου µόνον ἀλλὰ καὶ τὰς χεῖρας καὶ τὴν
κεφαλήν (John 13:9).
4. ἡ ἀγάπη µακροθυµεῖ, χρηστεύεται ἡ ἀγάπη, οὐ ζηλοῖ, [ἡ ἀγάπη] οὐ περπερεύεται, οὐ φυσιοῦται
(1 Cor 13:4).
5. ἀγαπήσεις τὸν πλησίον σου ὡς σεαυτόν (Gal 5:14).
6. κατανοήσατε τὸν ἀπόστολον καὶ ἀρχιερέα τῆς ὁµολογίας ἡµῶν Ἰησοῦν (Heb 3:1).
7. πᾶσα γραφὴ θεόπνευστος καὶ ὠφέλιµος πρὸς διδασκαλίαν (2 Tim 3:16).
8. τυφλοὶ ἀναβλέπουσιν καὶ χωλοὶ περιπατοῦσιν, λεπροὶ καθαρίζονται καὶ κωφοὶ ἀκούουσιν, καὶ
νεκροὶ ἐγείρονται καὶ πτωχοὶ εὐαγγελίζονται (Matt 11:5).
9. ὁ δὲ µικρότερος ἐν τῇ βασιλείᾳ τῶν οὐρανῶν µείζων αὐτοῦ ἐστιν (Matt 11:11).
10. καλόν ἐστίν σε κυλλὸν εἰσελθεῖν εἰς τὴν ζωὴν ἢ τὰς δύο χεῖρας ἔχοντα ἀπελθεῖν εἰς τὴν γέενναν
(Mark 9:43).
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Chapter 6 – Overview of Verbs
Practice Exercises
In each of the following examples, (1) parse the underlined verb, paying special attention
to the mood of the verb, and (2) determine the specific use of the various moods based on the
information provided in this chapter.
1. ἀµὴν γὰρ λέγω ὑµῖν· ἕως ἂν παρέλθῃ ὁ οὐρανὸς καὶ ἡ γῆ, ἰῶτα ἓν ἢ µία κεραία οὐ µὴ
παρέλθῃ ἀπὸ τοῦ νόµου, ἕως ἂν πάντα γένηται (Matt 5:18).
2. λέγει αὐτῇ Ἰησοῦς, µή µου ἅπτου, οὔπω γὰρ ἀναβέβηκα πρὸς τὸν πατέρα (John 20:17).
3. µὴ δῶτε τὸ ἅγιον τοῖς κυσὶν (dogs) µηδὲ βάλητε τοὺς µαργαρίτας (pearls) ὑµῶν ἔµπροσθεν
τῶν χοίρων (pigs) (Matt 7:6).
4. λέγει τοῖς µαθηταῖς· ἄγωµεν εἰς τὴν Ἰουδαίαν πάλιν (John 11:7).
5. καὶ ἰδοὺ Ἰησοῦς ὑπήντησεν (ὑπαντάω, met) αὐταῖς λέγων, χαίρετε (Matt 28:9).
6. ἐάν τις ἴδῃ τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ ἁµαρτάνοντα ἁµαρτίαν µὴ πρὸς θάνατον, αἰτήσει καὶ δώσει
αὐτῷ ζωήν (1 John 5:16).
7. εἶπέν τις τῶν µαθητῶν αὐτοῦ πρὸς αὐτόν· κύριε, δίδαξον ἡµᾶς προσεύχεσθαι (Luke 11:1).
8. αὐτὸς δὲ ὁ θεὸς τῆς εἰρήνης . . . ὑµῶν τὸ πνεῦµα καὶ ἡ ψυχὴ καὶ τὸ σῶµα ἀµέµπτως ἐν τῇ
παρουσίᾳ τοῦ κυρίου ἡµῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ τηρηθείη (1 Thess 5:23).
9. ἔστω δὲ ὁ λόγος ὑµῶν ναὶ ναί, οὒ οὔ (Matt 5:37).
10. αἰτεῖτε καὶ δοθήσεται ὑµῖν, ζητεῖτε καὶ εὑρήσετε, κρούετε καὶ ἀνοιγήσεται ὑµῖν (Matt 7:7).
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Chapter 7 – Tense and Verbal Aspect
Practice Exercises
Identify the aspect and tense-form of all the verb forms in the following examples and comment
on the interpretive significance of these forms (e.g., imperfective aspect views the action in a
given example as progressive and ongoing).
1. καὶ ἔρχεται εἰς οἶκον· καὶ συνέρχεται πάλιν [ὁ] ὄχλος. (Mark 3:20)
2. καὶ ἤκουσαν οἱ δύο µαθηταὶ αὐτοῦ λαλοῦντος καὶ ἠκολούθησαν τῷ Ἰησοῦ. (John 1:37)
3. ὃ ἑώρακεν καὶ ἤκουσεν τοῦτο µαρτυρεῖ, καὶ τὴν µαρτυρίαν αὐτοῦ οὐδεὶς λαµβάνει. (John
3:32)
4. καὶ ἥψατο τῆς χειρὸς αὐτῆς, καὶ ἀφῆκεν αὐτὴν ὁ πυρετός, καὶ ἠγέρθη καὶ διηκόνει αὐτῷ.
(Matt 8:15)
5. ἐξεπορεύετο πρὸς αὐτὸν Ἱεροσόλυµα καὶ πᾶσα ἡ Ἰουδαία . . . καὶ ἐβαπτίζοντο ἐν τῷ Ἰορδάνῃ
ποταµῷ ὑπ᾽ αὐτοῦ ἐξοµολογούµενοι τὰς ἁµαρτίας αὐτῶν. (Matt 3:5)
In each of the following examples, (1) identify the aspect and tense-form of the underlined verb,
(2) identify the verbs as telic or atelic (if possible), and (3) determine whether the tense-form
given is the default form or not.
1. παράλαβε (aor act impv) τὸ παιδίον καὶ τὴν µητέρα αὐτοῦ καὶ φεῦγε (pres act impv) εἰς
Αἴγυπτον. (Matt 2:13)
2. ἴδε (aor mid impv) τὰς χεῖράς µου καὶ φέρε (pres mid impv) τὴν χεῖρά σου καὶ βάλε (aor
mid impv) εἰς τὴν πλευράν µου. (John 20:27)
3. ἐκραύγασαν οὖν ἐκεῖνοι· ἆρον (aor act impv) ἆρον (aor act impv), σταύρωσον (aor act
impv) αὐτόν. (John 19:15)
4. ἐνδύσασθε (aor mid impv) οὖν . . . σπλάγχνα οἰκτιρµοῦ χρηστότητα ταπεινοφροσύνην . . .
ἀνεχόµενοι (pres mid ptc) ἀλλήλων καὶ χαριζόµενοι (pres mid ptc) ἑαυτοῖς (Col 3:12–13).
5. ἑτοίµαζέ (pres act impv) µοι ξενίαν. (Phlm 22)
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Chapter 8 – Present, Imperfect and Future Indicatives
Practice Exercises
In each of the following examples, (1) parse each underlined verb and (2) determine the
specific use of the verb based on its tense-form and context.
1. ὁ δὲ Ἰησοῦς ἐσιώπα (Matt 26:63).
2. καὶ εὐθὺς τὸ πνεῦµα αὐτὸν ἐκβάλλει εἰς τὴν ἔρηµον (Mark 1:12).
3. καὶ προελθὼν µικρὸν ἔπιπτεν ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς καὶ προσηύχετο (Mark 14:35).
4. οὐκ ἀφήσω ὑµᾶς ὀρφανούς, ἔρχοµαι πρὸς ὑµᾶς (John 14:18).
5. πῶς κρινεῖ ὁ θεὸς τὸν κόσµον; (Rom 3:6).
6. παραγίνεται ὁ Ἰησοῦς . . . πρὸς τὸν Ἰωάννην τοῦ βαπτισθῆναι ὑπ᾽ αὐτοῦ. ὁ δὲ Ἰωάννης
διεκώλυεν αὐτὸν (Matt 3:13–14).
7. ὁ γὰρ θεὸς ἀπείραστός ἐστιν κακῶν, πειράζει δὲ αὐτὸς οὐδένα (Jas 1:13).
8. ἔσεσθε οὖν ὑµεῖς τέλειοι ὡς ὁ πατὴρ ὑµῶν ὁ οὐράνιος τέλειός ἐστιν (Matt 5:48).
9. καὶ τοιαύταις παραβολαῖς πολλαῖς ἐλάλει αὐτοῖς τὸν λόγον (Mark 4:33).
10. σπλαγχνίζοµαι ἐπὶ τὸν ὄχλον, ὅτι ἤδη ἡµέραι τρεῖς προσµένουσίν µοι καὶ οὐκ ἔχουσιν τί
φάγωσιν (Mark 8:2).
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Chapter 9 – Aorist, Perfect and Pluperfect Indicatives
Practice Exercises
In each of the following examples, (1) parse each underlined verb and (2) determine the
specific use of the verb based on its tense-form and context.
1. ἐὰν µή τις µένῃ ἐν ἐµοί, ἐβλήθη ἔξω . . . ἐν τούτῳ ἐδοξάσθη ὁ πατήρ µου (John 15:6, 8).
2. Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ . . . ὃν ὁ θεὸς ἤγειρεν ἐκ νεκρῶν, ἐν τούτῳ οὗτος παρέστηκεν ἐνώπιον ὑµῶν
ὑγιής (Acts 4:10).
3. Τύχικος . . . ὃν ἔπεµψα πρὸς ὑµᾶς (Col 4:7–8).
4. θεὸν οὐδεὶς πώποτε τεθέαται (1 John 4:12).
5. καὶ ἔζησαν καὶ ἐβασίλευσαν µετὰ τοῦ Χριστοῦ χίλια ἔτη (Rev 20:4).
6. πολλοὶ ψευδοπροφῆται ἐξεληλύθασιν εἰς τὸν κόσµον (1 John 4:1).
7. Ἔτι αὐτοῦ λαλοῦντος τοῖς ὄχλοις ἰδοὺ ἡ µήτηρ καὶ οἱ ἀδελφοὶ αὐτοῦ εἱστήκεισαν ἔξω (Matt
12:46).
8. γυνὴ δέδεται ἐφ᾽ ὅσον χρόνον ζῇ ὁ ἀνὴρ αὐτῆς (1 Cor 7:39).
9. Μαρία ἡ καλουµένη Μαγδαληνή, ἀφ᾽ ἧς δαιµόνια ἑπτὰ ἐξεληλύθει (Luke 8:2).
10. ὁ λόγος σὰρξ ἐγένετο καὶ ἐσκήνωσεν ἐν ἡµῖν (John 1:14).
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Chapter 10 – Participles
Practice Exercises
In each of the following examples, (1) parse each underlined participle and (2) determine
its specific use based on the information provided in this chapter.
1. καὶ θέλων αὐτὸν ἀποκτεῖναι ἐφοβήθη τὸν ὄχλον, ὅτι ὡς προφήτην αὐτὸν εἶχον (Matt 14:5).
2. ἀκούσας δὲ ὁ νεανίσκος τὸν λόγον ἀπῆλθεν λυπούµενος· ἦν γὰρ ἔχων κτήµατα πολλα (Matt
19:22).
3. καὶ ἐλθόντος αὐτοῦ εἰς τὸ ἱερὸν προσῆλθον αὐτῷ διδάσκοντι οἱ ἀρχιερεῖς καὶ οἱ πρεσβύτεροι
τοῦ λαοῦ (Matt 21:23).
4. ἀποκριθεὶς δὲ Σίµων Πέτρος εἶπεν· σὺ εἶ ὁ χριστὸς ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ θεοῦ τοῦ ζῶντος (Matt 16:16).
5. οἱ δὲ λοιποὶ ἔλεγον, Ἄφες ἴδωµεν εἰ ἔρχεται Ἠλίας σώσων αὐτόν (Matt 27:49).
6. πορευθέντες οὖν µαθητεύσατε πάντα τὰ ἔθνη, βαπτίζοντες αὐτοὺς εἰς τὸ ὄνοµα τοῦ πατρὸς
καὶ τοῦ υἱοῦ καὶ τοῦ ἁγίου πνεύµατος, διδάσκοντες αὐτοὺς τηρεῖν πάντα ὅσα ἐνετειλάµην
ὑµῖν (Matt 28:19–20).
7. τί γὰρ ὠφελεῖται ἄνθρωπος κερδήσας τὸν κόσµον ὅλον ἑαυτὸν δὲ ἀπολέσας ἢ ζηµιωθείς;
(Luke 9:25).
8. τοῦτο γινώσκοντες ὅτι ὁ παλαιὸς ἡµῶν ἄνθρωπος συνεσταυρώθη (Rom 6:6).
9. πλατεῖα ἡ πύλη καὶ εὐρύχωρος ἡ ὁδὸς ἡ ἀπάγουσα εἰς τὴν ἀπώλειαν καὶ πολλοί εἰσιν οἱ
εἰσερχόµενοι δι᾽ αὐτῆς (Matt 7:13).
10. αὐτὸς ἐδίδασκεν ἐν ταῖς συναγωγαῖς αὐτῶν δοξαζόµενος ὑπὸ πάντων (Luke 4:15).
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Chapter 11 – Infinitives
Practice Exercises
In each of the following examples, (1) parse each underlined infinitive and (2) determine
its specific use based on the information provided in this chapter.
1. ὁ δὲ ἐξελθὼν ἤρξατο κηρύσσειν πολλὰ καὶ διαφηµίζειν τὸν λόγον, ὥστε µηκέτι αὐτὸν
δύνασθαι φανερῶς εἰς πόλιν εἰσελθεῖν (Mark 1:45).
2. καὶ ἐποίησεν δώδεκα . . . ἵνα ὦσιν µετ᾽ αὐτοῦ καὶ ἵνα ἀποστέλλῃ αὐτοὺς κηρύσσειν καὶ ἔχειν
ἐξουσίαν ἐκβάλλειν τὰ δαιµόνια (Mark 3:14–15).
3. καὶ ἤρξατο διδάσκειν αὐτοὺς ὅτι δεῖ τὸν υἱὸν τοῦ ἀνθρώπου πολλὰ παθεῖν καὶ
ἀποδοκιµασθῆναι ὑπὸ τῶν πρεσβυτέρων καὶ τῶν ἀρχιερέων καὶ τῶν γραµµατέων καὶ
ἀποκτανθῆναι καὶ µετὰ τρεῖς ἡµέρας ἀναστῆναι (Mark 8:31).
4. εἰ δὲ καὶ ὁ Σατανᾶς ἐφ᾽ ἑαυτὸν διεµερίσθη, πῶς σταθήσεται ἡ βασιλεία αὐτοῦ; ὅτι λέγετε ἐν
Βεελζεβοὺλ ἐκβάλλειν µε τὰ δαιµόνια (Luke 11:18).
5. προσθεὶς εἶπεν παραβολὴν διὰ τὸ ἐγγὺς εἶναι Ἰερουσαλὴµ αὐτὸν καὶ δοκεῖν αὐτοὺς ὅτι
παραχρῆµα µέλλει ἡ βασιλεία τοῦ θεοῦ ἀναφαίνεσθαι (Luke 19:11).
6. ἀπ᾽ ἄρτι λέγω ὑµῖν πρὸ τοῦ γενέσθαι, ἵνα πιστεύσητε ὅταν γένηται ὅτι ἐγώ εἰµι (John
13:19).
7. παρέστησεν ἑαυτὸν ζῶντα µετὰ τὸ παθεῖν αὐτὸν (Acts 1:3).
8. ἐν δὲ τῷ ἄρξασθαί µε λαλεῖν ἐπέπεσεν τὸ πνεῦµα τὸ ἅγιον ἐπ᾽ αὐτοὺς (Acts 11:15).
9. µηκέτι οὖν ἀλλήλους κρίνωµεν· ἀλλὰ τοῦτο κρίνατε µᾶλλον, τὸ µὴ τιθέναι πρόσκοµµα τῷ
ἀδελφῷ ἢ σκάνδαλον (Rom 14:13).
10. ἐγερθήσονται γὰρ ψευδόχριστοι καὶ ψευδοπροφῆται καὶ δώσουσιν σηµεῖα µεγάλα καὶ
τέρατα ὥστε πλανῆσαι, εἰ δυνατόν, καὶ τοὺς ἐκλεκτούς (Matt 24:24).
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Chapter 12 – Pronouns, Prepositions, Conjunctions, Adverbs and Particles
Practice Exercises
In each of the following examples, (1) identify the part of speech of the underlined
word(s) and (2) determine the specific function of the word(s).
1. ἐν ᾧ θελήµατι ἡγιασµένοι ἐσµὲν διὰ τῆς προσφορᾶς τοῦ σώµατος Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ ἐφάπαξ
(Heb 10:10).
2. σπεῦσον καὶ ἔξελθε ἐν τάχει ἐξ Ἰερουσαλήµ, διότι οὐ παραδέξονταί σου µαρτυρίαν περὶ ἐµου
(Acts 22:18).
3. ὑµεῖς δὲ ὀφείλοµεν εὐχαριστεῖν τῷ θεῷ πάντοτε περὶ ὑµῶν (2 Thess 2:13).
4. ἰδὼν ὅτι καλῶς ἀπεκρίθη αὐτοῖς ἐπηρώτησεν αὐτόν, Ποία ἐστὶν ἐντολὴ πρώτη πάντων;
(Mark 12:28).
5. καὶ διελογίζοντο πρὸς ἀλλήλους ὅτι Ἄρτους οὐκ ἔχουσιν (Mark 8:16).
6. θεὸς γάρ ἐστιν ὁ ἐνεργῶν ἐν ὑµῖν καὶ τὸ θέλειν καὶ τὸ ἐνεργεῖν ὑπὲρ τῆς εὐδοκίας (Phil
2:13).
7. ὃς δ᾽ ἂν τηρῇ αὐτοῦ τὸν λόγον, ἀληθῶς ἐν τούτῳ ἡ ἀγάπη τοῦ θεοῦ τετελείωται (1 John
2:5).
8. µὴ φοβοῦ, ἀλλὰ λάλει καὶ µὴ σιωπήσῃς (Acts 18:9).
9. καὶ ἐγένετο ὅτε ἐτέλεσεν ὁ Ἰησοῦς τοὺς λόγους τούτους (Matt 7:28).
10. ἰδοὺ ἡ παρθένος ἐν γαστρὶ ἕξει καὶ τέξεται υἱόν, καὶ καλέσουσιν τὸ ὄνοµα αὐτοῦ
Ἐµµανουήλ, ὅ ἐστιν µεθερµηνευόµενον Μεθ᾽ ἡµῶν ὁ θεός (Matt 1:23).
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Chpater 13 – Sentences, Diagramming and Discourse Analysis
Practice Exercises
In each of the following examples, (1) Identify the underlined portions of the sentences as a
word, phrase, dependent clause, or independent clause. (2) Based only on the words provided
below (not the broader context in the GNT), identify each sentence as simple, compound,
complex, or copulative. [Note: sometimes more than one label will apply. A sentence can be
compound and complex, for example.] (3) Attempt a phrase diagram of a previous “Reading the
New Testament” passage covered earlier this semester.
1. οὗτοί εἰσιν γογγυσταὶ µεµψίµοιροι (Jude 1:16).
2. ἀγαπητέ, περὶ πάντων εὔχοµαί σε εὐοδοῦσθαι καὶ ὑγιαίνειν, καθὼς εὐοδοῦταί σου ἡ ψυχή (3
John 1:2).
3. τὰ τέκνα, ὑπακούετε τοῖς γονεῦσιν ὑµῶν [ἐν κυρίῳ]· τοῦτο γάρ ἐστιν δίκαιον (Eph 6:1).
4. οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ γενόµενος ἐν τῇ ἐκκλησίᾳ ἐν τῇ ἐρήµῳ µετὰ τοῦ ἀγγέλου τοῦ λαλοῦντος αὐτῷ
ἐν τῷ ὄρει Σινα (Acts 7:38).
5. καὶ εἶδον ὅτε ἤνοιξεν τὸ ἀρνίον µίαν ἐκ τῶν ἑπτὰ σφραγίδων (Rev 6:1).
6. καί τινες κατελθόντες ἀπὸ τῆς Ἰουδαίας ἐδίδασκον τοὺς ἀδελφοὺς (Acts 15:1).
7. ὡς δὲ ἐκρίθη τοῦ ἀποπλεῖν ἡµᾶς εἰς τὴν Ἰταλίαν, παρεδίδουν τόν τε Παῦλον καί τινας ἑτέρους
δεσµώτας ἑκατοντάρχῃ ὀνόµατι Ἰουλίῳ σπείρης Σεβαστῆς (Acts 27:1).
8. καὶ τῇ τρίτῃ ἡµέρᾳ ἐγερθήσεται (Matt 20:19).
9. ἐπειδὴ ἐπλήρωσεν πάντα τὰ ῥήµατα αὐτοῦ εἰς τὰς ἀκοὰς τοῦ λαοῦ, εἰσῆλθεν εἰς Καφαρναούµ
(Luke 7:1).
10. ἤγγιζεν δὲ ἡ ἑορτὴ τῶν ἀζύµων ἡ λεγοµένη πάσχα (Luke 22:1).
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Chapter 14 – Word Studies
Practice Exercises
Following the seven steps outlined above, complete word studies for the following
words:
1. τὰ σπλάγχνα (Phlm v. 20).
2. τῆς ἀνοµίας (2 Thess 2:7). Hint: think not only about this specific word, but also about the
phrases in which it appears (e.g., “man of lawlessness” [2 Thess 3:3] and “mystery of
lawlessness” [2 Thess 3:7]).
3. σπουδάζω (2 Tim 2:15).
