English by Prashant Sir Complete ENGLISH for all govt Exams

1. CONTENTIOUS (Adj.)
त, वििादास्‍
Likely to cause disagreement or argument (वििादग्रस्‍ पद)

SYNONYMS:
Quarrelsome, Bellicose,
Pugnacious, Belligerent, Discordant

There was contentious debate over

the use of genetically modified
crops.
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IMPORTANT POINTS
‘CONTENTIOUS’ is the adjective
form of ‘CONTENTION’ which
means ‘DISAGREEMENT’ or
‘DEBATE’.
A BONE OF CONTENTION

A subject or issue over which

there is continuing
disagreement.

AN APPLE OF DISCORD

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2. FETTER (verb)
To keep someone within limits or stop them from making progress (बाांधना)

SYNONYMS:
bar, block, curb, hamper, hinder,
Impede

People believe that too many rules

and restrictions fetter children's
creativity.
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CGL MAINS 18/11/2020

The word ‘unfettered’ in the text suggests:
A) free from barriers
B) outside the classroom
C) restricted by religion
D) bound by religious beliefs

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IMPORTANT POINTS
FETTER can be used as noun. FIGURATIVE MEANING
FETTER (Noun) =>
1. (Figurative ) Something that When we use a word or expression in
stops somebody from doing a figurative sense, we use it with a
something (रूकावट) more abstract or imaginative meaning than
(generally plural) its ordinary literal one.

We can literally close the door to a room,

2. (Literal) Chains that are put
or we can figuratively close the door to
around a prisoner’s feet
further negotiations—that is, refuse to
(बेड़ी) (always plural)
take part in them.
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3. BRITTLE(Adj.)
Hard but easily broken (भांगुर)

SYNONYMS: crisp, crispy, crumbly,

breakable, delicate, fragile

The book's ancient pages were

so brittle, he feared they would
crumble before he finished.
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4. LACONIC (Adj.)
Using very few words to say something (मितभाष़ी)
SYNONYMS:

concise, abbreviated, abridged,

condensed, curtailed,

It involves a slow, laconic vocals

and slowed beats.

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5. SORDID (Adj.)
Unpleasant, dirty; not honest or moral (अप्रिय, कुत्‍सित)

SYNONYMS:

Unpleasant, disgusting, grimy,

Grubby
I do not want to waste time
rehearsing all the sordid details.

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6. VALEDICTORY (Adj.)
Expressing farewell, as at a school graduation. (प्रवदाईसभाषणस
िंबंध़ी)
SYNONYMS:

Farewell, goodbye, leaving,

final

A valedictory speech.

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7. IRRESOLUTE (adj.)

Not able or willing to take decisions or actions, Not certain (अननश्चित)

SYNONYMS:
Hesitant, indecisive, infirm,
vacillating, wavering, uncertain

He has been criticized as

an irresolute leader.

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8. PERFIDIOUS (Adj.)
Deliberately faithless ; deceitful (विचिासघाती, बेिफा)
SYNONYMS:

Disloyal, Treacherous,
Untrustworthy, Traitorous,

When his traitorous actions were

discovered, he was imprisoned.
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9. FRANTIC (Adj.)
Behaving in a wild and uncontrolled way because you
are frightened or worried (अ‍स यधधकसध तं ततसयासभयभ़ीत)
SYNONYMS:
alarmed, anxious, disquieted,
disturbed, nervous, perturbed,
tense, troubled, upset, worried
She controlled her breathing to
keep her frantic emotions from
consuming her.
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10. BELLIGERENT
Unfriendly and aggressive; Fighting a war (शत्रत
ु ापण
ू सण औरसआक्रािक)
SYNONYMS: aggressive, agonistic,
argumentative assaultive, bellicose,
brawly,
combative, confrontational,
contentious, discordant
The belligerent countries are having
difficulties funding the war..

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SSC CHSL 13/04/2021 S2

Courts help in the resolution of ____________ issues.
A) contentious
B) presumptuous
C) contemptuous
D) conscientious

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SSC CGL 13/06/2019 S2

Liable to break easily.
A) soft
B) thin
C) brittle
D) bent

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SSC CGL 11/06/2019 S2

A _________ speech is certainly more effective than
one which is verbose.
A) sullen
B) laconic
C) lengthy
D) surly

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SSC CGL 11/06/2019 S3

Concise
A) detailed
B) complex
C) brief
D) lengthy

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SSC CHSL 05/07/2019 S3

Sordid
A) dirty
B) solid
C) clean
D) Pure

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SSC MTS 19/08/2019 S2

Treacherous (antonym)
A) deceitful
B) disloyal
C) faithful
D) dangerous

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1. IRRESOLUTE 2. FETTER 3. BRITTLE 4. LACONIC
5. SORDID 6. VALEDICTORY 7. CONTENTIOUS 8. PERFIDIOUS
9. FRANTIC 10. BELLIGERENT
1. Public opinion in both belligerent
__________ states seems to be shifting against
the war.
frantic
2. A bird had been locked in and was by now quite ________.
3. At graduation he delivered the __________
valedictory address for his class.
4. The book's ancient pages were so ______
brittle , he feared they would crumble
before he finished.
5. For a long time, the laws applicable to hunting with hounds have remained
very _______.
laconic
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1. IRRESOLUTE 2. FETTER 3. BRITTLE 4. LACONIC
5. SORDID 6. VALEDICTORY 7. CONTENTIOUS 8. PERFIDIOUS
9. FRANTIC 10. BELLIGERENT
6. According to him, Mr. Major is ________
irresolute , obsessed with his image, and
shifts according to the latest opinion poll.
7. We will not allow the spirit of liberty to be _______
fettered by such a chain as that.
8. I am far more prone to turn my mind to the brighter future than to the
_______
sordid past.
9. She described the new criminal bill as a perfidious
_______ attack on democracy.
10. The author wrote a contentious
_________ novel which caused a lot of unrest.
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SYNONYM
WORD OF THE DAY

Stem cell research offers real promise for the treatment of

currently incurable diseases.

(A) Assurance (B) Pledge

(C) Vow (D) Sign

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WORD FORMATION : Use the word in brackets to form a new word that fits
in each space.

1. The commander _________ (laconic) described the demolitions as

‘psychological combat’.

2. Courage and _______ (resolute) are the spirit and soul of virtue.

3. There was a ________ (brittle) in the sound of wind through the

trees that spoke of fall and ruin.

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WORD FORMATION : Use the word in brackets to form a new word that fits
in each space.

1. The commander laconically described the demolitions as

‘psychological combat’.

2. Courage and resolution are the spirit and soul of virtue.

3. There was a brittleness in the sound of wind through the trees that
spoke of fall and ruin.

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WORD FORMATION : Use the word in brackets to form a new word that fits
in each space.

4. An old woman sits mending a ______ (sordid) filthy mattress.

5. We have seen that type of ______ (belligerent) and negative

attitude in this debate.

6. Her heart raced as she ______ (frantic) searched for a place to hide.

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WORD FORMATION : Use the word in brackets to form a new word that fits
in each space.

4. An old woman sits mending a sordidly filthy mattress.

5. We have seen that type of belligerence and negative attitude in

this debate.

6. Her heart raced as she frantically searched for a place to hide.

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WORD FORMATION : Use the word in brackets to form a new word that fits
in each space.
7. I would not willingly believe that such _______ (perfidious) is
common among the Americans.

8. Sometimes her old fashioned moral standards were a point

of _______ (contentious), but her integrity was never under
question.

9. He left a note on her pillow as a _______ (valedictory) instead of

waking her up to say goodbye.
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WORD FORMATION : Use the word in brackets to form a new word that fits
in each space.

7. I would not willingly believe that such perfidy is common among

the Americans.

8. Sometimes her old fashioned moral standards were a point

of contention, but her integrity was never under question.

9. He left a note on her pillow as a valediction instead of waking her

up to say goodbye.

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