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Introduction:
SAP is the leading Enterprise Information and Management
package.
There are N numbers of ERP software’s available in the market
today of which SAP is used in Medium to Large Enterprises
SAP is a neatly integrated business software to process all
functionalities of an organization in order to obtain a unified
solution ERP software
SAP is a leader when it comes to easy integration among all the
departments
ERP(Enterprise Resource Planning) term used for software that
controls whole Organizations and different departments
A Large scale enterprise which has number of divisions under it
like Finance Dept. , Logistics, HR, Warehousing, Sales and
Distribution and Accounts
All these need to be integrated together, for effective functioning.
This is done by a specific software known as Enterprise
Resource Planning or ERP
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History of SAP
SAP the company was founded in Waldorf, Germany in town of
Heidelberg in 1972 by five ex-IBM Engineers
SAP stands for Systems, Applications, and Products in Data
Processing
The first releases were R1 and R2 which were mainframe only
applications, SAP started as R/2 that is Real time architecture
with 2 servers
This got changed in later years as R/3 that is real time
architecture with 3 servers
The SAP R/3 enterprise application suite for Open client/server
systems and “R” then formulated as “Real time data processing”
SAP R/3 Architecture can be divided into three main divisions
depending on their functionality :
Database Layer
Application Layer
Presentation Layer
Stages of SAP upgradation: 3
R3 was used from 1990 to Mid of 2004
From 2004 SAP ECC(Enterprise Central Component)
introduced
In 2005 SAP ECC 6.0 introduced
From 2016 it has enhanced to EHP(Enhancement Package) 7.0
Version which is currently in use
3 Stages of SAP Functions:
Technical Techno Function Functional/End User
[Implementation Stage] [Development Stage] [Production Stage]
FI
ABAP XIPI BASIS BI HANA CRM MM
SD
HR
TWO TYPES OF SAP LOGON:
IMG SAP EASY ACCESS
In IMG we can configure Based on the configuration of
customize and create IMG we can proceed the task
anything into project as per make the transactions and
requirement of the client display report into SAP Easy
access
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SAP R/3 Architecture
Database Layer:[IMPLEMENTATION STAGE]
Database management system or DBMS is a set of
software programs used to store, update or delete data
from the server [It works as Data Storage]
The user can view and organize information according to
one’s criteria
Enable Security features to prevent unauthorized access
SAP is compatible with any database system
In addition SAP has developed its own database known as
HANA( High Performance Analytic Appliance)
Application Layer: [ DEVELOPMENT STAGE]-
Whenever a user sends a request from the presentation
layer, the logical operation is provided by the Application
Layer
In theory, Only one application server is required to
process requests
Presentation Layer: [ PRODUCTION STAGE]
The Presentation layer consists of the SAP GUI (Graphical
User Interface) which acts as an Interface between the
user and the other two layers [ End User Level]
User sends request from the Presentation Layer which in
turn gets processed by the Application Layer
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SAP Application Modules in Brief
1. Financial Accounting
2. Controlling
3. Material Management
4. Sales and Distribution
5. Logistics Execution
6. Production Planning
7. Quality Management
8. Plant Maintenance
9. HR and Project System
FIVE IMPORTANT SAP MODULES
FICO ----- Finance and Controlling
SD ----- Sales and Distribution
MM ----- Material Management
PP ----- Production Planning
HR ----- HR Management
1) Financial Accounting 6
SAP FI (Finance): Finance Module considers being the base
module.It is used to generate EXTERAL REPORTING
It Covers Important areas such as:
General Ledger (GL)
Accounts Payable (AP)
Accounts Receivable (AR)
Asset Accounting (AA)
Bank Reconciliation Statement BRS
Integration : FI, MM and SD
Controlling (CO) is kind of sister module for FI 7
Used for Internal Auditing and Internal Reporting
Cost Center Accounting ( CCA) – REGULAR EXP
Profit Center Accounting (PCA) – INCOME/REVENUE
Internal Order (IO) – NON REGULAR EXP/ EVENTS,TRADE
FAIR
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SAP FI - OVERVIEW
SAP FI Stands for Financial Accounting and it is one of important modules of
SAP ERP.
SAP FI helps to analyze the financial conditions of a company in the market.
It can integrate with other SAP Module like SAP SD, SAP PP, SAP MM and
others.
SAP FI FINANCIALS:
External Reporting: P&L A/c, B/s, Tax reports
5 – Sub Modules:
1. General Ledger – GL
2. Accounts Payable – AP
3. Accounts Receivable – AR
4. Asset Accounting – AA
5. Bank Reconciliation Statement – BRS
6. Integration – FI, MM and SD
Transaction Code in SAP
A Transaction code (or T-code) consists of letters, numbers, or both, and is entered
in the command field at the top of any SAP GUI (Graphical User Interface)
screen. Each function in SAP ERP has an SAP transaction code associated with it.
A Transaction code (T-code) is used to capture the business task that consists
sequences of screen and generates SAP documents with various functions of
create, change and display.
Transaction code (t-code) is a 4 digits shortcut key that enables to access the
requested transaction.
