CONTENT
1. Introduction
Lecture-01 ➢ Basics about Equipment Design
➢ Equipment design specification
Equipment 2.
➢
Engineering Design Process
Conceptual Design
Design
➢ Embodiment Design
➢ Detail Design
3. Example: Conceptual Design of Mini Hydroelectric Power Generation
(Fundamentals)
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Course Outcomes
Learning Outcomes
Emphasis
Course Outcomes Total
Very high High Medium Low At the end of this lecture, you should be able to
Design pressure vessels using ASME
CLO1 standards and emphasis on safety and 65.0 65.0
resource sustainability. – Identify the steps in chemical equipment design
Use readily available software (e.g.
CLO2 Excel) to carryout design calculations and 10.0 10.0 – Describe the information that must be included in equipment design specification
material selections
Practice leadership, cooperation, and – Undertake conceptual design of a chemical equipment.
CLO3 10.0 10.0
accountability in a teamwork setting.
Produce a standard technical report for a – Describe the different stages or phases of engineering design process
CLO4 15.0 15.0
chemical equipment design.
0.0 – Describe the types of designs in engineering
Total 65.0 0.0 15 20 100.0
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Definition:
• Chemical Equipment: refers to the tools and machines used in chemical industry
to facilitate or enable various processes, such as heat exchange, mixing, storage,
chemical reaction, and separation. Examples include vessels, pipes and fittings,
Introduction:
valves, pumps, compressors, mixers, crushers, separators, and ejectors.
• Design of chemical equipment: refers to the systematic sizing, selection,
creation, or optimization of machinery or tool required for a particular chemical
Definitions & Classification process. It involves the integration of engineering principles and adherence to
international codes and standards to ensure an acceptable level of efficiency,
safety, reliability, cost-effectiveness, and due consideration of sustainability and
environmental impact.
©2025 Chemical Equipment Design, CH3349 Ho Chi Minh University of Technology (HCMUT) ©2025 Chemical Equipment Design, CH3349 Ho Chi Minh University of Technology (HCMUT)
ACTIVITY: Brainstorming
• Suggest ONE chemical equipment?
Vessels
• What does design of the equipment mean to you? Use a maximum of TWO
words to answer.
• In order to carryout design of the equipment, what information do you require?
Mention only the TWO most important once.
Pumps Pipes, fittings and valves
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Definition: • Design: refers to a systematic process for solving complex engineering problems by
• Design specification (DS): refers to a set of requirements that outlines the technical and
developing solutions based on an analysis of customer needs and process
functional parameters for the design and construction of chemical equipment. It serves as a requirements. Ideally, it addresses both customer expectations and technical
guide for designers, manufacturers, and acceptance testing teams to ensure that the final requirements, such as functionality, safety, and cost-effectiveness, simultaneously..
product meets the specific needs of the chemical process it supports, as well as relevant
regulatory requirements. A design specification typically includes: Problem-Solving Methodology
Design is
➢ Performance requirements (e.g. volume, pressure, temperature, efficiency) about solving
➢ Material requirements (e.g. strength, corrosion resistance, creep resistance, • Definition of the problem a problem!
compatibility with the process fluid) • Gathering of information
➢ Relevant codes and standards (e.g. ASME, ISO, API, OSHA)
• Generation of alternative solutions
➢ Design constraints (e.g. budget, footprint)
• Evaluation of alternatives and decision making
➢ Maintenance and reliability considerations (e.g. accessibility)
• Communication of the results (e.g. design reports and working drawings)
➢ Integration with process (e.g. connection, control mechanism, interfaces)
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• The motive for design may vary.
Goal/ Motive/features
Original design * • employs an original, innovative concept to achieve a need.
• this form of design occurs when the design team adapts a
Adaptive design * known solution to satisfy a different need to produce a novel
Engineering
application.
Redesign * • employed to improve an existing design.
Design Process:
• the design task consists of selecting standard components
Selection design * with the needed performance, quality, and cost, e.g. pipe and
fittings, valves, motors, pumps
• improving the appeal of a product to the human senses,
especially its visual appeal.
Industrial design
• more artistic than engineering, how the human user can best
interface with the product .
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Types of Designs:
Engineering Design Process:
1
3
2
* Reading assignment.
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Types of Design Methodologies: • Conceptual design: refers to the process of defining the problem
clearly, brainstorming for pool of ideas *, screening to find the
• Engineering Design Process: more on technical aspect and compliance to standards. best, and a decision on the final concept **.
• TRIZ (Theory of Inventive Problem Solving): conceptual design only.
• Embodiment Design: refers to the birth of outline of the
• Design Thinking: customer need / emphasis on empathy rather than technicality.
equipment, including size and technicality check.
• Human-Centred Design (HCD): involves the user throughout the design process.
• Agile Methodology: adopts iterative process in the form of cycles or sprints. • Detail Design: refers to the preparation of all the documentation
• Other Methods: needed for fabrication or purchasing of the equipment. The
➢ Working Backwards Principle by [Link] information often include design reports *** for review, BOM, and
➢ Six-Sigma all required drawings.
➢ Kiazen
*use morphology chart (a standard table) to capture the ideas
** use screening methods, such as Pugh method or Decision Matrix
*** use standard template (e.g. refer to team project report template)
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Formal Technical Reports
Design Specification:
• A formal technical report, usually written at the end of a project, is a completely
and stand-alone document aimed at persons having widely diverse backgrounds. ➢ Performance requirements:
• The outline of a typical professional report: ▪ min power = 1.5 MW within 5 km radius around Parit river
➢ Cover letter ➢ Material requirements:
➢ Title page ▪ mostly recyclable except for the turbine set and supporting structure.
➢ Executive summary ➢ Relevant codes and standards (e.g. ASME, ISO, API, OSHA)
➢ Table of contents ➢ Design constraints:
➢ Introduction ▪ budget limited to USD$50k, footprint = 100 m2 ; operatable by one person.
➢ Technical issue sections ➢ Maintenance and reliability: easy access to maintenance; it could be done locally
➢ Conclusion ➢ Integration with process:
➢ References ▪ control mechanism compatible to the existing cultivation network
➢ Appendixes
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Qn#1: Which design type do we need
to follow?
Example:
(Conceptual Design of a Hydroelectric Power Plant)
Qn#2: Which design method do we
need to follow?
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Step-1: Physical decomposition Table-2A: Concept choice by Student #1
Example
Project Title: “Design of Mini Hydroelectric Power Generation”
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Step-2: Concept Generation Table-2A: Concept choice by Student #2
Table-1A: Morphology Chart:
Main Functions
that define the
system
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Table-2A: Concept choice by Student #3 Table-2A: Concept choice by Student #5
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Table-2A: Concept choice by Student #4 Step-3: Concept Screening
Evaluation criteria:
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Final Concept as agreed by the team:
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Exercises:
Chemical Process Design
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Recommended References
Using desktop search, develop a Design Specification (DS)
and morphology Chart for the following design problems: 1. Richard G. Budynas, J. Keith Nisbett, “Shigley’s
Mechanical Engineering Design,” Ninth edition in SI
Units, McGraw-Hill. (ISBN 978-007-125763-3)
1. Medium Capacity Sea Water Desalination Plant
2. Green Hydrogen Production Plant 2. Dieter, G. E., “Engineering Design,” 4th Edition,
3. PV Cells Recycling Plant McGraw-Hill.
4. Plastic waste recycling plant
3. Ashby, Michael F., “Materials Selection in Mechanical
5. Green ammonia production plant Design,” 2011, Elsevier
6. Fish processing waste to fertilizer converting equipment
4. Stanley M. Walas, “Chemical Process Equipment:
7. Rear Earth Elements Processing Equipment
Selection and Design,” 1988, Butterworth-Heinemann
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Thank You!
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