CRI 200 QUESTIONED DOCUMENT

INSTRUCTIONS: Read each question carefully and select the best answer. Write the letter of
your choice on the answer sheet provided. Absolutely no ERASURES or ANY ALTERATIONS are
allowed. Please be guided.

1. Elsa is a Questioned Document Examiner that is widely sought after by different clients all around the
country. One day, Elsa was approached by Pauline asking her for her expertise. Pauline narrated that one of
her co-worker, Nykka, invited her to a drinking session. The next morning, she was shocked because the latter
was asking her for 500, 000 pesos which she allegedly promised her, evidenced by a letter she wrote. Pauline
contended that she never remembered writing the letter and that it appears to be different from her hand
writing. Elsa really wanted to help her friend so she conducted an examination by first detecting whether or not
the hand-writing in the questioned document is only forged by Nykka or is really the hand-writing of Pauline.
What is being conducted by Elsa?

A.Hand-writing analysis C. Criminalistic examination

B. ACE-V method D. Questioned Document Examination

2. If there is no available collected standard obtained as a basis for comparison, what will be the other
option?
A. No comparison of document shall takes place
B. Request the signature of individual person for the purpose of comparison
C. Proceed to examine the questioned signature even without standard signature
D. None of the above

3. Retracing refers to a stroke that goes back to repair a defective portion of writing. The statement is true.
A. True C. False
B. Yes D. No

4. These characteristics refer to habits that are part of the basic writing system or modifications to the
system of writing found among such a large group of writers that have only a relatively insignificant
identification value?
A.Individual characteristics C. Class characteristics
B. Unique characteristics D. Writing habits

5. It is an angle or inclination of the axis of letters relative to the baseline.

A. Proportion C. Slant
B. Ration D. Form

6. It refers to an interruption in a stroke caused by removing the pen from the paper?
A. Hiatus C. Pen jump
B. Pen lift D. Rhythm

7. Oblique Light Examination is a type of examination that determines the presence of erasures, matching
of serrations and some other types of alterations. This statement is true.
A. True C. False
B. Maybe D. It depends

8. Writing is the most personal and individual thing that a man does that leaves a record which can be
seen and studied. This is what constitutes individuality in handwriting.
A. The statement is true C. The statement is partly true
B. The statement is false D. The statement is partly false

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9. Which among the following is a characteristic of a speedy writing?
A. There is a presence of smooth, unbroken strokes and rounded forms on the handwriting.
B. The width of letters is greater than the connecting spaces adjoining it.
C. The is a great difference in emphasis between upstrokes and downstrokes.
D. All of the choices.

10. It refers to the periodic increased in pressure of intermittently forcing the pen against the paper surface
with increase pressure?
A. Retracing C. Pen emphasis
B. Terminal spur D. Shank

11. This is the introductory backward strokes added to the beginning or ending of capital or small letters.?
A. Hitch C.Hump
B. Hook D. Spur

12. It is a deviation from uniform strokes due to lack of smoothness perfectly apparent even without
magnification.
A. Disguised writing C. Pen pressure
B. Tremor D. Alignment

13. Which among the following is not a kind of miscellaneous aspect of questioned document examination?
A. detection of alteration C. decipherment of erased writing
B. determination of signature genuineness D. restoration of obliterated writing

14. Which of the following is correct?

A. Frequent pauses by meaningless blobs, angles, divided letters and retouches is an indication of
slow writing.
B. Increased pen pressure is an indication of slow writing.
C. Letters curtailed or degenerated almost to illegibility towards the end of words is an evidence of
slow handwriting execution.
D. All of the choices are correct.

15. It refers to the horizontal and looped strokes that are often used to complete such letters.
A. Diacritic C. Whirl
B. Buckle knot D. Ascender

16. Which among the following is an example of individual characteristics?

A. Simple and compound curves and graceful endings
B. Labored movement producing ragged lines
C. Terminal shadings and forceful endings
D. All of the above

17. These are facts which provides as the basis for an opinion of conclusion regarding any writing
identification problem.?
A. Sample C. Exemplars
B. Post litem motam standards D. Standard

18. This term applies to writings; to words printed, lithographed, or photographed; to maps or plans; to
seals, plates, or even stones on which inscriptions are cut or engraved.
A. Document C. Sample
B. Standard D. Exemplars

19. Lewis Waterman was able to patent the first practical fountain pen containing its own ink reservoir.

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Waterman invented a mechanism that fed ink to the pen point by capillary action, allowing ink to flow evenly
while writing.
A. The statement is true C. The statement is partly true
B. The statement is false D. The statement is partly false

20. A notarial will is a kind of will which is signed by the testator before a notary public with three witnesses.
A. The statement is true C. The statement is partly true
B. The statement is false D. The statement is partly false

21. These are writings produced by the subject after evidential writings have come into dispute and solely
for the purpose of establishing his contentions.
A. Collected standards C. Requested standards
B. Post litem motam standards D. Exemplars

22. A document in which the facts appearing therein may not be true, and are contested either in whole or
part with respect to its authenticity, identity, or origin is called as a disputed document.
A. The statement is true C. The statement is wrong.
B. The statement is false D. The statement is partly correct.

23. What do you call a document which is acknowledged and signed by a notary public?
A. Notarial will C. Official document
B. Private document D. Public document

24. A form of erasure in which the writing is removed or bleached by chemical agents?
A. Chemical erasure C. Erasure
B. Mechanical erasure D. Abrasive erasure

25. When anonymous letter writings other than signature are in questioned, submit request standards
writings of general nature from both victim and suspect. This statement is?
A. True C. Either true or false
B. False D. Partly false

26. These are documents executed in accordance with the Code of Commerce or any Mercantile Law,
containing disposition of commercial rights or obligations.
A. Public document C. Private document
B. Commercial document D. Official document

27. It serves as the basis of determining the individuality of handwriting?

A. Standard handwriting C. Requested document standards
B. Standard signature D. Signature exemplars

28. Relative dates or contemporaneous dates refers to the years of the standards which must be collected
and it is best explain by one of the choices below:
A. Standard signatures or writings must be those written within five years before or five years after the
date of the questioned signature or writing.
B. Standard signatures or writings must be those written within ten years before or ten years after the
date of the questioned signature or writing
C. Standard signatures or writings must be those written within fifteen years before or fifteen years
after the date of the questioned signature or writing
D. Standard signatures or writings must be those written by a person regardless of the age of the
writing or signature.

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29. It refers to the name of a person written by him/her in a document as a sign of acknowledgement?
A. Handwriting C. Fraudulent signature
B. Signature D. Careless scribble

30. It is the result of a very complicated series of facts, being used as a whole, a combination of certain
forms of visible mental and muscular habits acquired by long, continued painstaking effort?
A. Signature C. Handprinting
B. Handwriting D. Cursive writing

31. Which among the following statements is correct?

A. A single writer cannot perfectly duplicate his own handwriting. As no two person write exactly alike,
one cannot perfectly produce a geometrical perfect handwriting.
B. Each writer has a handwriting which is personal and peculiar to him alone and they have their own
writing habit.
C. Habits are those elements of handwriting that repeatedly appear.
D. All of the statements are correct.

32. It is a signature, signed at a particular time and place, under particular conditions, while the signer was
at particular age, in a particular physical and mental condition, using particular implements, and with a
particular reason and purpose for recording his name..
A. Freehand signature C. Evidential signature
B. Fraudulent signature D. Guided signature

33. Which among the following principles of handwriting identification is correct?

A. Deterioration in writing results from more accurate coordination of the highly complicated
interrelated factors which go into the writing process.
B. Older writers who have suffered general physical deterioration are very apt to write with more vigor
and high skills.
C. All of the choices are incorrect
D. The physical condition and position of the person including his writing instrument may affect the
handwriting characteristics but they do not confine all its identifying elements.

34. It involves the writing of a name as a signature by someone other than the person himself, without his
permission, often with some degree of imitation.?
A. Genuine signature C. Standard signature
B. Fraudulent signature D. Guided signature

35. A kind of writing in which one letter is joined to the next.

A. Print script C. Block
B. Cursive D. Print

36. When two signatures are completely identical with each other, possessing the same individual
characteristics and no deviations on its natural variations, it means that one of the signature is?
A. Model signature C. Standard signature
B. Guided signature D. Forged signature

37. Which among the following principles of identification are correct?

I. A writing was written by one person when there is a sufficient number of identical writing habits and
identical primary controlling characteristics and in addition, the absence of divergent characteristics.
II. A writing was not written by one person when there is a sufficient number of divergent writing
characteristics and the absence of primary controlling characteristics.

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 III. Two similar handwriting may appear to be the same, but when the two specimens are placed under
close scrutiny, what appeared to be the same or identical handwriting, proves to be similar but not
identical.
IV. The best standard includes writing that was prepared for a comparable purpose and under similar
writing conditions to the matter under investigation.

A. I, III and IV C. III and IV

B. I, II, III, IV D. II only

38. Which among the following part of the brain is responsible for the finger movement involved in
handwriting?
A. Brain cortex C. Cerebrum
B. Brain stem D. Brain cells

39. A group of muscles responsible for pushing up the pen to form the upward strokes?
A. Flexor muscles C. Visceral organs
B. Extensor muscles D. Cortical center

40. Which of the following is incorrect with regards to handwriting and signature?
A. Sufficient number of identical writing habits and identical primary controlling characteristics and in
addition the absence of divergent characteristics will lead to the conclusion of identical writing.
B. A writer cannot exceed his maximum writing ability or skill without serious effort and training applied
over a period of time.
C. Every person can write his signature precisely the same twice in succession.
D. Intoxication, fatigue and illness may affect handwriting temporarily.

41. A kind of signature where a series of intertwining strokes, ornamentation and flourishes can be seen.
A. Conventional C. Formal
B. Highly individualized D. Careless scribble

42. The type of forgery whereby indentations of canal-like outlines of the genuine signatures is produced by
the fraudulent document (bottom sheet) by tracing the outline of the genuine signatures (top sheet) with
considerable pressure with any sharp pointed instrument.
A. Transmitted light process C. Indentation process
B. Carbon-outline process D. All of the above

43. It is a process of forgery that interleaves with a carbon paper between the genuine signatures (top
sheet) and the document intended to be forged (bottom sheet).
A. Transmitted light process C. Indentation process
B. Carbon-outline process D. All of the above

44. A class of signature used for routine documents or day to day correspondence.
A. informal signature C. evidential signature
B. formal signature D. careless scribble

45. A signature that is both readable and legible.

A. Highly individualize C. Conventional
B. Formal D. Careless scribble

46. This is where the fraudulent document is placed directly above the genuine document (signature), and
strong light is directed through the two superimposed sheets of paper from beneath, with transparent glass
used as a writing surface.
A. Carbon-outline process C. Transmitted light process
B. Indentation process D. All of the above

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47. Any medium of exchange that is widely accepted in payment for goods and services and settlement of
debts.
A. Banknotes C. Good
B. Money D. Philippine Currency

48. What method of document examination when the document is examined with the source of illumination
behind it and the light passing through the paper.
A. Transmitted light examination C. Infrared examination
B. Photographic examination D. Microscopic examination

49. What are these security designs of Philippine banknotes that are located on the obverse side of the
note below the words "REPUBLIKA NG PILIPINAS" are minute and finely printed words.
A. Concealed value C. Micro printing
B. Ultra violet light D. Vignette

50. It refers to any arcade form in the body of the letter.

A. Arc C. Spur
B. Knob D. Staff

51. It is the balance quality of movements of the harmonious recurrence of stress or impulse.
A. Rhythm C. Pen emphasis
B. Pen pressure D. Hiatus

52. A minute and rudimentary loop frequently found at the closing point of small “o”.
A. Beaded C. Beard
B. Eye let D. Rubric

53. A kind of tremor which is characterized by general irregularity that is not due to weakness but to lack of
skills and mental uncertainty as to the form and a general clumsiness resulting from unfamiliarity with the
whole writing process.
A. Tremor of age C. Tremor of illiteracy
B. Tremor of weakness D. Tremor of fraud

54. It is the relation of the parts of the whole line of writing or line of individual letters in words or signature
to the baseline.
A. Pen emphasis C. Tremor
B. Pen pressure D. Alignment

55. Which among the following is a manner on how individual characteristics are acquired?
A. Outgrowth of definite teaching C. Result of imitation
B. Accidental condition or circumstances D. All of the choices

56. It refers to a term suggesting that there is an argument or controversy over the document.
A. Questioned document C. Holographic document
B. Disputed document D. Notarized will

57. It is a writing material made from skin of animals primarily of sheep, calves or goats and was probably
developed in the Middle East more or less contemporaneously with papyrus.?
A. Papyrus C. Parchment
B. Vellum D. None of the choices

58. The paper used in Philippine peso bill is “hygienically treated” or has anti-bacterial properties, this
statement is.
A. True C. Partly true
B. False D. Partly False

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59. What specific law punishes the possession and use of counterfeit treasury or bank notes and other
instruments of credit?
A. Article 167 of RPC C. Article 169 of RPC
B. Article 168 of RPC D. Article 170 of RPC

60. What security feature of Philippine banknotes which can be only found in the New Design Series 1000
peso note?
A. security thread C. optically variable ink
B. fluorescent printing D. iridescent band

61. This type of microscope combines two separate images in the eyepiece so that the magnified images
appear to be side by side.
A. Stereoscopic microscope C. Comparison microscope
B. Infrared image converter D. Electron microscope

62. Under what law is defacement, mutilation, tearing, burning, or destruction of central bank notes and
coins prohibited and penalized?
A. PD No. 247 C. PD No. 249
B. PD No. 248 D. PD No. 246

63. A condition of a coin in which it is made of metal, whether of inferior or superior intrinsic value to that of
the genuine coin, and has the appearance of a legal tender coin.
A. Mutilated coin C. Priceless coin
B. Counterfeit coin D. Any of these

64. Under what law is defacement, mutilation, tearing, burning, or destruction of central bank notes and
coins prohibited and penalized?
A. PD No. 247 C. PD No. 249
B. PD No. 248 D. PD No. 246

65. Verification deals with the process of checking the accuracy and correctness of the examination for the
first time which is usually conducted by other experts in the said field. The statement is False.
A. False C. True
B. No D. Yes

66. It details indention or indented writings and it records transparencies of any indention.
A. Video Spectral Comparator C. Electrostatic Detection Apparatus
B. Stereoscopic Microscope D. Compound Microscope

67. Conclusion results from relating observed facts by logical reasoning excluding the application of
common sense in accordance to rules and laws. The statement is TRUE.
A. True C. False
B. Yes D. No

68. Can a Document Examiner be an Expert Witness?

A. NO, he will be both a document examiner and an expert witness
B. NO, he is only considered as a witness
C. YES, when a document examiner testifies in court of law he will no longer be called as a document
examiner but an expert witness.
D. YES, every person who is a professional who testifies in court is automatically called an expert
witness.

69. When a document becomes disputed and deposited in court or with the attorney, in order to maintain its

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original condition, it should be?
A. Must be properly folded and placed in a sealed envelope
B. Remain unfolded and separate in a proper size enveloped
C. Given to a police officer for preservation
D. None of these

70. Which of the following can change the physical condition of a document?
A. touching with wet hands or fingers can create smearing in the ink
B. pointing with a pencil can leave marks that create a suspicion of previous pencil marks
C. experiments as proof of attempted forgery
D. All of these

71. This provides a 3-dimensional enlargement which is important when searching for identifying
handwriting characteristics.
A. Stereoscopic microscope C. Infrared microscope
B. Comparison microscope D. Compound microscope

72. The paper used in Philippine peso bill is “hygienically treated” or has anti-bacterial properties, this
statement is.
A. True C. Partly true
B. False D. Partly False

73. In order to sustain a charge for an offense under Article 168 of the Revised Penal Code, the possession
of the false treasury and bank notes must be coupled with…
A. the intention to keep it at home C. intent to surrender it to the authorities
B. the intention to use it D. all of the above

74. Sharp details of the outline of the light and shadow effect and discernible when viewed with the aid of a
transmitted light.
A. Portrait C. Vignette
B. Watermark D. Serial number

75. The red and blue security fibers are scattered at random on both surfaces and can be picked off by a
pointed instrument.
A. Security thread C. Security fiber
B. Watermark D. Seal

76. This process is useful in the examination of watermarks.

A. Photomicrography C. Transmitted light
B. Side light D. ESDA

77. A security feature of the money which is only visible under the UV light?
A. Concealed value C. Optically Variable Ink
B. Fluorescent Printing D. Microprinting

78. In handling and preservation of documents the examiner should?

A. Keep documents unfolded in protective envelope
B. Mutilate or damage by repeated refolding
C. Handle documents excessively
D. Mark with a pen during examination

79. It is the silhouette of the portrait appearing on the face of the note?
A. Flourescent Printing C. Portrait
B. Watermark D. See through mark

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80. A security feature of the money that is placed at the upper left corner of the face of the note?
A. security thread C. concealed value
B. fluorescent printing D. security fiber

81. In New Generation Currency, the color schemes were maintained except for the 20 peso bill which has
a different tone of orange. The statement is?
A. True C. False
B. Maybe D. It depends

82. Why should we keep the document away from excessive heat and strong light?
A. Exposure resulted to moist a material
B. Light may seriously injure documents
C. Fades the color of an ink
D. All of these

83. If there is no available collected standard obtained as a basis for comparison, what will be the other
option?
A. No comparison of document shall takes place
B. Request the signature of individual person for the purpose of comparison
C. Proceed to examine the questioned signature even without standard signature
D. None of the above

84. In document examination, when referring to contemporary documents this refers to______?
A. Document which is more than 5 years before and after.
B. Document which are not more than 5 years before and after
C. Document which are more than 30 years
D. Document which are not more than 20 years

85. For comparison of questioned and standard specimen, it must be __________ for simultaneous
viewing of the various elements and characteristics.
A. Juxta position C. Inverted position
B. Overlapped position D. Up and down position

86. As a rule, it is easier to determine whether or not a signature is forgery, but it is very difficult on the
other hand to established who committed the forgery because:
A. the forger might be a left-handed
B. imitation is one of the most effective means to disguise one’s handwriting
C. it might be a traced forgery
D. there should be no sufficient standard available

87. If fundamental significant differences exist between the known and unknown signatures it can be
concluded that:
A. Written by two and the same person C. Written by one and different person
B. It was written by two different people D. Written by one and the same person

88. What kind of forged signature where no attempt has been made to make a copy or facsimile of the
genuine signature of the person who are supposed to sign the document?
A. Simple forgery C. Simulated forgery
B. Traced forgery D. Forgery of signature

89. In the conduct of Transmitted Light Process, the model signature is placed at?
A. At the bottom portion where light is projected
B. Center of fraudulent and collected standard
C. Top portion where light is projected
D. Side of fraudulent signature

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90. The following describes a counterfeited paper bill except one:
A. On counterfeit, the letters & numbers are poorly printed. They are usually of different
B. The lines are very clear & sharp. There are no Burrs clinging to the side
C. Over-inked areas are visible instantly. The shadings & ornamentations of the letters & figures are
thick & usually merge
D. They are evenly spaced & poorly aligned

91. The ultra –violet light is used in examination of erased entries in documents.
A. False C. True
B. Maybe D. Yes

92. This is the basis of all handwriting identification.

A. A single writer can perfectly duplicate his own handwriting
B. There are two writers who can write exactly alike
C. No two writers write exactly alike
D. All of the above

93. In New Generation Currency, this is where the word “PILIPINO” is written in Baybayin that is seen in
complete form when the note is viewed against the light.
A. Water Marks C. See-through Mark
B. Security Thread D. Concealed Value

94. As a matter of practice, central banks regularly change the designs of their money whether coins or
banknotes solely for the purpose of?
A. To guard against counterfeiters
B. By making it very difficult and costly for counterfeiters to produce exact copies of our money
C. To protect the integrity of our money
D. All of the above

95. The following are Do’s in the care, handling and preservation of documents, except one;
A. Take disputed papers to Document Examiner's Laboratory at the First Opportunity.
B. If storage is necessary, keep it in a dry place away from excessive heat and strong light.
C. Maintained in a consequential document, unfolded and in a transparent plastic envelope or
evidence preserver
D. Do not smear with fingerprints powder or chemicals.

96. What is the special paper used in Philippine notes?

A. Cotton C. Polymer
B. Abaca-cotton D. None of the above

97. The following are the characteristics of portrait in genuine paper bill except one;
A. Appears life-like
B. The tiny dots and lines (Vignette) forming the details of the face, hair, etc. are clear, sharp and well
defined.
C. Appears life-like
D. The face and/or forehead are often naturally white or pale due to absence of most of the details.

98. Which of the following methods may be applied to decipher the original message contained?

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 A. Photographic methods, using various types of filters and different angles of illumination may
determine the writing contained thereon without changing the appearance of the charred fragments
B. Chemical methods, such as spraying, painting, or bathing charred pieces with solutions of different
chemical reagents
C. Photographic plates may be utilized by allowing the charred paper to remain in contact with the
emulsion sides in total darkness from one to two weeks.
D. All of these

99. A raised prints that feel rough to touch (ex. REPUBLIKA NG PILIPINAS) and “DALAWAMPUNG PISO”,
portrait, signatures, value panels on the face of the note.
A. Embossed print C. Security fiber
B. Security thread D. Concealed value

100. A type of examination is very essential in every document examination. Actual observations are
recorded in the photographs.
A. Oblique light examination C. Photographic examination
B. Infrared examination D. Ultra-violet Light Examination

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