Scribd
Upload
48 views2 pages

Comparing Quantities

The document explains key mathematical concepts related to comparing quantities, including ratios, proportions, percentages, profit and loss, simple interest, and compound interest. Each concept is defined with formulas and illustrated through examples. It serves as a guide for understanding and calculating these financial and mathematical principles.

Uploaded by

deeptisrivastava206
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
48 views2 pages

Comparing Quantities

The document explains key mathematical concepts related to comparing quantities, including ratios, proportions, percentages, profit and loss, simple interest, and compound interest. Each concept is defined with formulas and illustrated through examples. It serves as a guide for understanding and calculating these financial and mathematical principles.

Uploaded by

deeptisrivastava206
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Comparing Quantities

1. Ratio
A ratio compares two quantities of the same kind in the same unit.
Formula: Ratio = A : B

Example:
A school has 40 boys and 60 girls. What is the ratio of boys to girls?
Solution:
Ratio = Boys : Girls = 40 : 60
Simplifying (divide both by 20): 2:3
Answer: 2:3

2. Proportion
A proportion states that two ratios are equal.
Formula: If a:b = c:d, then a, b, c, d are in proportion.

Example:
If 2 pencils cost Rs.10, how much will 8 pencils cost?
Solution:
2:10 = 8:x
2x = 8 × 10
x = 80/2 = 40
Answer: Rs.40

3. Percentage
A percentage expresses a fraction out of 100.
Formula:
Percentage = (Part/Total) × 100%

Example:
A student scored 72 marks out of 90 in an exam. What is the percentage?
Solution:
Percentage = (72/90) × 100%
= 80%
Answer: 80%
4. Profit & Loss
Profit and loss depend on the cost price (CP) and selling price (SP).
Formulas:
- Profit = SP - CP
- Loss = CP - SP
- Profit % = (Profit/CP) × 100
- Loss % = (Loss/CP) × 100

Example:
A shopkeeper buys a watch for Rs.800 and sells it for Rs.1000. Find the pro
Solution:
Profit = 1000 - 800 = 200
Profit % = (200/800) × 100 = 25%
Answer: Profit = Rs.200, Profit % = 25%

5. Simple Interest
Formula:
SI = (P × R × T) / 100
where P = Principal, R = Rate of interest, T = Time (years)

Example:
If you deposit Rs.5000 in a bank at 8% per annum for 3 years, how much si
Solution:
SI = (5000 × 8 × 3) / 100 = Rs.1200
Answer: Rs.1200 interest earned

6. Compound Interest
Formula:
A = P(1 + R/100)^T

Example:
If Rs.8000 is invested at 6% per annum for 3 years, find the compound inte
Solution:
A = 8000 (1 + 6/100)^3 = 8000 × (1.06)^3 = 9528
Compound Interest = A - P = 9528 - 8000 = 1528
Answer: Rs.1528 interest earned

You might also like