Types of Cement m 4g 5 developed through carefully blending 900d quality OPC clinker manufactured by a ene company and ultrafine fly ash manufactured by Dirk (India) in proper ions that maximise the performance of Concrete in its fresh state (consistency, stability, ‘sional movement and temperature rise) and in hardened state (strength, elastic and time ident deformation) and improve Gurability of concrete. It is todays answers to the tof high Ty Cae SRS elie Dig dure ae conireta that would furthee improve the stainability of concrete construction, itis a kind of portland pazzolona cement with a afference that generally PPC is made ntergrinding any OPC clinker with am iy r ¥y feasonably good fly ash, Whereas Ambuja HiRise is made by intimately mixing 900d quality Ambuja Cement clinker with fine and ultra e fly ash produced by Dirk Company at Nashik, Maharashtra. It is reasonable to expect that ‘lity of Ambuja HiRise Cement will be 900d for sustainable concrete construction. allie RESIS OF CEMENT Testing of cement can be brought Under two categories: 4) Field testing 0} Laboratory testing, .25. Field Testing s sufficient to subject the cement to field tests when it is used for minor works. The ing are the field tests 2| Open the bag and take a good look at the cement. There should not be any visible lumps. The colour of the cement should normally be greenish grey. Thrust your hand into the cement bag, It must give you a coo! feeling. There should not be any lump inside. { wd. (q. Take a pinch of cement and fee-between the fingers. It should give a smooth and not a gritty feeling. Aq) Take a handful of cement and throw it on a bucket full of water, the particles should ~ “float for some time before oe (sink. . : rat ity of water and make a stiff paste. (e) Take about 1,00 grams of céfment and a small quantity of : From the stiff paste, pat a cake with sharp edges. Put it on a glass plate and slowly i icket. See that the shape of the cake Is Not disturbed wil Bs tao iS sai ofthe bucket. After 24 hours the cake should retain. _ Gfiginal shape and at the same time it should also set and attain some strength. Ira sample of cement satisfies the above field test it may be concluded that the cement ts ite that the cement is really good for important fies The above tests do not really indicat a ey oe ‘OF usin (9) SeeCifications with respe Confitmations will have ‘fom the factory, But se in works. The foll_ ia a n52 Concrete Technology 2.27. Standard Consistency Test For finding out initial setting time, final setting time an tat this 4 Strength a parameter known as standard consistency has to be used/It is bene at this stag JW eto describe the procedure of conducting standard consistency 7 fine standard consistene GF ofa cement paste is defined as that consistency which will PEE © Vicat plunger Davi i = diameter and-5Q,g9m length to penetrate to a depth of 33-35 mm from the top eC id d soundness of cement, ang suldshown in Fig” 2.14. The appartus is called Vicat APPArS his appartus is used t luce a cement paste Of standard consiste ‘percentage of water. required to prod The standard consistency of the cement paste is some time called normal consist (CPC peste! The following procedure is adopted to find out standard consistency. Take about 500 gi Upeet < of cement and prepare a paste with a weighed quantity of water (say 24 per cent by weigl Es &f cement forthe is trial. The paste must be prepared in a ‘Standard manner and filled int b the Vicat mould within 35 minutes. After completely filling the mould, shake the mould t@ expel air. A standard plunger, 10 mm diameter, 50 mm long Is attached and brought do 3, Rubber cork < 4. Permeability cell INSTRUMENTATION Scanned vith vamocanyer84 & Concrete Tecnology for certain minimum time. Once the concrete is placed finished, it should lose its plasticity in the earlie damages from external destructive agencies. This Which is often referred to as final setting time. cements. or f The Vicat Appartus shown in Fig, 2.14 Suse Procedure is adopted. Take 500 gm. of ceme fequired to produce cement paste of standz and filled into the Vicat mould in specified m the moment water is added to the ceme! room, at the time of gauging shall be within 27°C + 2°C time 2.28.1. Initial s Lower the needle (C) gently and bring it in contact with the surface of the test block and quickly release. Allow it to penetrate into the test block. In the beginning, the needle will completely Pierce through the test block. But after some time when the paste starts losing its plasticity, the needly may penetrate only to a depth of 3-35) me _ mm from the top. The © }. 2.15. Vicat Apparatus and ston period elapsing between "218 Yeot Acparats ond Fg. 216 Autom L the time when water is added to the cement and the time at which the needle penetrates the test \nbqual to 33-35 mm from the top is taken as initial setting time 2.28.2. Final Setting Time {Replace the needle (C) of the Vicat appartus by a circular attachment J in the Fig 2.14. The cement shail be considered as finally set when, fupon, lowering the attachment p gently cover the surface-of the k, the centre needie rakes ani 2. while the circular cutting edge of the attachment fails to do so. In other WORE the pase rex attained such hardness that the centre needle does not Pierce through the paste more than 0.5 mm. 2.29. Strength Test The compressive strength of hardened cement is the most important of all the properties. Therefore, itis not surprising that the cement is aly/ays tested for its strength at the laboratory 1 before the cement is used in important works. Strength tests are not made.on neat cement paste because of dificuities of excessive shrinkage and subsequent cracking of neat Cément._ Strength of cement is indirectly found on cement sand mortar in specific prc s. The standard sand is used for finding the strength of cement. it shall Conform to IS +1991. Take B55 ;917s of stanciard sand (Ennore sand), "85-ams of cement (ratio OF Cent to sandTypes of Cement ™ 55 is a non-porous enamel tray fond mix them with a trowel for éne minute, then add water of quantity , and sand and mix fre thre dients thoroughly until Fn is of uniform colour. The Sr ing should not be less than 3 minutes nor more than 4 minutes. Immediately after mixing, tr aris filled into a cube mould 7.06 cm. The area of the face ff the cube will be equal to 50 sq cm Compact the mortar either by 4 3 and compaction in a standard fied manner or on the vibrating lequipment (12000 RPM) for 2 F@-217:Moucing of707 mm Mottor Cube Virating Machine minutes Keep the compacted cube in the mould at a temperature of 27°C + 2°C and at least 90 per cent relative humidity for 24 hours. Where the facility of standard temperature and ¥ room is not available, the cube may be kept under wet gunny bag to simulate 90 nt relative humidity. After 24 hours the cubes are removed from the mould and immersed in clean fresh water until taken out for testing p © cubes are tested for compressive strength at the periods mentioned in Table 2.5 r ds being reckoned from the completion of vibration. The compressive strength shall erage of the strengths of the three cubes for each period respectively. The strength Tequirements for various types of cement is shown in Table 2.7/P, 5%, 2.30. Soundness Test z It is very important that the cement after setting shall not undergo any appreciable change of volume. Certain cements have been found to undergo a large expansion after setting causing disruption of the set and hardened mass. This will cause serious difficulties for the durability of strictures when such cement is used. The testing of soundness of cement, to ensure that the cement does not show any appreciable subsequent expansion is of prime importance, 165mm —_—« {30mm dia ocanned Wi aMmocanner