Microservices
Design Patterns
for
Designing and Implementing
Microservices
Microservices
API GATEWAY PATTERN
API Gateway acts as a single entry point in microservices,
handling authentication, routing, rate limiting, and
response aggregation. It improves security, reduces direct
service calls, and manages cross-cutting concerns.
However, it can become a bottleneck if not optimized.
Examples: Zuul, Spring Cloud Gateway, AWS API Gateway.
Microservices
SERVICE REGISTRY PATTERN
Use Eureka Server for service registration and discovery.
Microservices register automatically, and others can
discover them dynamically for communication.
Example: Spring Cloud Eureka.
Microservices
CIRCUIT BREAKER PATTERN
The Circuit Breaker pattern is a critical Java design pattern that helps ensure
fault tolerance and resilience in microservices and distributed systems. Using
Circuit Breaker, it is possible to prevent a system from repeatedly trying to
execute an operation likely to fail, allowing it to recover from faults and
prevent cascading failures
Microservices
SAGA PATTERN
The Saga Pattern is a design pattern used in distributed
systems to handle long-running transactions. Instead of
executing a big transaction all at once, it breaks the work
into smaller, manageable steps. If one step fails, a
compensating action is triggered to undo previous steps,
keeping the system consistent even in case of errors.
Microservices
CQRS PATTERN
CQRS Pattern stands for Command Query Responsibility
Segregation. It separates your system into two parts: one
for commands that change data and another for queries
that read data. This separation lets you optimize and scale
the read and write parts independently, making your
system simpler and more efficient.
Microservices
BULKHEAD PATTERN
The Bulkhead Pattern splits a system into separate parts so
that if one part fails or gets overloaded, the rest continue
working smoothly. It's like having compartments in a ship to
prevent a single breach from sinking the entire vessel. Tools
like Resilience4j and Hystrix help implement this pattern.
Microservices
SIDECAR PATTERN
Attach a separate microservice (sidecar) to handle
specific tasks like monitoring, logging, or authentication.
Sidecar attaches a helper service to a main service for
logging, monitoring, or security without modifying the
main app.
Microservices
API COMPOSITION PATTERN
Combine multiple microservices to create a more complex
and feature-rich API for clients. API Composition
aggregates data from multiple microservices in a single
response to reduce multiple client calls. It improves
performance and efficiency. Examples: GraphQL, API
Gateway.
Microservices
EVENT-DRIVEN ARCHITECTURE PATTERN
Communicate between microservices through events,
enabling loose coupling and scalability. Event-Driven
enables services to communicate asynchronously using
events, improving scalability and decoupling. It enhances
real-time processing. Examples: Kafka.
Microservices
DATABASE PER SERVICE PATTERN
The Database per Service Pattern means each service in a
microservices system has its own separate database. This keeps
services independent and lets them choose the best database for
their needs. However, it can make sharing data and maintaining
consistency between services a bit more challenging.
Microservices
RETRY PATTERN
The Retry Pattern is a design strategy where an operation is
automatically tried again if it fails due to temporary issues. For
example, if a network call fails because of a brief outage, the system
will wait a little and try the operation again until it succeeds or
reaches a maximum number of retries. This pattern helps improve
system reliability by handling transient failures gracefully.
Microservices
CONFIGURATION EXTERNALIZATION
PATTERN
The Configuration Externalization Pattern means keeping
settings (like database URLs, API keys, and other
configurations) outside your code. This lets you change
these details without modifying your program, making it
easier to manage and adapt to different environments.
Microservices
STRANGLER PATTERN
The Strangler Pattern is a way to slowly replace an old system with
a new one. Instead of rewriting everything at once, you build new
functionality around the old system and gradually take over its
responsibilities. Over time, the new parts "strangle" the old system
until it can be removed entirely, reducing risk during the transition
Microservices
LEADER ELECTION PATTERN
The Leader Election Pattern is used in distributed systems to choose
one node as the leader. The leader coordinates tasks and manages
shared resources. If the leader fails, a new leader is elected to keep
the system running smoothly. This pattern helps maintain order and
reliability in a network of multiple nodes.
