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1. U@ EAT (Hypothesis) RITIUT T

e I UREHTUAT
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T ¥ 9 ®l% 96U TR 2|
o GHICUF UNHTT (Alternative Hypothesis), H,: T8 Tea1 & & To0a%
TUTE T & G067
TE 51 T, 3 Afiree E9 T gea SEY B
2. ggHay 'fl'fl'l'fifi H 7O (Calculate the Correlation Coefficient):
A e
SN N et o h g g

e o HESEYE E
o ETTUECH
I HENE
o 3Ry IEREEE R

3. t-Statistic P O] (Calculate the t-Statistic):

o [ t-Statistic T
o o FEHEUTIEE
o o ETIURCH
S TENE

4. Hgod HdY (Significance Level) &1 0 CTE

TR U9, 0.05
7 Q.01 1 95 w092 (o) IO 1907 A0 %I

5. t-Value 1 ga11
t-Statistic T oo T t-é?{fififi foge s 2 =5 afi%’«fi{degrees of "reecom]%fi%aifi
eT5a = (o) BT 5
 6. TIYOITH
Pt TS B
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T £ 3 e fere 994 E fF gegey ToiE reae 2|
TTE t-Statistic BT T P T8 Tr 28T t-05 § B 2. O BF I UEesT H | F 3EEE T8

7. p-Value 1 TOAT ¥
o t-Statistic BT p-vzlue B - f@ o1 GiTEATR W1 IUST
B G |
o TR p-value TS TEE TE (o) ¥ BH 2 T I UM H, B ST TER T

8. g {Conclusion):
o TEOIT TEEEY T O994 & [ 31 3 mees 3 9 U Teed 5at 2
s TR-OEar TETEY B HATE £ 5 A dRUETE ¥ 3 Fig Heayr w5y T8l £

TAREL
oA F i 21 10 ST 0TECH T SO 1S WEEEY 0 - = 0.65 T TIATH¢

. Hypotheses;

2. Calculate t-Statistic:

[ — IR L R N vy AR e N
V1o AR VAT

. Degrees of Freedomzn — 2 = [l - 2 = &

. Critical t-Value at a = Q.05; “rom t-tzlble, spproxmately 2 208,

. Comparison:

& Calculated t-Statistic (24158 = Critical t-Value {2.308)

. Decision:

e Reect H. indicating the correlation s significant,

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|2 Prcb ohi> b (3 Iblin 13cb phpr 1@, Lk oy, Rl)) [RADE bl dh-plin
&b ¢ Ihh RO [Pobinpbie ‘P31 Rk H3903U0D |ERIU]) hhi biyIME L
lRdSIH |cb Indblbbrbs
PIbE
I3 3k Reldh e B |bIRlle :RRelbIR[in 'S P3Ik bk Sh kb [RADR ¢ IR Bk
Lk SRk 313/b| o [PebbinpEle bio 3 IPlin Ibdp] BB LiRh 6 b dollcob
 12 1blin lep| PA|IRE| %08 Lk 08°0 2h 2(PhlleL
Bbls 18 -p<p] Ibblitf | LIGL] hdbnl) | | 3 1bIBb 3P i '3 pAd (19mOd)
Dbl[¢b -1 |2 Iblin |hdp| bbho i (6390) d |b Ibblity (b IR I h3ID bk
12 (Pebh
|3 [Dlele
b [InjBr B |k dBhP (MRl PPlltk RRIS| ‘S Pbh 2 laDiedials |b BPbalh
Lk bl bbb e Inhpd3h [fpdp] DRl ‘lndlce & AR I h312 *Hllndh
|[el@
2/E Il h&I2
b 2k
122 IPI2 blkk 1< 1D f1 PP ofbln 8 Bk BIFH Bk Ib LoD Ble. bl 3 PRI
i 2le 8 PR 2 2cb|p | Jhdbyjh RS [PDR|E b 1.2 |3k blRK Slb
1¢p 1bD Bb, p| 3 2k Ibhdbdlh bl 110 [b 1n231D & lafelph 1PD (RO ‘a2 IDO
|2 P13 bir
3b dolbia
3PP 2eb Meblbd |db Ibhddodlh bl [PebRIIE bin 3 P12 b 2[R I hELD ‘lhikah
(10143 11 3dAL) 2UE Il hBID
|2 [Blis [ PA[IRl] %S Lk SO0
2h 2[Phlle3k |2 IBlis Ik Pbho b (BYdIR) D [db Jablh [ RIE | h3ID :bDdR
18 PR lin Dd| PRy PRI
e 2 [Pbh Doy [bbh Pl RS 12 |3k IRY bt bR dofivin ‘3 kit lin|f johbd3t
e kb & | 3 Pdh 2 bID 3k [PdhIRRE Indld ¢ E | h31D ‘klind|h
14122fE | h31> i 3k [P '3 |3k bltH Bl bt bPAb dp|bln
-2 PlK 1 1bD Sh, ] 3 PRIbE hdak dje 8 PR 24 2biple & lhddrh
R (DRl Rlb 1.2 |2k bItK 3l 1 10D 3k | 2 PR 3 3k lhdbijh
kel 12 182 lia lep) Inf2iph Leb IDB(IEbIH ko [bD Sk [Rdol RIS bl 023D
12 P12 [Pk 30 loin '3 PR 2 deblbrle [ QP PRI
L (sisayaodAy |Inu) [k doath kel (PRl bin 3 1PIA BB 2IE | h3ID ‘lhikd|h
(1013 | 2dA1) JIE | hBID
LR loxbb| PPap| b |BR(E 13 13 13k |3 [Plio [BRE i Rk
% (bunssy sisa3odAy) InBIdh Ibhdddlh [ |RRIEB3 |2 hlindIRble Jnhbd3hbt
leRIbl blRpEle 2o Lotg|lk (103 | 9dAL pue | 3dAL) 1hI(E Il h3ID e | h3ID
1RIE Il h312 e | K312 (1)
|lio lkcp| Lt | hd DIl 2lie oPhILIRDIR f1 [RDIRMN
12 bin 3 [Pk |3 Indh [PIRK ®h olpdb IndcpliFi RIs|E 2K B3
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3R fasad:
. CIgY | afi'z TeTd HPhIRTHD (False Positive), WWW%WW@QT
d[ qldTl|

. TI3Y Il IfE: T THERTES (False Negative), et T3 ¢ 981 & gl g1

h qldT|

T IR Fi Ieat w1 Ygferd A1 Agayul €, FfF U &) HH H Y g DI

THTET §¢ Tahvall ¢ | SIIHeTHal eqgd & (SHIS, THAT 3HR, 3R 3
Tifege g faferat 1 IuaiT B 9 T &I YAdH HR BT T H3d g |
() TATHTI
§¢H a5
UYTHI
§¢- dh (Normal Distribution Curve), o8 Mg fadun ag6 i &ar
ST 8, Hifre! H U Hedyul 3{aeRUM & | g 9 U °c! & HTHR &1 8idl &
3R 3T 9 B4 (bell curve) Ht HBT ST 8 | SHHT SUTNT ScT A Pt fafdw
faRivareii &1 gHgM 3R fazayu H3A | fehar Srdr g |
UHTHTY
s 9% &1 fAvare:
1. el & STHRBT (Bell-Shaped): T BT HTHR U ©el ol AT BIdT 8, S
TP g T A ¥U I TheldT g
2. $EIPd (Centralized): ST BT HRIHT BT
9% & Aeg | Higd g g,
S8l 4, A1 (mean), 3R ATFAHT (median) THH 8Id & |
3. UG (Symmetric): 3% &1 91T 3R <A1 I T g2k & Ufafdd 8ld €1
4. T (Asymptotic): I & aHIDR x-3H&
o 1Y HH!
781 [Feld, 18
3 forat oft gr = o
U §e- I & Ue®:
1. |TH (Mean, p): I8 d%h $I 6% f6g 8Id1 8, S8l Scl HI 3gd dH Fuyd
g gl
2. A% fd9d (Standard Deviation, o): I8 9% & AIels 3R thdd&I
HIYAT& | {1 faga foran Sifiies gidl €, dob I &l dieT SR Tha ga
grargl
T faaror
& fAam:
1. 68-95-99.7 fAUH: TUTH scd 9% H Sl & UIR &I YA & [0 I8
o Hgeayyf &:
ey
> 68% Sl fg A ¥ +1 AHS fagay & iR i €1
> 95% Sel fag A ¥ +2 A fagay & iR 8id €1
o 99.7% Sl fig Mg A +3 AHS fage & R 8 §1
ST,
1. AiTSTBIT U&7 (Statistical Testing): TTHRI faaR0T &1 U fafdd
Tifereta qteron § farar ofrar § O +-ORierur, Z-usteror 3 |
2. T[UraT fA=0T (Quality Control): S@TeA 3R fA#Tor gfgsamatt & Torawn
fyeiaor & forg ST faaRur &1 SugiT fora o g
3. Ot Fffl'qfi (Weather Forecasting): e & el & fagawo § of
T faaRoT 1 I f3aT Tt &
4, fa<hg fagegor (Financial Analysis): faag SToRI & fYed 3R S| &1
e B3 H Y G fIaRur &1 IuanT fopan Siran 2 |
YATHT]
s Isp &7 fREor:

p+ilc p+20 p+30

3 UDHR, YGTHIRT Se- 9 BT 3(e0a 3R U ST & faawur 3iR e #

Tyt
yftreT Ay g

"JEYEY HTITIE
-Te| b HRUN &) ad B T8 1 a7 iR Fifeges! o Tgd
AUl & | 39 IHSH & a4, STSU UEHSY (correlation) 3R FHRU-TROMH
(causation) Fad D Gfi?fifl'fl?fl

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hed doea[3ih b 231x dK | 3 Lbl Ind| InhPxb] 1 LD Rb| bt IPh| 2D
kb Bab b pr D] 2lie Db ‘Sbh -1 31k RRA bIP b bRkl di (B)
_m bhrablie [k
fr I 10 2046 b Bl b 12 k3 D3N LDIdk] hink] It khtake IR Ik
oI Ift 1ol DRIRS [1DI3 (26 bllnhindled
lixted DI Lob BBR2R | Paed
InkxP| 1o 128 13 bio debhIB ‘3 [nhEd3k LBkh [ Hlindjh-Indld 2 BERSR
heniy
12182
|2 bpbRjh fr 2k
0B (B R BIb b 2k o ] 11r(3 PdIr [Ibl| Renle] b RS Ll ‘3 PRISH
@EEWE%E@MEEEE@PE%W_%EEE
2b b | 3 |31 bbxblie Bk [P '3 hPRAR bl ¢ b |D DIk & 3 kie L bbb RS
BLPh | .2 Pbho | Indlcb ] |3k bhxblle RPRAR.,
|2 IPLb Indlp 1cp ARD b i ] 3 IP2ch g 3 hllndfh-lndldd
12 ln2lb 1dp BB b b
% 1BIPP |3k 3k 3k R 'Y RRR Bl @ Rh |2 ] 3 IPIRY| Sk RPRIR
e plie RRRIR
1 Blp ¢ Hlind|h-lndlc
2102 2 b [Sche R kel 23R ) 3 IS
2Ly | Rilx 12 BRR hlinyh-lndid bl b Mrp ¢ [Schey Mie Ll DAk *
‘AR % In23IPH
|2 plbblle bbb|h b R EPbAh |t V | 3 3k bR [DRE |3 [Pl
In21eb Leb (8 2k |k 1R 203 RIR (V) 2k |k [DR b ] 3 ki 1 hllndlh-lndld
(woyesne)) hiin}|h-Indld
1202 Phiibr p LD p BIb
1t 1B |k bR Slle | 8 (R 3b BPh IDRS b|ld '3 OB f1 Ihjllr [kID
12 bR |3 RERAR b2k dh bt Dbk ¢ LS Ml [dib] (b bldshSlle
‘D] < In23|be
12 Ibcbi |8 (2R Ldb RRD dje 1ED
|b 2o cbh) IRl | (IE2R Ik IbD
RIE ) b [2b |B1D) hipldlcbly bDPbalh 3k |2 IDlis B BPbYN |t jt 2k 3hD
12°2 1PI3 pbajh f1 2 o bin <p| Q hle 1bh3 [B 2 1BI3 hbR 3k blb ® b D bio
|12 [PlED (b hERAR Ik KR hh bl d (SSIAELEA) 2 dhlie B (2 |k [2 kAR
(uonepPIIo)) R Ak
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o - .w< [ —_— & aisle
B H
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-
M.M. -..fl‘ »l_*.fi— N_..w._f.-‘“n,“
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.
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|Bw .Mw
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D999 ~ o T osm oo Ay
‘goht
Aielale
b Bh|th BE |2
| L3eb Lklnlsjgb (30UBLEA] Indho| Mie (UESIN) BRJe D) & 23123 13 P31 POk
A bRYRE L& el | Itk
Lna
Lke2eb p|Ph© [b w|fcob (3IUELEA 30 SISABUY) YAONY 12 hl| RS |3k |k 3 £h| b b bRl Phid
Dile (o Doo bt M3 kip Lok ) L2 I0BRh 30 3 13 Lk LIPRE Id 22273 DY & ke Inb XD
Lo kbl @ Do 2edd | Dro o o - Jan) e Ibeobie Sok - 231z BBK HID bt kK ehlle
(2 1ble IPYPT'S balhs Lcb (bP|IdS) A RLE & 9 2l T :Ixhrds |RR|Ib REDID
28 e Ixle 2h 2B IPdRIR %S) |8 khh] R hed bRk Ibb Phid BR(le
Lo Bab pr 2315 B[P Ibdb ¢l Nin|lch InlR2lh 1b Pl RS 2h 2B IPbRIR %S
STSs
LTV
69t¥
1P INETNE $ob
‘2 St | Pplie p LoR|ID
RERR|BLY (2 phed) Phid 2bdd ¢ Bab 2 bl Inep] bbb 1 (11D ki R
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DI IO
Overall Mean — i 67 47.1.1"-7 44700 . LA37 07 _520.99
-
Bl a4

X7 2: T TUTET (Total Variation) @1 TOMT

'\‘Tlfizf F o9 Ft fimar (Between Group Variation}):

S S een, — E: L7 (Mean; — Overall Mean &

TEle, TP T & A B G 5

s
SSutmbai — 366667 — 5202237 _ 3(187.45)7 — 3 » 1888660 — 56659.80

EANEEIE
S8 ke — SATIET — 520.22)% _ 3(55.55)% — 3 » 3085.30 — 925590

afi'\ :

SSpeni — 344738 — 525}.22}2 - 3{8]..8!}}2 — d o BT LT — 2011251

S8 — 2065080 — 925500 — 2011251 — 86(125.21

agg! & ftaw ot firsmar (within Group Variation):

Wel® §HE &1 [GeuT& 0
oes:
S8 i, M — (643 — 666.6GT)7 + (655 — G66.6T)° — (TO2 — 666.6T)°
— 552,40 ¢ 136,11 + 1246.68 — 1935.28

EANEGIE
S8t Kolloun — (169 — AT3.6T)% + (427 — AT3.67)% — (525 — 4T3.67)°
— 2179 — 2IRR.8Y + 260579 — A810.47

afii :

S Sahi. el — (484 — 4473357 — (456 — 447.3317 - (102 — MT.33)°

— 135789 + T489 206100 — 3493.87

DT

S8 — 193528 + AR1G.4T — 349387 — 10245.62

 RO 3: T TUAAT (Total Variation) T TOMHT
S8, — S8 = S5 — RG028.21 + 10245.62 — 9627383

TROT 4; TSY 3ITF WISH (Degrees of Freedom) T TTUMAT

JYEl & dia:
t(-'lr‘f!"rf!."r-rf.' — !13 —1-3-1-2

ausl & fidw:

As — N — k=0 —3 -0

IYOT 5: Mean Squares P oI

Mean Square Between:

M Susiern — s SIEREL 43014105

Mean Square Within:

MS i, — e- b e
AELE L THTGD
Ti

TITT 6: F-Statistic T TOTAT

AL L0n BEAR
e — 2019

TS T F @S = 5.14 (5% FEd T O

BHARI F-HM (25.19) » F (FFidd) {5.14)

T, £H OF (T F T 9% & T OF T53 | a5 ®1 AT sd 9d® =9 9 hE §

6 () fop afiefRufaal & 1 3%, F 33 SR Z I &1 TN fohat Sirdr 82

T Test, K Test, Gfi? Z Test: qfif@ifirfiafi?w’m

i 1g fazawur #, T ¢, F ¥ 3R z ¢ 4T ¥ ¥ ITONT fHU S 2|

Udd ¢ &1 IuanT fafts ulkfRufaa) # far wirar 8, ik 37 uanT & fo fafdy
T 3R ST H I Brall &
T
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HA B! 8| I8 AW 0 ¥ a8 Iuani g1 € o1 THAT PR BIeT gl §
(IR TR 30 Y HH) | T S A YHR & 81d &
1. One-sample T Test: 918 84 U THA & 3Ad&1 a1 U J1d A
(population mean) fim_’fiffi?figl

> IaTexur: [t fafRry faemery & faenfeidl &t ofied i o1

ST SfIEd i A
2. Independent-samples T Test: 518l g4 Gl T ‘v‘l’lfi & 3d Bt SR BT
g 8|
o SGTEXUT: YU 3R Aigdl HHARY! & da- Bt ga|
3. Paired-samples T Test: mefiwfia&g%fiafiffiawfig@ &
3T &1 T BT Bl 8
o IaTexYl: fpdlt faamelf & uar & fawg & th-dxe 3R URe-oxe & 3iap!
B gl
T % BT SUANT a9 fohal ST § oid ST ITHI fIaR0T (normal distribution) T
UTA Rl 81 3R JHH faaed (equal variances) 81
Fex
F X &1 IUTNT 3NUH (variance) &1 GaT & (014 {1 ST € | T8 URIEf0T
ad fdoart
SITdT § STd 89 98 Sira1 gl ¢ fob <1 ar 31 Il & afey 99 § a1 e |

1. Variance Ratio Test: @ffl@%éfiwafiwaflfiéfifim

> 3GIgRuN: &l faftr fRreror fafert & ulkumat & afvey &t garl
2. ANOVA (Analysis of Variance): oid g dHa1 3ffew “GI'J{E?T P 39d Bt
JT BT B 8
> 3GIgRuT: fafird fefdb i SUART & YHId Bt e Tl
F % D1 IUUN dd 501 SI1dT & oid ST IHRI fIaRul &1 UTe &l 811 I8
S & ferg +ft Iyt 8 fo a1 faftrd wiggl & o sivd & Aeayuf
sfar 8|
73w
7 T H1 IUANT a9 a1 ST§ O AT 3HR F371 B1al & (IMHARTR 30 ¥
3‘@3‘7) 3R od Efi SRR HH e fare (population standard deviation) Wffi?fl
212 T QI YPE UFR & Bid o
1. One-sample Z Test: 98 H U THA & 31Gd&1 g1 U 1T STHIH]
3T ¥ H B B
o ICTERI: fhdlt IaTe & 3i¥d Iofi & g1 A o 9|
2. Two-sampleZTest:fi?fifi%fl@%fiflfifimmfi?fiél

- IeTEXVI: &l fafid Sae arsHl & Sfid Iared & gaT|
7 X BT IUTNT dd a1 ST & SId ST Ay f3dRur 1 UTei Rl gt 3R
T fage= a8l
frepd
29 I THieon o1 IugnT Fifres g fawemur § Heayul Yie Ry g1 T e
BIC THA o 31d B! a1 & [ UG &, F ¢ U T a1 o forg Iugntt
2, 3R 7 T IS T & 3d D1 g & forg ezl 81 37 uiefon &1 wel S 9
JUART X & AU SIS ¢ foh Aedsdi 3 SUTANT Bi ! 3R HTaRIHard
DI Yefl-Hifd T | 37 uRteol & Ared 9, gikee i Fspd sifie Il ik
fayaa g g
(@) TR fazawn $a1 82 98 fazayor & ure aRomal &Y saren #va
Y {1 Ayt fagsi 1 e IR I@T ST A1ie |
FgaR fARAWT (Multivariate Analysis) TTRIBII b1 1 T TG &, forares
JUINT At TR & ST ei o1 fageiwur s & forg fvam oirdm & o ehe =)
(Variables)mafigl u‘s’fi@w Uh g)f{-ll-ll-l o Chéfl?% o} e 1
T Bl § AR U Sfed ser de H fAfed Txamnsit 3k te & wqgH o
e R € | IgR faxawur &1 IuaT fafirs &= 7 fosar Sran 8, S THToRId,
fa, fauum, SiR fafec fagm|
TgaR fazawor & e uRome &1 sarRe Sd 99 "gayul fag
1. ST urawr 3R dar: fazawur ¥ usd ag gRfEa &< fos Ser s, gof
3R 79 2 | T 11 3rafafdd Se1 @ Trerd aRomg fed ged
2. R BT 99 3R JHET: fazaor & 2nfid =R o1 Jgt Ia- 3R Ia!
IR el 1 U TS © | I8 fazowor &t gdiemar 3R Iuifiran
DI gHITAT
HIAT T
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&7 Ig-1: Iod TR [V dd-ies
&1 99 &Y, oI foh I3 gew
fa=awor (PCA), PR faZAV0T, THE fIRATT (Cluster Analysis), HaHRI
IEEGLL (Discriminant Analysis) 31S | Td® dd-id & 30 fa=y ST
3R T el B
. qUITe® FiRST®T: URTYS oRUI § Ydeh °R o [T quiiares Fifarat
(mean, median, standard deviation, 3‘|T%) &1 Azl B difch Sl &l Hd
G D1 GHST Sl b |
. oI5 FTET: URUTHT &1 ARSAT FHd IHY dHdd iRSIHII Hed
(statistical significance) UX é? qfi, gfeh 3T W Hedd (practical
significance) UX W & €|

. Wfi?m@:w@?fimmqfl(ouflier@@?
ATy (anomalies) BT UG 3R IebT U &3, il d TRUMHTB
guIfad
B Thd B
. SO 3R g 3rum uRumt @ 3= SeT Wel a1 AT il 9 gy
o< d1fes g YT forar o ud fs s fread fayaeita ofik
WTa_rfiq (reproducible) %I

. UHTT 3R frspt: Tds TR & UHTT 31R 3P ST Jeei & feens Ty

U Y qHy|
. W(Visualization):@'flafizmfimmfiwm
AUl & | U, T1E 3R 37T €T e DT SYTNT B TIRUTHI bl
TFHHTAT 5 Gl g
10. FHT30 B UgTT=: fawayr B AT (limitations) T Ugd 3R Ieeid
B3, dife feput &l gt dn 3R Ayg-iadr & IR H Wydr g
fremd
FEoR fazavor ue wfgaemedt Sud=ul § of oifed SeT Jel | fodt weemrsif 3ik
U P IR FH H GeTad HRdl ¢ | $Hb IUANT 3R TRUITHT &1 saRedt HRd
THY IR AU &g i T e @1 3ATIRTeh © aifch fazeioor 3 fsepef
e, faya-g
aiR Iuanf |

(@) AEATHS 3R OIS U

UEATHS SHYUTT (Quantitative Research): THTHS SHTIUH H HBATHS Sl
T ITTN T ST § | S 32T 1 i 19 adb-1eh! gIRT faZawuT fbaT S &|
22 |
 | €2
121p8
RJPLeEh 2lje DKL b 22 P GRS Mo 8 [Plin b ko Yelblisliiti ey 3k 1
12 -2 IR 2je lnRRlph L PSR I k30 b jb] divllelkl 13 [Plin
¢ blio |cb |Rbbk bIRKInNd bl & 2 Digllie dje £DbY i3 |2 Phik | bl
®R3e 3 P | 2 kLY ] |t IndbIPIb Pi|Rk| kb PdkinkEle
R
% blbdb kIR fig bn Rlp| ellrkK {(poyPIA [BIudwLIdAXY) RIp] DIk
12 1PI2 ll-2cb kol 128 chblIhtlbr e bp|PP RE3O [GRS dje 2 IP|2 hlp6|ble
Ik bhRIe higP28 [8In 3 |Plio Jkdo| it kPR 1O [tlRhE 1 BiR| bd|ble |2
P32 f InxbIPIP kelbtlk khie kAR 1310 “3 [Plia [ |1 1|k P|BIK Bjp| 3k 18 Prd
Ecb|ble 1< 213bho e [RIBIRJIr b [khb| hep| PR3 |kl IPkIrkEle kb
3 blbkb bkl b Rlb| kbbbl (POURI UONEAISIO) Bib] kb |dbie
Rl bidllrbH
e kddble (1)
12 1DI3 [kadd pI Bhk
B2l [ RO e Inlith pERO Bk IS | 3 1RI3 Liikh b [cb|l-hbb DD
kel 2lfe MUIBIR ‘bb|ble MDIH bt bIRBIIEPE | 3 Pad lndch|inplbab dlfe
E|Pbie b [felrfl DR|E 2o b RIR ‘LRIl b [2itiof2 b6 23D
Bl ® RIDBE Ik ShR kb [PdbiRREle BRE |3 [Prd bhinle B3l 1d |Inllh dle
|pR|BR [io 3 BJp| kikpTle dlinl wh klkp|lspl (AudesSouyyw) putp|xpl
|@@@m@mmgabiggggnfie@@@n@m@u@ugfi
131 2ble Rlb| Sk dje ‘2 Pr RIRH [ kSbh | MR & kR Blr |db bhinje
|pobIbpEle LIk 1EDR |3 D[S [kad drliaf [ |bhdk |db [bhEle Plrbp|ko
Ra20 t&f bR 12 [PIR S|k 2h pBER | [Ielinlh e [ohTle & |hidelko
Uo 3 Rjb| EIRREle dilinl dh Elkb| 1R :({Z0j0udwoudyy) pIRkb| |k DR
(fydeadouny) plikplixbl e ({30joudwoudy) plitp] kR (Br)
12 1b|3 p33h | bhEle dobblbb e bk HRE M ‘2 IPI3
2h Bhi e ltgdko Ralh &b 1k biRpEle dlin 12 DS IEBhE (b llelindIR
2lje ‘Lelbblhy ‘phlie bhlk by30 1bh3 12 1BI3 LHRhE 1 [RRID] |92 R e
"Shir Reblch AUDIRIR b biREIe ¢ bk RS |2 IBlin Ik InkPEP] 128 [b|ldb
Rio lnkRsp) bk Mo RRYRJIED Gkl Ik 12 RS 13 Plio Ind] iikhe
1 128 dlblb it kikkEle dilinl :(Ud1essay danenend) pinpEie dwiinf
12 1PI3 P23t b Dok 2je PRI
BB3 e ‘2 P13 |kap bIEIbh dje ERINRIK Rbolch orF Ldb BlRkEle doiplklh
12 RIS [k2db Inkdxb| IR Mje IEE ‘bhik 1 [DS R3O 1dRS |3 D3
LlRh© 1 Rl dillRK e IDbIKHA InBPR Phelik bt bIRREl ¢ MK B3
(1) faig Sepeq iR SfaRTd Siida
figamq (Point Estimation): @@ 3Th i WWW%WW
3METE] & AHDH I $1 THH T Thd 4 (fdg) & wu & fpar amarg | 78
fafes T 31 1 IUTNT HRSP ST & 39, AT g, 1 3= TRTHTER &1
SITHM @H & o &1 It 81 fdg e &1 Idiad] & gl § dlfdh 399 Ffe
& GuTaAT |l gl 8, T I8 U Uhd §ed R MR v g
RIS THEH (Interval Estimation): AR 6T U FIRADHT db-i1db o
forTH ol aaTdl & A URTHICR $T 3THM U SHavTd () & &9 H far
S 8 | g8 faftr fdg siieas & o & sifde fayamia gidl ¢ wifd ag Ife ot
T1 AHS Bl %l 3[R 3HTH A fifim 3R (confidence interval) BT
JUTIT
{301 ST &, S A &1 Geledr 3R fayg-iadr & ciar g1 e fafy
31T & TReR & Ju1fad gea &1 Tep AT U™ o3l 8