Nutrient Agar Nutrient Agar MacConkey agar
with Pseudomonas with staphylococcus
with LF NLF
aeruginosa and
colonies
Blood chocolate
agar agar
TCBS
agar
Citrate Test
Urease
Test Blue 7 Klebsiella
Pink t Klebsiella GreenC E coli
Yellow Ecoli
AST
Mueller
4948 b
Hinton
Agar
RCM
TS test
Red Yellow
acid is
produced
Anaerobic
jar
aka Candle jar
made of
Pt Ni
sterile straight
swab
wire
Inoculating used for
loop stroke stab
culture
BCG vaccine
PPD forMantoux test
Tuberculin
syringe
Universal
container
female is longer
than males
hasbuccalcapsule cylindrical
withteeth
copulatingbursa
with both
in posteriorend ends
female pointed
is longer
hascurved
end
cylindrical
pointed
at one
end Pinworm
Round Worm Hook Wolem enterobius
cg Ancylostoma vermicularis
Necater
Long segmented used
forpropagationembayonated
Doesoventrally ofviruses in lab
flattened egg
Routesofadministration
allantoic sac amniotic sac
Cam
yolk sac
3 parts head
neck strobila
Tapeworm
eg taenia solium
BHI broth peptone
water
Gram staining
Steps Primarystain
crystalviolet Gentianviolet for 1min
Rinsewithwater Violet Gram positive
Sep2 Mordant
Iodine 1min Pink
Rinsewithwater Gram negative
Paton
Rinse withwater Mechanism
CELL WALL THEORY
Stepscounterstain
Safranin 30s
Rinsewith water blot
Uses
i gram negative for identification
differentiation
of bacteria into gram positive
1 tostartempiricaltreatment
iii forfastidious organisms cgHaemophilus which taketime togrow in culture
iv forscreening qualityof specimen before processing it forculture
fy
Carbot fuchsin
Red acidfastbacilli
Blue puscells
5 minutes
Rinsewithwater
organismstructure sulfuricacid
H2 Intermittent
heatingbyflaming underneath needed
till fumesappear mordant Mtuberculosis 25
Step Decolonization M Leprae
Nocardia
25 sulphuricacid 2 4minutes Cryptosporidiumcyclospora s 1
Rinsewithwater
cytoisospora
steps counterstaining Bacterialspoke 0.25 0.5
Methylene blue for 30s
rinse withwater blot
Ascaris
Ancylostoma duodenale
Trichuais
trichiura
Entamoeba
histolytica
Giardia
lamblia
Ascaris
albuminous
Marylated
faked
io
Fertilized corticated
own
Fertilized
decorticated
Unfertilized
egg egg egg
Axoneme
inCentral
Karyosome
4 9
parabasal body JUL
i
Bacillary Dysentery
shigella dysenteriae
Bacillarydysentery shigellosis
shigelladysenteriae
etec Yersiniapestis
Phi
Tetrathionate broth
3 Enrichment broth selenite F broth Gramnegativebroth
Mildly selective MacConkey NLFcolonies
Agar
Highlyselective
5 Treatment
RE [Link]
Ciprofloxacin
DEC
[Link] [Link] Alternative Azithromycin ceftriaxone
complications Intestinal colon perforation rectalprolapse
toxicmega
sdysenteriaetype1 5days
Ekirisyndrome toxicencephalopathy
Bacteremia Hypoglycemia hyponatremia dehydration
Immunocompromised 7
10days
ORS
4 Virulence factors cellwallantigens Lipoteichoicacid Ccarb antigen Mprotein fimbria
Toxins hemolysinstreptolysin 0 5 SPE
Enzymes streptokinase streptodoanase Hyaluronidase
Cellulitis
Streptococcus pyogenes
E I
PRAGM
Direct microscopy gramnegative shortcommashaped fishinstream datingmotility hangingdrop
selectivemedia AlkalineBSA translucentoildropcolonics
TCBS largeyellowcolonies fermentsucrose
Monsua'sGITTA translucentcolonies
greyishblackcentre turbidhalo MacConkey translucentNLF whichbecomepink LF
stringtest positive Hemodigestion on blood greenish clearingaround onprolongedincubation
agar
0.51 Nadeoxy cholate loss
of maininoculum
turbidity becomesmucoid
3specimens freshlycollectedwaterystool rectalswab
Transportmedia VRmedium Alkalinesalttransport medium CaryBlair
Autoclaved
seawater
Cholera Vibriocholerae
Vcholerae V mimicus
Treatment i fluidreplacement ors i v V parahemolyticus
4 Antibiotics Azithromycin erythromycin V alginolyticus
minorrole
duration volume
offluidloss oforganism fromstool
clearance
Pseudomembrane toxin
bleedson removal adherent
ofepithelium
necrosis toxinformation mucosalulcers linedbyleatherygreyish
to mucosalbase white pseudomembrane
themembranecanbeeasily separated fibrin neutrophils RB
Diptheria Corynebacterium diphtheria
invivo
198
[Link]
lppttest
oftoxgeneper
detection
ofDILIA
detection
PEI boosterdose
ofdiphtheriavaccine penicillin G singledose erythromycin 7 10days
DT vaccination Pentavalent 6,1014weeks
1624months 5 years
10 16years
a T Early
stage aushours 20,000 40,000units
pharyngeal membranepresent 40,000 60000units
latestage 3days withbullneck 80,000 20,000units
1
e Antibiotics penicillin
of erythromycin
ifgivenearly 6has
prevent furtherrelease
oftoxin
Tx ofcarriers cutaneousdiphtheria
MDRsTyphi resistancetoChloramphenicol AmpicillinCotrimox
azole previouslyusedtotreatenteric
fever
Now Doe ceftriaxone azithromycin ciprofloxacin maybeaddedafterAST
Enteric fever Salmonella typhi
Rashes rose
spots on trunk chest
cerebellarataxia
muttering delirium
stepladderpattern
ofremittentfever
hepato
splenomegaly epistaxis
GI bleeding perforation
DCA NLF pale colonies with black center
xD red colonies withblackcenter
Wilson Blair
jetblack colonies withmetallic
Sheen due to Has production
Tubeagglutinationtest
2 folliculitis furuncle abscess impetigo hideadenitis suppurative necrotizingfasciitis psoasabscess
pyomyositis osteomyelitis mastitis breastabscess
Osteomyelitis Staphylococcus aureus
sepsis IE Toxicshock syndrome
Waterhouse Faiderichsen Syndrome SSSS
Paeruginosa Group B
Ecoli Klebsiella Proteus Tuberculosis streptococ
AST
kfactorsofSSI
Bm 35kgm
Diabetesmellitus
Age 6s
years
Anaemia
use
steroid
Longterm
Bloodtransfusion
Prematuresutureremoval
Inadequatesurgicalclosure
Highwoundtensionclosure
evention
ofSSI
Fullbodywash
Preparesurgicalsite incision
before
withporidoneiodine
clean
contaminatehands
Ifof
Use
[Link]
prophylacticantibiotic
Perioperative
site
seepsurgical closed fora minimum
of48hoursafterprocedure
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
surgicalsite infection Ssl streptococci
K pneumon
Candida Enterobacter Proteus Ecole
Staphylococci
CLABSI CAUT VAP 18 Swimmer'sear malignantotitisexterna
Shanghaifever
2 Early onset lateonset
S pneumoniae Paeruginosa
H influenzae Acinetobacter
MSSA E coli
VAP Klebsiella pneumoniae
Klebsiella
UTI Meningitis
septicemia
Pyogenic abscess
woundinfection s
Liverabscess
HAV Fecooral 4
HBV vertical
Percutaneous sexual
HCV Percutaneous sexual vertical
HDV Percutaneous sexual vertical
HEV Feworal
acute sphericalform
HBVinfection tubularfilamentous
complete
fogmatids
Recombinant Hep B vaccine
Foradults 0 1,6months
3doses 10 20augdos
NE Pentavalentat6,1
14weeks
Complications
1 secondarybacterialinfectionsotitismediabronchopneumonia recurrentfever
a Giantcellpneumonitis Hecht'spneumonia
a Acute laryngo bronchitis croup
trachea
Diarrhea
encephalitisESPE
subacutesclerosingpan
i Measlesinclusion
body encephalitis
[Link] iecautons
Vaccines liveattenuated vaccineSchwartz strain
reconstitution withdistilled water
NI MR at 9 12months 16 24months
0.5mL S C
CIP 10days [Link] iz
Measles
Eruptiverash in from
disappear
18
Post measlesweightloss
4 Inclusionbodies aggregatesofviralparticles orvirusinduced proteins
eitherin cytoplasm ornucleus
Intracytoplasmic Negri Rabies
Paschen small
pox
Peterson molluscumcontagiosum
a Intranuclear [Link] ffau iffdeeson
Cowdrytype B in poliovirus
Owl's
eyeinclusion inCMV
5 DogBite Management
I licks on intactskin localwound
IETaao
category
care
ategoayII Minorscratches abrasions [Link]
withoutbleeding 1M 1 1 1 1 Days 0 3,7 14 28
ategory III b
transdermal ites localwoundcare
1 rabiesvaccine
withoozing blood
of RIG
Negaibody usefultoconfirm
postmortem diagnosis
intracytoplasmic eosinophilic
inclusion bodies withbasophilic
inner granules
cerebellum
found in Purkinjecellsof
pyramidal cells ofhipocampus
stain Sellers
3 Veins cellline Tied
1 PurifiedchickembryocellPCC
a poofeed Venocell Pro
Iii HumandiploidcellHDC
humanembryoniclungfibroblast
line
3
Denguefever Influenza Measles
Malaria Chikungunya YellowFever Zika
NSL Ag detection
by ELISA ICT
MACelisa
Plague reduction microneutralization test
RDT fordengueIgMorNf
4 vaccineCainericYellowfever [Link]
IPh
Dengue
3 doses
j0.5mL
[Link]
each s c 6monthintervals
detection
of 3 UTRregionbyrealtin
reconstitution with
RTPCR
NS
SARS
SARS CoV 2 COVID 19virus
HCQ 400mgBD on Day1 400 onceweekly
mg for
next 7 days
COVID vaccine
mode
ofinfectioningestionofmaturegetsthrough badwater
contaminated
Cystsbypass
gastricjuice
[Link]
toreachsmallintestine
Maturecyst
Entamoeba
[Link]
4GG9 proteases
hydrolytic
enzymes
Immature atrophotoite
ye areadeased
histolytica
It
intestine
Encystations
Reachlarge multiply
[Link]
yfeintestnalmucos enteypgatal
invademistinal
[Link] intestine
amoebic formmaturequadrinucleatedcyst
Infective
liver
Iff fi i i
team
Diagnostic seasef
i
abscess
Host onehost man
I Luminalagents Jodo
quinol20days
Tissueagents Metronidazole
of 10days
Paromomycin
s 10days
of tinidazole 3days
Asymptomaticcarriage onlyluminalagents
Amoebicdysentery luminal tissueagents
Amoebic dysentery
Entamoebahistolytica
Intestinalamoebiasis
Fulminant colitis Amoebic appendicitis
Neurocysticercosis
Taeniasolium
intestinal taeniasis
Neuro
cysticercosis larvalstage
of7solium
Definitive host Man
intermediate
ofcontaminatedfoodwater of
rupture eggsinhuman
gut
fi
ingestion
[Link] 9fauae
auto
infection
of
release oncosphere
30 soy
penetration
ascyst larvae varioustissues circulation
deposited
ofintestine
Filariasis
Wachereria bancroft
DEC 6mgkg daily for 12 days
albendazole 400mg BD
for
21 days
ivermectin 0.4mg
kgsingledose
Tx Cutaneouscandidiasis oralcandidiasis
thrush Topicazoles
Esophageal vulvovaginal oral fluconazole
Disseminatedcandidiasis
B ofcapsofungin
liposomalamphotericin
Cglabrata Cauris liposomalamphotericinB
ofcapsofungin
oral Candidiasis
Candidaalbicans
Ctropicalis Cglabrata
C Kausei Cauris
Extremes
ofage infancy oldage C viswanathii
Pregnancy
Diabetesmellitus
steroidtherapy
febrileneutropenia
Post transplantation
HIVinfection iron deficiency
I Cryptococcosiswithoutcns involvement Fluconazole
with CNS involvement HIVinfection
induction phase 2weeks
maintenance
amphotericin B flucytosine
phase tillCD47
[Link] en9ngftiblucona2de
Cryptococcusneoformans
E C gatti
CSF blood skinscraping lumbarpuncture
Advanced HIV infection CDU Tcellcount 200 ML
Hematologic malignancies
Transplant recipients
Immunosuppressive or steroidtherapy
3 If oralteabinafine of itraconazole
skinlesion 1 2weeks
hairinfection 6weeks
onychomycosis 3 months
Deamatophytosis superficialmycosis
Taichophyton rubrum
Pulmonary aspergillosis
Aspergillus fumigatus
A fumigatus Aflavus A niger
Allergicbronchopulmonary aspergillosis ARPA
otitis externa Invasivesinusitis
mycotoxicosis cardiac aspergillosis endocarditis pericarditis
livercarcinoma Brain abscess meningitis
Keratitis endophthalmitis
1786renal
end stage
A
disease
irontherapy
steroidtherapy
neutropenia
Mucormycosis
Mucor racemose
Amphotericin B deoxycholate
Rhizopus arrhizus
Rhizomucoepusillus
Lichthermia corymbifera
Apophysomyceselegans
