NAVODAYA VIDYALAYA SAMITI
HYDERABAD REGION
SECOND PRE BOARD-2025
CLASS – XII SUBJECT: PHYSICS (THEORY) SET-I
Maximum Marks : 70 Time Allowed: 3hour
General Instructions:
(1) There are 33 questions in all. All questions are compulsory.
(2) This question paper has five sections: Section A, Section B, Section C, Section D
and Section E.
(3) All the sections are compulsory.
(4) Section A contains sixteen questions, twelve MCQ and four Assertion Reasoning
based of 1 mark each, Section B contains five questions of two marks each,
Section C contains seven questions of three marks each, Section D contains two
case study based questions of four marks each and Section E contains three long
answer questions of five marks each.
(5) There is no overall choice. However, an internal choice has been provided in one
question in Section B ,one question in Section C, one question in each CBQ in
Section D and all three questions in Section E. You have to attempt only one of the
choices in such questions.
(6) Use of calculators is not allowed.
(7) You may use the following values of physical constants where ever necessary
i. c=3x108m/s
ii. me=9.1x10-31kg
iii. e=1.6x10-19C
iv. µ0=4πx10-7Tm𝑨−𝟏
v. h=6.63x10-34Js
vi. ε0=8.854x10-12𝑪𝟐𝑵−𝟏𝒎−𝟐
vii. Avogadro’s number =6.023X𝟏𝟎𝟐𝟑 per gram mole
SECTION - A
1. Which of the following is not the property of an equipotential surface?
A) They do not cross each other.
B) The work done in carrying a charge from one point to another on an equipotential
surface is zero.
C) For a uniform electric field, they are concentric spheres.
D) They can be imaginary spheres.
2. A conducting wire connects two charged conducting spheres of radius r1 and r2 such that
they attain equilibrium with respect to each other. The distance of separation
between the two spheres is very large as compared to either of their radii.
The ratio of the magnitudes of the electric fields at the surfaces of the two spheres is
(A) 𝑟1/𝑟2 (B) 𝑟2/𝑟1 (C) 𝑟22//𝑟12 (D) 𝑟12/𝑟22
3. The variation of the stopping potential (V0) with the frequency (ʋ) of the incident radiation for
four metals A, B, C, and D is shown in the figure. For the same frequency of incident
radiation producing photo electrons in all metals, the kinetic energy of photo electrons will be
maximum for metal.
(A) A (B) B (C) C (D) D
4. The diagram shows four energy levels of an electron in Bohr model of hydrogen atom.
Identify the transition in which the emitted photo will have the highest energy.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV
5. A beam of electron passes undeflected through mutually perpendicular electric and
magnetic fields. If the electric field is switched off, and the same magnetic field is
maintained, the electrons move
A) In a circular orbit B) along a parabolic path
C) Along a straight line D) in an elliptical orbit.
6. The magnetic susceptibility is negative for
A) Ferromagnetic material only B) paramagnetic and ferromagnetic materials
C) Diamagnetic material only D) paramagnetic material only
7. A moving coil galvanometer of resistance 100ohm is used as an ammeter using a
resistance of 0.1ohm . The maximum deflection current in the galvanometer is 100µ A.
Find the current in the circuit so that the ammeter shows full scale deflection.
A) 100.1mA B) 10.1mA C) 0.1mA D) 100.1A
8. What is the SI unit of magnetic dipole moment?
A) A/m B) A-m C) A-m2 D) A/m2
9. The large scale transmission of electrical energy over long distances is done with the
use of transformers. The voltage output of the generator is stepped-up because of
A) Reduction of current (B) reduction of current and voltage both
C) Power loss Is cut down (D) (a) and (c) both
10. Which of the following is correct related to electromagnetic waves
A) Waves that can travel through vacuum of outer space and do not need the presence of
material medium for transporting energy from one location to another.
B) EM waves are produced by accelerated charged particles.
C) The electric and magnetic fields produced by accelerated charged change with time,
which radiate electromagnetic waves.
D) All of the above.
11. There are two coils A and B as shown in the figure. A current starts flowing in B as shown,
when A is moved towards B and stops when A stops moving. The current in A is counter
clockwise. B is kept stationary when A moves. We can infer that
A) there is a constant current in the counterclockwise direction in A.
B) there is a constant current in the clockwise direction in A.
C) there is a varying current in A.
D) there is no current in A.
12. The energy of an electron in nth or bit of hydrogen atom is En= - 13.6/𝑛2𝑒𝑉.The
negative sign of energy indicates that
A) Electron is free to move.
B) Electron is bound to the nucleus.
C) Kinetic energy of electron is equal to potential energy of electron.
D) Atom is radiating energy.
For Questions 13 to 16, two statements are given –one labeled Assertion (A) and other
labeled Reason (R). Select the correct answer to these questions from the options as
given below.
A) If both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is correct
explanation of Assertion.
B) If both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct
explanation of Assertion.
C) If Assertion is true but Reason is false.
D) If both Assertion and Reason are false.
13. Assertion (A):For the radiation of a frequency greater than the threshold frequency,
photoelectric current is proportional to the intensity of the radiation.
Reason (R) : Greater the number of energy quanta available, greater is the number of
electrons absorbing the energy quanta and greater is number of electrons coming out of the
metal.
14. Assertion (A):Putting p type semiconductor slab directly in physical contact with n
type semiconductor slab cannot form the p-n junction.
Reason(R): The roughness at contact will be much more than inter atomic crystal spacing
and continuous flow of charge carriers is not
15. Assertion(A):The drift velocity of electron in a metallic wire will decrease, if the
temperature of the wire is increased.
Reason(R): On increasing temperature relaxation time of electrons of metallic wire
decreases.
16. Assertion (A) :Propagation of light through an optical fibre is due to total internal
reflection taking place at the core-cladding interface.
Reason (R): Refractive index of the material of the cladding of the optical fibre is greater
than that of the core.
SECTION-B
17. (a)Name the device which utilizes unilateral action of a p-n diode to convert ac into dc.
(b)Draw the circuit diagram of full wave rectifier.
18. An electron is accelerated from rest through a potential difference of V volt. If the de Broglie
Wave length of the electron is 1.227 × 10–2 nm, find the potential difference(V) applied.
19. A ray of monochromatic light passes through an equilateral glass prism in such a way that
the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of emergence and each of these angles is 3/4
times the angle of the prism. Determine the angle of deviation and the refractive index of the
glass prism.
20. a) The internal resistance of a cell of e.m.f. 2 V is 0.1 W. It is connected to a resistance of
3.9 W. The voltage across the cell will be?
b) The potential difference (VA-VB) between the points A and B in the given figure is
21. Find the radius of curvature of the convex surface of a Plano-convex lens whose focal length
is 0.3 m and the refractive index of the material of the lens is 1.5?
OR
Draw the formation of image by an astronomical telescope in near point adjustment.
SECTION-C
22. A given coin has a mass of 3.0g.Calculate the nuclear energy that would be required to
separate all the neutrons and protons from each other. For simplicity assume that the coin is
entirely made of 29𝐶𝑢63 atoms (of mass 62.92960u).
23. In air the electrostatic force on a small 0.4µC charged sphere due to another small -0.8µC
charged sphere is 0.2 N. What is the distance between two spheres?
OR
Two charged conducting spheres of radii ‘a’ and ‘b’ are connected to each other by a wire.
Find the ratio of the electric fields at their surfaces.
24. The total energy of an electron in the first excited state of the hydrogen atom is about
–3.4 eV.
(a) What is the kinetic energy of the electron in this state?
(b) What is the potential energy of the electron in this state?
(c) Which of the answers above would change if the choice of the zero of potential energy is
changed?
25. a) The graph shown here represents the V-I characteristics of a device. Identify the region,
if any, over which this device has a negative resistance.
b. What is the difference between current density and current?
c. Derive the relation between drift velocity and relaxation time.
26. Derive magnetic field at any point on the axis of a current carrying circular loop using
Biot-Savart’s Law.
27. Identify the part of the electromagnetic spectrum which:
a) Produces heating effect,
b) Is absorbed by the ozone layer in the atmosphere,
c) Is used for studying crystal structure.
Write any one method of the production of each of the above radiations.
28. a) Define mutual inductance and write its SI units.
b) Two circular loops, one of small radius r and o the r of large r radius R, such that
R>>r, are placed coaxially with centre s coinciding. Obtain the mutual inductance
of the arrangement.
OR
Two long straight parallel current carrying conductors are kept ‘a’ distant a part in
air. The direction of current in both the conductors is same. Find the magnitude of
force per unit length and direction of the force between them. Hence define one
ampere.
SECTION-D
Case Study Based Questions
29. Read the following paragraph and answer the questions that follow.
A semiconductor diode is basically a p-n junction with metallic contacts provided
at the ends for the application of an external voltage. It is a two terminal device.
When an external voltage is applied across a semiconductor diode such that p-
side is connected to the positive terminal of the battery and n-side to the negative
terminal, it is said to be forward biased. When an external voltage is applied
across the diode such that n-side is positive and p-side is negative, it is said to
be reverse biased. An ideal diode is one whose resistance in forward biasing is
zero and the resistance is infinite in reverse biasing. When the diode is forward
biased, it is found that beyond forward voltage called knee voltage, the
conductivity is very high. When the biasing voltage is more than the knee voltage
the potential barrier is overcome and the current increases rapidly with increase
in forward voltage. When the diode is reverse biased, the reverse bias voltage
produces a very small current about a few microamperes which almost remains
constant with bias. This small current is reverse saturation current.
i. In the given figure, a diode Disconnected to an external resistance R=100and
an emf of 3.5 V. If the barrier potential developed across the diode is 0.5 V, the
current in the circuit will be:
A)40mA (B)20mA (C)35mA (D)30mA
ii. In which of the following figures, the p-n diode is reverse biased?
B) 10v
A) –12V
R
-15v
C) –12V
R
D)
(d) +10V
+5V R
+5v
iii. Based on the V-I characteristics of the diode, we can classify diode as
(a)bi lateral device (b) ohmic device
(c)non-ohmic device (d) passive element
OR
Two identical PN junctions can be connected in series by three different methods as
shown in the figure. If the potential difference in the junctions is the same, then the
correct connections will be
(A) in the circuits(1)and(2) (B)in the circuits(2)and (3)
(C) in the circuits(1)and(3) (D)only in the circuit(1)
iv. The V-I characteristic of a diode is shown in the figure. The ratio of the resistance of
the diode at I = 15 mA to the resistance at V = -10 V is
(A)100 (B) 106 (C)10 (D)10-6
30. A compound microscope is an optical instrument used for observing highly magnified
images of tiny objects. The magnifying power of a compound microscope is defined as
the ratio of the angle subtended at the eye by the final image to the angle subtended at
the eye by the object when both the final image and the object are situated at the least
distance of distinct vision from the eye. It can be given that: m = me × mo, where me is
magnification produced by the eye lens and mo is magnification produced by the
objective lens.
Consider a compound microscope that consists of an objective lens of focal length 2.0
cm and an eyepiece of focal length 6.25 cm separated by a distance of 15 cm
i. The object distance for eye-piece, so that final image is formed at the least distance of
distinct vision, will be
(A) 3.45 cm (B) –5 cm (C) –1.29 cm (D) 2.59 cm
ii. How far from the objective should an object be placed in order to obtain the condition
described in Q above?
(A) 4.5 cm (B) 2.5 cm (C) 1.5 cm (D) 3.0 cm
iii. The intermediate image formed by the objective of a compound microscope is
(A) real, inverted and magnified (B) real, erect, and magnified
(C) virtual, erect and magnified (D) virtual, inverted and magnified.
iv. The magnifying power of a compound microscope increases when
(A) the focal length of objective lens is increased and that of eye lens is decreased.
(B) the focal length of eye lens is increased and that of objective lens is decreased.
(C) focal lengths of both objective and eye-piece are increased.
(D) focal lengths of both objective and eye-piece are decreased.
SECTION-E
31. a). Draw a ray diagram for the formation of image of a point object by a thin double
convex lens having radii of curvature R1 and R2.Hence derive lens maker’s formula.
b). A converging lens has a focal length of 10 cm in air. It is made of a material of
refractive index 1.6. If it is immersed in a liquid of refractive index 1.3, find its new focal
length.
OR
a. Define a wave front. How is it different from a ray? Using Huygens construction of
secondary wavelets draw a diagram showing the passage of a plane wave front from
a denser to a rarer medium. Using it verify Snell’s law.
b. Derive conditions for bright and dark fringes in Young’s double slit experiment.
c. Write two differences between interference pattern and diffraction pattern.
32. a) Derive an expression for the capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor with air present
between the two plates.
b) Obtain the equivalent capacitance of the network shown in figure. For a 300V
supply, determine the charge on each capacitor.
OR
a) A dielectric slab of thickness 't’ is kept between the plates of a parallel plate
capacitor with plate separation ’d’ (t <d). Derive the expression for the capacitance
of the capacitor.
b) A 600 pF capacitor is charged by a 200 V supply. It is then disconnected from the
supply and is connected to another uncharged 600 pF capacitor. How much
electrostatic energy is lost in the process?
33. a) Draw graphs showing the variation s of inductive reactance and capacitive reactance
with frequency of applied ac source.
b) Draw the phasor diagram for a series LRC circuit connected to an AC source
c) When an alternating voltage of 220V is applied across a device X, a current of 0.25A
flows which lags behind the applied voltage in phase by π/2 radian. If the same voltage
is applied across another device Y, the same current flows but now it is in phase with the
applied voltage
a. Name the devices X and Y.
b. Calculate the current flowing in the circuit when the same voltage is
applied across the series combination of X and Y.
OR
a) With the help of a diagram, explain the principle of a device which changes a low
ac voltage into a high voltage. Deduce the expression for the ratio of secondary voltage
to the primary voltage in terms of the ratio of the number of turns of primary and
secondary winding. For an ideal transformer, obtain the ratio of primary and secondary
currents in terms of the ratio of the voltages in the secondary and primary coils.
b) Write any two sources of the energy losses which occur in actual transformers.
c) A step-up transformer converts a low input voltage into a high output voltage.
Does it violate law of conservation of energy? Explain.
