Engineering Drawing — Ii/lEng2[lll

Chapter 1
Introduction to Basic Engineering Drawing

By Tariku D.
Theme! Engineering
February 2021
Outline
‘Ir Introduction
*Z* Classification of drawing
‘-2- Instruments
*2-* Scale
*2* Alphabets of lines
rir Title block
‘Zr lettering

College of Engineering. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Prepared by 1"-*'lr.Tariku Dessie

 Introduction
1. How are you going to explain an object in words‘?
2. How much words do you need to explain the object
completely?
3. How much you are efficient in transferring and
conveying information regarding to the object?
These three main questions raise the development ot
\-

Engineering drawing

College of Engineering. Department of Mechanical Engineelirng, Prepared by Mr. Tnriku Bessie I

Wliat is drawi|1g'.’
rir Drawing is a universal communication media through
which ideas and thoughts are conveyed from one person
to another.
rir It is the art of representation of an object by systematic
lines.
air Also it is a graphical language to exchange ideas so it is a
means of communication.
air It is used for:-Design, construction, maintenance,
installation, etc.

College of Engineerirtg. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Prepared by Mr. Tarilru Dessie I

 Classification of drawing
- Drawing is distinctively ciassified into two major classes known as:
1. Artistic drawing (Free hand)
2. Engineering drawing (Instrumental drawing)
Artistic drawing:
'-/ It gives more emphasis to esthetic vaiue of the object
~/’ It is used to espress beauty, imaginations and abstract ideas
Engineering drawing:
~/' It is a universal communication media through which ideas and
thoughts are conveyed from one person to another.
I it is a language which uses lines, symhols, tiiincnsitms and notations
to accurately describe the form, size, kind of material and finish of a
product or a construction.
It is prepared by using drawing instrument.

College of Engineering. Department of Mechanical Engineelirtg, Prepared by Mr. Tarihu Dessie 3

 Types of Technical/Engineering Drawings
Three Basic Types:
I. Freehand skctchesiDrawing
1’ The lines are sketched without using instruments other
than pencils and erasers.
Example

<*Ifl_!_II*>
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College of Errginecring. Department of Mechanical Engineerirrg, Prepared by Mr. Tarilru Deeeie
 2. Instrument drawing
I Instruments are used to draw straight lines. circles. and
curves concisely and acctrmtcly. Thus, the drawings are
usually made to scale.
Example

a ,_,Iwe 31135

4
T0,;#5later
a ro
EX Fl 9.5

914 FrB.5

-1

-41$
IL I1 I-1

1;-|'—lI

College of Departrnerrt of Mechanical Engineerirq. Prepared by Mr. Tarihu Deerie

 3. Computer aided drawing
The drawings are developed by and usually made by
commercial sofiware such as .-\r|to(.".»"'\l)._ ('.=\Tl.--'\.,
.\'§{_')Lli)‘t-‘i-"(")Rl~i..“i. .--"\NS‘t"S. |i'|'tri;{t1_'~__=ji|rt.*cr'. etc.

E
sample ._

E College of F_1-rginecring. Department of Mechanical Engineering. F'1'eprrretl by Mr. Tariltu [Jessie

Cl Based on the dintension nlthe object
l. Plane geometrical drawing
I lt is art of representation of objects having two dimensions such as rectangle,
square ellipse and etc.
2. Solid geometrical drawing
I lt is art of representation of objects having three dimensions such as prism. cube,
cone, cylinder, sphere and etc.
El Based on Engineering profession drawing can be divided into the t'ol1owing:-
1. Mechanical Engineering drawing or rrrachinc drawing
- lt is art of representation of mechanical engineering objects such as machines and
machine parts, automobiles, airplanes, ships and etc.
2. Civil Engineering drawing
- It is art of representation of civil engineering objects such as roads, buildings,
bridges, dams and etc.
3. Electrical and Electronic engineering drawing
I lt is the art of representation of electrical objects such as electronic circuits,
motors. generators. poles. towers, transformers, wiring diagrams and etc.

College of Engineering. Department of Mechanical Engineering. Prepared by Mr. Tarilru Dess-ie 7

 Principles of Drawing
There are two principles in drawing:-
El Visualization
The ability to see what an object looks like in the mind
ofeye.
El Implementation
Drawing of an object that has been visualized.

Q College of Engineering. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Prepared by Mr. Tarilnr Deesie H

 Elements of Engineering Drawing
Engineering drawing are made up of graphics iongrroge
and word language.

Graphics
language ,. .- 1g -
Describe a shape = as o 5
(mainly), -- ' - IQ)! _
in Gi} l,‘ ---arrr=rs.s

** o to -.
o re -._ '~
"M. " '
_®

. . .
Dcscrrbc size, location and _ |__!__|
s ©1 :_;_:
at1'
specification of the object. _

College of Engineering. Department ol‘ Mechanical Engineerirrg, Prepared by Mr. Tarilnr Deesie
 Drawing Instruments
Drawing Instruments
I ln engineering drawing any object is represented by straight lines
andfor curves. These lines should be drawn as accurate as possible
by the help of drawing instruments.
I Quality ofa drawing depends to a large extent on the quality .
adjustment, proper use and care of drawing instruments.

E College of Engineering. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Prepared by Mr. Tarilnr Dessie I

C0nt.. . .
List of drawing instruments

I Drawing board Erasing shield

I T-square Triangle (Set-square)
I Drawing sheets {45‘"' and 30" - 60“)
I Drafting pencils French curve
I Pencil sharpener Drawing instrument set
(Compass, Divider,
I Lettering instrument
extensions)
I Eraser
Protractor

College of Deprrrtrnent of Mechanical Engineering. Prepared by Mr. Tarihu Deerie

 Drawing bu:-1rd
I Drawing tables come in many different size '
and design. ll could be Fmenl, |mm1t_~l¢-, [
ad_il1rnah|c.etc. H

I They are used to attach drawing sheet. . * '

. .' -- —e-"_'__».1:_-w
Note that:- t '*—--____1__ ,-*
___‘__

I Rucp 3-'uu1' d1'am"ing tuhlc clean and dry nul ______

"" —- -_.n
lu a|l'[Lw.:-I _yuL|1' d1'a|wi|1_:_g qL|;1Iit},-'.

I Du|1‘1 L11-u: blades to cut d|111'1ing 1El|]ILIH- on

:J|'aw~.-'ing Lublrr.

Cullcgr: of Enginecring. Dcp=url:n1:nlufMccha1\ir:ul Engine-u'irn;g, Prcparud by Mr. Tnriku Dcssie II

 T-Square
I They can be rnade from different materials, mostly from u l.J1.‘lLl
or plastics.
I Parts: blade and licatl
I Two edges ofthe blade should be parallel.
I The head is fixed at tJt)"’ to the blade
I The cleanness of your T —square greatly affect your drawing
quality and cleanliness.

'll‘l ‘-I'll
.-

..n ...|
i .r
...r'...- . . ., . .-

>
" ‘I .--:"' ._

College of Engineering. Department of Mechanical Engineering. Prepared by Mr. Teriltu Bessie

 Drawing sheet
I Made fi'om difiierent materials with different quality.
I Paper, tracing paper, vellum, tracing cloth, glass cloth or filrn
I Drawing sheets will determine selection of pencil grade.

W‘
Standard drawing sheet size
A5 148 at 210 mm
A-4 210 zs 29? mm
A3 297 X 420 mm A2
A2 420 at 594 mm
AI 594 at S41 nnn A1
AD 34] at H89 mm

AD

E College of Engineering. Department of Meehaaticel Engineering. Prepared by Mr. Teriltu Bessie

 I Orientation of drawing sheet
1- Tree X (AW-A3) 2. Type Y (A4 only}
U3
T ll
4
do 4.
. -g.l-1 G

a
---r or-— Drewin s ace -—-H ----
C -
Brawl"? .
5t1"'°'E-'*' 9 F’ Spafla Title block
5"‘-'9-‘S Title block ,_ -'
L j.
oi
Sheet size c (mm) d (mm)
A4 5 20
A3 5 20
A2 5 20
A1 10 20
AD 10 20
E College of Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Prepared by Mr. Tarilo.| Bessie I5
 Set squareftriangles
I Inclined lines are drawn at standard angles using the 45° at
45“ and the 30° x. 60“ triangles.
I Used to draw parallel and perpendicular lines accordingly.

I '—T-_:_—'_:—__—__:' _— _:
. - - .;--
-.-:-:-.-‘--‘
_ ;_;___:___:_:I_;:_.; 3...-1' .-»- E - —-
Q:-._.-: :_ _.__.--' ---
T

_- ,| . _,.||.-_;_.-|._-| -- || 1- _ -"Ir i-.|-|| --I |-| |.--'|.'.

_., , ,.,_|-,_,| _- .|...-|- |.|| .|-1.-

Ifa I r‘-I

_-- - _.-;I-'_.
.--:-1-:1-"
_.--' _.-5'."-_.‘Z-"
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_=_-:2;-.'--' _
~,_

I-'|I' -It-|I|-'-r-I" -'|-tr - ' I-It --|||||p||-.' .|-I -r-||.'- -.-

|-rn: '-r ||'e||||u | |"--| ||---||||-|--||-.-

_'__r__ ta
_ I ' .,] ‘,5 '\I'1.'I'|ITI|:..l"l\L

-- .- .I>==I"“\.

-= *-1.e’_—‘§‘._:'-,; '??‘ _:jriii-_';

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--I . I111‘ II II-'_lI.;-I_I||l' . .- .-.| .| .-.| . ||-| ||- -...' -'.| ' "““"""““‘l "F"
I-|| l|-I --.I Ill. .- ll .| - -----|- .||||-.|-1|-|-.1 \,|| ;- |_|- -
_ . . ,. _ ,_.._ , ,.

College of Department of Mechanical Engineering. Prepared by Mr. Taritu Danie I it

 Drawing pencils
I Most drawing pencil leads are made from graphite
and mixture of varying quantity ofclay.

I 6B(softest and blackest) I H (medium hard)

I 5B(estremely soft) I 2H (hard)
I 4B extra soft) I 3H (hard, plus)
I 3B (very soft) I 4H (very hard)
I 2B (soft, plus) I SH (extra hard)
I B (soft) I 6H (extra hard, plus)
I HB (medium soft) I ?H (estremelyhard)
I F (intermediate, between I SH (extremely hard,
soft and hard) plus)
I 9H (Hardest)

College of Engineering. Departrnent of Mechanical Engineering, Prepared by Mr. Tariku Dessie

I Sclcction of drawing pencil

I’ Type and quality ofdrawing paper

I’ How thicl-=; and dark you want the line to be.

I Pencil lincs sltonltl he clcan anti §_l1_:__1m. T'ltc}-'1nttst in: tlarlt cnouglt for thc
t icws to he sccit n licn thc stamlatttl lincs arc tli'4tvm.

I Ifyou use too much prcssurc, '_vou will groove thc drawing surface. You can
avoid this if you use proper gradc of lcad.

If Semi-automatic Pencils {having lead holder) are more convenient than

ordinary wood pencils.

ii i =:.
—. 1;rIrtI---:- __
_-_II1 zine

Al.llClITl3llI5 Pencil

College of Engineering. Departrnent of Mechanical Engineering. Prepared by Mr. Tariltu Dessie

 Protractors
*1’ Are used for measuring and laying off angles other than those that
may be drawn by set squares.
I" Protractors are used to mark or measure angles between O -l 80"
(halfcircle) and ll - 360“ (full circle).

‘I:
‘I N
J’

r '|- In I

| .r-..r..rl'l'.“'t“..l1T£."r...:..re "re
Hall-Circle
iii 11-
-|'|-

“"-
Fall-Circle

Prolraetors

College of Engineering. Depanrrnent of Mechanical Engineering, Prepared by Mr. Tariltu Dessie i

 Compass and divider
5'-I Compass : Used to draw circles and arcs.
is For a small circle, standard ( bow) compass is used.
lie For a large circle beam compass are used
13> Distances are subdivided and measurements are transferred with
dividers.

College of Engineering. Bepartrnent of Mechanical Engineering, Prepared by Mr. Tariku Bessie

 Eraser
I Extra lines and lines drawn by mistake are canceled
by using eraser made of rubber material.

5:.‘ in
q.|Iu.|I-rvr
R-
_ _ r .--_-,
“t

as
Erasers

College of Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Prepared by Mr. Tariltu Bessie

 Templates
I’ Saves a great deal oftime.
'1’ Helps to draw circles, ellipses. squares, bolts heads, nuts,
electrical symbols, architectural symbols, plumbing symbols and
so on (of smaller size).

'%_ _
aI-was-areal.
|.___jp-lgI_Iq_l-!-ma-|_|-,-|_-.-.-_-_-;I ___.r '-':'t.'.t:::.'.'..-=:"'I:‘;-.Ta
.-‘-- ---'--_

Templates

CollegeofEnghwfing,DepwmmtofMmhmduJEngimu'iog,HmucdbyhhTuiuBlflk Z2
 French Curve
I Also called irregular curves
I Used to draw t.‘t||'t-"cs other than circles and circular arcs.
I French curves are used to draw irregular curves which are
impossible to draw using compass.

4 \:\

4‘

Irregular Curves
College of Engineering. Depnrtntern of Mechanical Engineering. Prepared by Mr. Tariltu Bessie I3
 Drawing Scales
I/' Seale:- is the ratio ofthe linear dimension of an element of an
object shown in the drawing to the real linear dimensitfm of the
same element ofthe object.
Size in drawing Actual sir-:e
F

O _,_
I . l
l

College of Engineering. Depanrrnent of Mechanical Engineering, Prepared by Mr. Tariltu Bessie

Cont.....
I Designation ofa scale consists ofthe word “SL".a\l.l'i"
followed by the indication of its ratio, as follow

SCALE l:l for full size

SCALE Xzl for enlargement scales (X is l)
SCALE l:X for reduction scales (X l‘-=- 1)

E College of Engineering. Department of lttlechani-cal Engineering. Prepared by Mr. Tariltu Bessie 1 It

 Alphabet of Lines

I’ Alphabet oflines is the list oflines symbols, used to

represent the shape and describe the size of an object.
It’ Each lines is drawn at different lr-it_'i~.:'rt_~sI; or -~
for contrast.
It’ The weight of the line refers to its thickness or width.
/ Lines are divided into three weights: thiclt, ‘-|..-r-
: and thin litres.

College of Engineering. Departrrnent of Mechanical Engineering. Prepared by Mr. Tarilru Bessie I fr

 g Types of lines
1. Construction lines:
~/ Thin lines, used to lay out drafting sheets and drawing;
If 41-1 to 6H pencil with a sharp, conical point should be used.

2. Visible or Object lines:

I Are solid and thick lines, used to indicate visible surfaces and
edge ofan object or a view.
I 2H or El are used.

College of Engineering. Department of Mechanical Engineering. Prepared by Mr. Tariltu Bessie I '7'
3. Hidden lines:
I Used to indicate interior or inside edges, non-visible surfaces
and hollow areas of an object;
I Are medium weight short dashes and drawn with lmm gaps and
3mm long dashes; mm
I 2H lead is used. i l‘ _ l_rrurr
4. Centre lines:
I’ Used to indicate the centre of circle. arc. or any symmetric
object;
I’ Are thin litres. consisting ofalternating and evenly spaced long
and short dashes. with long dashes at each ends:
II’ At intersection point, centre lines should be drawn as short
_m_m :1 llt-Htrnrrn F

II’ 4|-l lead rs used. i

II 4-------
tnun

College of Engineering. Department of Mechanical Engineering. Prepared by Mr. Taritu Brew-ie 13

5. Symmetry lines:
I Are used wltcn partial view trfsy'rrrrrtet|‘lcal parts are drawn:
I It is a centre line with two thick short parallel litres drawn at right angels to it
at both sides:
I 4ll lead is rrscd.

6. Extension lines:
If Are thin and unbroken litres
If Arc used to estcrrd dimensions beyond the outline of view.
If They are drawn parallel to each other and perpendicular to distance to be
slrowrrtdinrension litres;
It’ 4H lead is used.
leader line

45mm
-a
_!_

Dirrrensinrr Line E‘lun5ii'

College of Department of Mechanical Engineering. Prepared by Mr. Taritu Beiie 1‘)

7. Dimension lines:
1/ Thin unbroken lines, inserted between each pair of extension
lines to define the size and location;
-/' All arrow heads in a drawing should be uniform in size and
style;
r’ Leatler lines: Medium line with arrowhead to show notes or
label for size or special information about a feature.
v’ 4H to 6H pencil with a sharp, conical point should be used
v’ Leader lines are also used for dimensioning features of an
objects.

College of Engineering. Depurm1:nloI‘Mechenieul Engine-eriri;g, Prepared by Mr. Tariku Bessie

3. {at Viewing Plane lines:
W Are thick lines. used to indicate the direction of the plane from which a surface is
viewed:
1" EH or B are used.
{[1} Cutting Plane lines:
\"' Used to indicate the location olicutting plane From which a sectional view is tal-zen;
T Dark thick lines and composed of one long and two short dashes spaced alternatively
~"' They can also be drawn composed of equal dashes approsiinately omm long and
|.5|nm gap between dash;
4' 2H lead is used.

tfiap !|.fi:||-in
l l 1-‘.h-on dasli-'-3-I1-on
Long t.|lL‘i-ll‘ ll'l to .1t':|11rr|
A A

I I fiup= Liilitln
_ _ _ |.1asl1=1’imrn
UR A A

E College of Engineering. Department of Meelumieel Engineerirtg, Prepared by Mr. Tariku Bessie 3I

9. Section lines:
I Thin lines, used to show the cut surlace of an object in sectional view;
I Should he equally spaced and proportional to the mass of the sectioned surface:

fllll
I El-I is used. |-

mp
I ad’ JFK-

I'll. Break lines:

I Are used to shorten the view of long uniform sections or to show partial section
views;
I 2H or B are used.

i ‘Ht; ""l|,,|I -Iii‘-1-_ *

thln thick

College of Engineering. Department of Mechanical Engineering. Prepared by Mt. Tuitu Denie 3Z

ll. Phantom lines:
v’ Thin lines used to indicate an alternate position ofa moving part
adjacent position of related parts. and repetitive detail;
~/ The part in one position is drawn in full lines. while in the
alternative position, it is drawn with phantom lines;
If lead is used‘ Lo|1gdnsl1=lS-3o-nttnm '-
Sltort tlash= .1-mm
titan-= I .5tunt

12. Chain lines:

I Consisting ofthick. alternating long and short dashes
I Show that a surface or surface zone receive additional treatment;
I 4H to 6H pencil with a sharp. conical point should he used.
Long dush= ltl~.'£tlntrnnt
_ _ 5-hurt tlash= Llntm
€.i|.1p= l .5-tnm

College of Engineering. Department of Mechanical Engineering. Prepared by Mr. Tariltu Dessie 33

 1 1

*'“‘l|tll‘ ‘ ‘I irnm
CENTER- THIH VISIBLE LINE - '|'l'IlCl'i

av t 1
snonrsestsuns-nuts 33_ll'_ ‘lil-
_ _ sim-
ii‘ ‘ii |oDtJEHLsHE -not
*‘v W‘ ‘““‘
LUNG BREIK LHE - THlH 1 1

Flllill ' |
omission r Extension use - n-an u_m,HE HARE LIME _ 1-Hm
Qmrn
SECTIIII-I LINE - Tl-IN

1
mono!-ll LIME - n-on
l... _*jl;_iil_._-....
CUTTING PLMIE LINE - Ti-||C-K

__ _ _ _3l'|'I'.t'| i _- i —- i _- i|.Et1'I.'t'|

STITCH Lihf —TH|H El-liltlli IJHE — THPCIII

'|'l"llC-l'i.'5rr'rI1
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jmrn
STITCH LINE - 11-|tr~| svnusrav LINE ll‘ T"‘"" 3-"""

Q College of Engineering. Department of Mechanical Engineering. Prepared by Mt. Tetihu Denie

 l£1ta:ti|ilt~ : Line conventions in engineering drawing

Dimension line

' Extension line

HB F//D {Thin}
I .
Leader line
t‘l'hint

' Center line

Uhinl

Visible line ,
fl'hl¢l<l

Q College of Engineering. Department of Mechanical Engineering. Prepared by Mr. Tariku Dessie

 Title Block
I The title block is part of the drawing on which differeitt descriptions
of the drawing are written.
-a.

I Diffe1'ent companies and organizations may have their own style oi

title block.
The conventional one includes the following:
. . rt. l -
I. lttle otDrawutg I5-I

E.
. -
Drttw|ng|1tt1nl‘1et'
- - " '1
3. '
Scale oftlrawing ‘§,‘{‘§}§§ TITLE _ I
- cuss; unt_;:~.'o: SCALE
4. it-1"liF_ '"'
cttot o pro_|cct1on "'v --
sou. vo- ~ ~-.
g C] - Q '|I
_ . . __ _.vH>a'='_.
J. l\h-uneol thclinn _ ._. “.l_"i"i“"-"_i_l' _ 5"_._ _"_ .5'" ,-_._ . . .|_

s. Initials ofthe Staff who have designed. checked and approved.

College of Department of Mechanical Engineeritq. Prepared by Mr. Tarihu Danie F-ti

 Precedence of Lines
When a visible line coincide with a hidden line or center
line, draw the visible line. also, extend the center line
beyond the outlines of the view.
When a hidden line coincides with a center line. draw the
hidden line.
When a visible line coincides with a cutting plane, draw
the visible line.
When a center line coincides with a cutting plane, draw
the center line and show the cutting plane line outside the
outlines of the view at the ends of the center line by thick
dashes.

College of Engineering. Department of Mechanical Engineering. Prepared by Mr. Tariltu Dessie 3'?
Dimensioning
I The expression ofthe features on a drawing. using lines. symbols.
figures and notes.

Principles of Dimensioning

r All dimensional information necessary to describe a component

cleariy and completely shall be written directly on a drawing.

- Features shall be dimensioned once only on a drawing not be

repeated in another view.
' Dimension should be placed on the view where the shape is best
seen.

r Dimensions should be placed outside the view

College of Engineering. Department of Mechanical Engineering. Prepared by Mr. Tariku Dessie 33
I Dimensions should be taken from visible outlines rather than from
hidden lines.

I Dimensions should be expressed in one unit only preferably in

millimeters, without showing the unit symbol (mm).

Arranpement of Dimensions

Dimensions are arranged in 3 ways:-

~"’ Chain dimensioning

*1’ Parallel dimensioning

1/ Combined dimensioning.

Q College of Engineering. Department of Mechanical Engineering. Prepared by Mr. Tariku Dessie 3J

I A drawing without ‘lettering’ would only communicate the
appearance and ;;li_i_i_pp of an object.
I The size ofthe object. the location of features and the materials
needed to make the object can only he expressed by words which
must be lettered in El and t|_|__1__il lprn_1_ st),-;'_l_1.f_.

I Gothic style is the standard style of lettering for engineering

drawing.

There are two types ot"lettering:-

Y’ Vertical lettering and

v’ Inclined lettering (67.5 degee from horizontal)

College ofEnginee|'ing. Departmentot‘Mechanical Engineering. PrepareclbyMr.TuikuDcflie 4|
 Rules for lettering
l. Use single stroke. vertical. evenly spaced gothic
lettering
2. Use upper case letters only
3. Always skip a space bin rows of words about 3mm
4. Uniform lettering height (normal lettering height is 2.5,
3.5. 5. 7 mm)
5. Use very light guide lines
I lettering composition means arrangements of
words and lines with letters of the right style and
SIZE.

College of Engineering. Department of Mechanical Engineering. Prepared by Mr. Tariltu Dessie '-ll
 Basic Strokes

Straight Slanted Horizontal z Curved

l \/ —' C)
Examples 1 Application of basic stroke
ii 5

“l"letter 1 "A" letter 1 2 “B“letter 1

__§_.
2?.
'I'l"Q'l'l

College of Engineering. Dcparunent of Mechanical El1gil'icI‘:l'ing_ Prepared by Mr. Tariltu Dessie

 Upper-case letters & Numerals
"i ___
sew ‘
and
inclinedline '
l H.”
W li :"~*- ~
_ t
lg-ttgfg .. . L. .. = L . . E -‘ l._i fl - . ". 1 .
"J ;,.-it ' .4 ' ' -C‘-/it ; /fa; Ft t !‘*~t
‘ti | 1 - : . . | Iv
. . . | " l ' v -
: =i \:. . . . : t Y‘ - -it
. . . 1

'_-
_ t---.___ ___--- :--,‘_ ‘__.-| a-.\_
i __|__.-| -..‘ I
’ —-._‘ _
, y’ - i. ""-t_| . "‘\,__l. . . t '. ' .. . .

I". fl :'-.. I I I L1 ,|-'-I I l 'i .r'r ' I _.-I at . I .1]

letters . -r ""'--a - is-"~-l-' -_-.-5”" ii“.--1-at ‘*---
i" " ‘ "_-- '
.
Curved ltne 1
‘It' it
:j___.I
-fl; Q‘.
Q1:-
lettersdt __ l fl _ _ __
Numerals .

E College of Engineering. Department of Mechanical Engineering. Prepared by Mr. Tarihu Dcssie '-l4
 Stroke Sequence

E H T
_. _ -..
1

-
_
1-

1.

1-
.
1-

1-

_1_
-.

.
1._1.

1-1..

1_.,.
. -.

College of Engineering. Department of Mechanical Engineering. Prepanedby Mr. Talihu Dessie

 Suggested Strokes Sequence
Lower-case letters
I.
I-or
T
--up

I
t-i
_ :—
cc}; .-
_T
I

E!_i— A W. _ ' ' ' _ L

:1
I:r : -.=- -HIEEEE‘H5225: _ -"ii‘EIi;_- -FEE?
rt ‘rt-"=='=1‘=l.i i:"-i.i IIII,.3I-:"-rig"Ira1_;;%-si
QQZQEY __?
. .|____-:-
_.liI
-L ' ‘;e§',_.5 . l§.ll.r§lrfti r>;t-.:i-ltH;l_-el~_
. .T"‘f
-r--r—r- L.iii: i 1. In -1;
,~
_1_
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E College of Engineering. Department of Mechanical Engineering. Prepared by Mr. Tarihu Dess-ie
 Stroke Sequence

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College of Department of Mechanical Engineering. Prepared by Mr. Tarihrr Danie

F.xarrr|)le : Good and Poor Lettering

ESTIMATE GOOD

Esrllx/|ctTE Not ttniform in style.

ESTIVAIE Not uniform in height.

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EST/l\/ATE Not unitbrmly vertical or inclined.
ESTl\/ ATE
EST \/ATE Not uniform in thickness of stroke
EST'l\/IATE
ESTMATE Area between letters not uniform.
AEI_lT"r" WILL I“-EVEFI CATCH LIFI
INITI-I THE DEMAND F'IDF-." IT Area between words not ttniform.
College of Engineering. Department of Mechanical Engineering. Prepared by Mr. Tarilru Dessie
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