Human Reproduction 1

Human Reproduction
“This question bank includes previous years' CUET and CBSE MCQs, along with questions curated by
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1. Match List - I with List - II.

List - I List - II
(A) Prostate gland (I) Store and transport sperms
(B) Leydig cells (II) Male external genitilia
(C) Ejaculatory duct (III) Male accessory gland
(D) Penis (IV) Testicular hormones

Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

(a) (A) - (III), (B) - (IV), (C) - (I), (D) - (II) (b) (A) - (IV), (B) - (III), (C) - (I), (D) - (II)
(c) (A) - (I), (B) - (III), (C) - (IV), (D) - (II) (d) (A) - (IV), (B) - (II), (C) - (III), (D) - (I)

2. Match List I with List II.

List – I List – II
A. Ampulla I. Present at the upper part of labia minora
B. Fimbriae II. Along with the vagina is birth canal
C. Clitoris III. Site of fertilisation
D. Cervical Canal IV. Helps in the collection of ovum after ovulation

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) A-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III (b) A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II
(c) A-I, B-II, C-IV, D-III (d) A-II, B-III, C-I, D-IV

3. Select the correct statement/s from the following:

A. Spermatogonia always undergo meiotic cell division.

B. Primary spermatocytes divide by mitotic cell division.
C. Secondary spermatocytes have 23 chromosomes and undergo second meiotic division
D. Spermatozoa are transformed into spermatids.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) A and C only (b) C only (c) D only (d) B and C only

4. Which of the following statements are correct about the structure of a sperm?

A. It is composed of head, thorax, neck and tail.

B. The neck region contains a lot of mitochondria.
C. The mitochondria produces energy for the movement of tail
D. The tail facilitate sperm motility essential for fertilisation

Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

(a) A and B only (b) B and C only (c) C and D only (d) B and D only
 2 Human Reproduction

5. In humans, female, oogenesis is initiated __________.

(a) During embryonic development (b) At puberty

(c) After birth (d) After 18 years of age

6. The part of the human sperm that helps in the fertilization of the ovum is a cap-like structure called

(a) Head (b) Acrosome (c) Middle piece (d) Tail

7. Given below are two statements: one is labeled as Assertion A and the other is labeled as Reason R.

Assertion A: Leydig cells synthesize and secrete male testicular hormones called androgens.
Reason R: Androgens, stimulate the process of spermatogenesis.

In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

(a) Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A

(b) Both A and R are correct and R is NOT the correct explanation of A
(c) A is correct but R is not correct
(d) A is not correct but R is correct

8. Sequentially arrange the developmental stages of human spermatozoan:

(A) Secondary Spermatocyte (B) Spermatid

(C) Spermatozoa (D) Spermatogonia
(E) Primary spermatocytes

Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

(a) (E), (A), (D), (B), (C) (b) (E), (A), (D), (C), (B)
(c) (E), (A), (C), (D), (B) (d) (D), (E), (A), (B), (C)

9. Match List – I with List – II.

List – I List – I
(A) Ovulatory phase (I) Proliferative phase
(B) Follicular phase (II Both LH and FSH attain a peak level
(C) Luteal phase (III) Breakdown of endometrial lining of uterus and its blood vessels
(D) Menstrual phase (IV) Secretory phase

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) (A) – (IV), (B) – (II), (C) – (III), (D) – (I) (b) (A) – (II), (B) – (IV), (C) – (III), (D) – (I)
(c) (A) – (I), (B) – (II), (C) – (III), (D) – (IV) (d) (A) – (II), (B) – (I), (C) – (IV), (D) – (III)

10. Arrange the following events in the female reproductive cycle in their natural sequence.

A. Ovulation B. Growth of corpus luteum

C. Sudden increase in the level of LH D. Secretion of FSH
E. Growth of ovarian follicle and oogenesis

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) E - D - A - B - C (b) D - E - C - A - B (c) E - C - A - D - B (d) D - A - C - E - B

 Human Reproduction 3

11. The Graafian follicle ruptures to release the ovum from the ovary by a process called

(a) Ovulation (b) Menstruation (c) Implantation (d) Copulation

12. Arrange the following events in correct sequence.

A. Formation of zygote B. Formation of blastocyst

C. Implantation D. Formation of morula

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) A, D, B, C (b) A, B, D, C (c) A, B, C, D (d) C, D, B, A

13. Write the steps in sequential order from fertilisation to implantation–

(A) Mitosis in zygote

(B) Embedding of blastocyst in endometrium
(C) Formation of blastocyst from morula
(D) Male gamete and secondary oocyte fuses to form zygote
(E) Formation of morula

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) (A), (E), (D), (B), (C) (b) (D), (E), (A), (C), (B)
(c) (A), (B), (E), (D), (C) (d) (D), (A), (E), (C), (B)

14. Which of the following gets embedded in the endometrium during implantation?

(a) Zygote (b) Morula (c) Blastocyst (d) Embryo

15. The embryo with 8 to 16 blastomeres is called _______

(a) Morula (b) Blastula (c) Zygote (d) Foetus

16. Layers surrounding the ovum from outside to inside are

A. Zona pellucida
B. Vitelline membrane
C. Corona radiata

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) A, C, B (b) С, В, А (c) C, A, B (d) A, B, C

17. Which part of the sperm help in its entry into the cytoplasm of the ovum?

(a) Plasma membrane (b) Nucleus (c) Neck (d) Acrosome

18. Select the correct statements regarding menstrual cycle in human female:

(A) The first menstruation begins at puberty and is called menopause.

(B) The ovulation takes place in the middle of cycle (about 14th day), when the level of progesterone
is at maximum level.
 4 Human Reproduction

(C) In absence of fertilisation, the corpus luteum degenerates which causes the disintegration of
endometrium leading to menstruation.
(D) In human beings, menstrual cycle ceases around 50 years of age.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) (A) and (B) only (b) (B) and (D) only (c) (A) and (C) only (d) (C) and (D) only

19. Select the hormone which is not secreted by human placenta?

(a) Estrogen (b) Progestogen

(c) Human chorionic gonadotropin (d) Luteinising hormone

20. Arrange the following events chronologically as they occur during embryonic development.

(A) Appearance of heart sounds. (B) Development of limbs and digits.

(C) Formation of three primary germ layers. (D) Separation of eyelids.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) (A), (B), (D), (C) (b) (C), (A), (B), (D) (c) (C), (A), (D), (B) (d) (A), (C), (B), (D)

21. Match List – I with List – II.

List – I (Hormone) List – II (Secreted from)

A. FSH I. Corpus luteum
B. Relaxin II. Placenta
C. hCG and hPL III. Ovary
D. Progesterone IV. Pituitary

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) A – I, B – II, C – III, D – IV (b) A – II, B – I, C – III, D – IV

(c) A – III, B – II, C – IV, D – I (d) A – IV, B – III, C – II, D – I

22. Select the hormones produced in women only during pregnancy

A. Estrogen B. Human chorionic gonadotropin

C. Progesterone D. Human placental lactogen
E. Relaxin

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) B and D only (b) B and E only (c) A, B and C only (d) B, D and E only

23. In humans females at the time of birth, the stage of the cell cycle of the oocyte is

(a) Prophase-I (b) Prophase-II (c) Meiosis-II (d) Mitosis

24. Which of the following hormone is not produced by placenta?

(a) hCG (b) hPL (c) Estrogen (d) Androgens

 Human Reproduction 5

25. The parturition is induced by a complex neuroendocrine mechanism. Which of the following hormone
is not involved in this process?

(a) Estrogen (b) Cortisol (c) Oxytocin (d) Melanin

26. Identify the statements which are correct with respect to lactation.

A. It helps the mother in feeding new born.

B. It is triggered by foetal ejection reflex.
C. Mammary glands start producing milk towards the end of pregnancy.
D. Colostrum milk is rich in antigens.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) A, B, C only (b) B, C only (c) B, C, D only (d) A, C only

27. Foetal ejection reflex triggers the release of:

(a) Cortisol (b) Oxytocin (c) Colostrum (d) Vasopressin

28. Parturition is the:

(a) End of pregnancy (b) Delivery of the foetus

(c) Movements of the foetus during pregnancy (d) Distension of uterus

29. Identify the correct statements.

A. Oogenesis is initiated at puberty

B. Second meiotic division in secondary oocyte occurs in the ovary
C. Middle piece of sperm provides energy for movement
D. Fertilization of gametes occurs in the ampulla isthmic region of the oviduct
E. Myometrium helps in muscular contractions of the uterus

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) A, D, E only (b) A, B, D only (c) B, C, D only (d) C, D, E only

30. Spot the odd one out from the following structures with reference to the male reproductive system:

(a) Rete testis (b) Epididymis (c) Vasa efferentia (d) Isthmus

31. Seminal plasma, the fluid part of semen, is contributed by.

i. Seminal vesicle ii. Prostate gland iii. Urethra iv. Bulbourethral gland

(a) i and ii (b) i, ii and iv (c) ii, iii and iv (d) i and iv

32. Which one of the following is not a male accessory gland?

(a) Seminal vesicle (b) Ampulla (c) Prostate (d) Bulbourethral gland

33. The vas deferens receives duct from the seminal vesicle and opens into urethra as:

(a) Epididymis (b) Ejaculatory duct (c) Efferent ductile (d) Ureter
 6 Human Reproduction

34. Urethral meatus refers to the:

(a) Urinogenital duct (b) Opening of vas deferens into urethra

(c) External opening of the urinogenital duct (d) Muscles surrounding the urinogenial duct

35. Identify the odd one from the following:

(a) Labia minora (b) Fimbriae (c) Infundibulum (d) Isthmus

36. Which one of the following is not a male accessory gland?

(a) Seminal vesicle (b) Ampulla (c) Prostate (d) Bulbourethral gland

37. The spermatogonia undergo division to produce sperms by the process of spermatogenesis. Choose
the correct one with reference to above.

(a) Spermatogonia have 46 chromosomes and always undergo meiotic cell division
(b) Primary spermatocytes divide by mitotic cell division
(c) Secondary spermatocytes have 23 chromosomes and undergo second meiotic division
(d) Spermatozoa are transformed into spermatids

38. Match between the following representing parts of the sperm and their functions and choose the
correct option.

Column - I Column - II
A. Head i. Enzymes
B. Middle piece ii. Sperm motility
C. Acrosome iii. Energy
D. Tail iv. Genetic material

(a) A-ii, B-iv, C-i, D-iii (b) A-iv, B-iii, C-i, D-ii
(c) A-iv, B-i, C-ii, D-iii (d) A-ii, B-i, C-iii, D-iv

39. Which among the following has 23 chromosomes?

(a) Spermatogonia (b) Zygote (c) Secondary oöcyte (d) Oögonia

40. Spermiation is the process of the release of sperms from:

(a) Seminiferous tubules (b) Vas deferens

(c) Epididymis (d) Prostate gland

41. Mature Graafian follicle is generally present in the ovary of a healthy human female around:

(a) 5 – 8 day of menstrual cycle (b) 11 – 17 day of menstrual cycle

(c) 18 – 23 day of menstrual cycle (d) 24 – 28 day of menstrual cycle

42. The membranous cover of the ovum at ovulation is:

(a) Corona radiata (b) Zona radiata (c) Zona pellucida (d) Chorion
 Human Reproduction 7

43. Acrosomal reaction of the sperm occurs due to:

(a) Its contact with zona pellucida of the ova

(b) Reactions within the uterine environment of the female
(c) Reactions within the epididymal environment of the male
(d) Androgens produced in the uterus

44. Match the following and choose the correct options:

Column I Column II
A. Trophoblast i. Embedding of blastocyst in the endometrium
B. Cleavage ii. Group of cells that would differentiate as embryo
C. Inner cell mass iii. Outer layer of blastocyst attached to the endometrium
D. Implantation iv. Mitotic division of zygote

(a) A-ii, B-i, C-iii, D-iv (b) A-iii, B-iv, C-ii, D-i
(c) A-iii, B-i, C-ii, D-iv (d) A-ii, B-iv, C-iii, D-i

45. Which of the following hormones is not secreted by human placenta?

(a) hCG (b) Estrogens (c) Progesterone (d) LH

46. Morula is a developmental stage:

(a) Between the zygote and blastocyst (b) Between the blastocyst and gastrula
(c) After the implantation (d) Between implantation and parturition

47. Choose the incorrect statement from the following:

(a) In birds and mammals internal fertilisation takes place

(b) Colostrum contains antibodies and nutrients
(c) Polyspermy in mammals is prevented by the chemical changes in the egg surface
(d) In the human female implantation occurs almost seven days after fertilization

48. Identify the correct statement from the following:

(a) High levels of estrogen triggers the ovulatory surge.

(b) Oogonial cells start to proliferate and give rise to functional ova in regular cycles from puberty
onwards.
(c) Sperms released from seminiferous tubules are highly motile.
(d) Progesterone level is high during the post ovulatory phase of menstrual cycle.

49. A primary spermatocyte and a primary oocyte result in the formation of how many mature sperms and
ovum respectively?

(a) One, One (b) 2, 1 (c) 4, 1 (d) 4, 2

50. A blastocyst is formed during the post-fertilization event. The outermost layer that covered the
blastocyst is a :

(a) ectoderm in origin (b) Epidermis

(c) mesodermal on origin (d) trophoblast
8 Human Reproduction

Answer Key
Q. No Key Explanation
1. A
List - I List - II
Prostate gland Male accessory gland
Leydig cells Testicular hormones
Ejaculatory duct Store and transport sperms
Penis Male external genitilia
2. B The fertilization of the ovum with sperm takes place in the ampulla region of the fallopian
tube. As the egg is released it is captured by finger-like projections of the end of the
fallopian tube. The fimbriae sweep the egg into the tube. Clitoris is a small sensitive
protrusion. where two labia minora meet. The cervical canal passes through the cervix. It
helps the baby to pass from the womb into the vagina. Cervical canal and vagina together
form the birth canal.

List I List II
Ampulla Site of fertilisation
Fimbriae Helps in the collection of ovum after ovulation
Clitoris Present at the upper part of labia minora
Cervical Canal Along with the vagina is birth canal
3. B Spermatogonia undero mitosis to form Primary spermatocytes which undergo meiosis to
form secondary spermatocytes which are haploid & undergo meiosis II to form spermatids
which are transformed to sperm.
4. C Sperm is a microscopic structure composed of head, neck, middle piece and a tail. The
middle piece posses numerous mitochondria which produce energy for the movement of tail
that facilitate sperm motility essential for fertilization.
5. A In human female Oogenesis is initiated during embryonic development.
6. B Parts of sperm are the head, neck, middle piece and tail. The anterior portion of the head
which is covered by a cap-like structure is called acrosome. The acrosome is filled with
enzymes called sperm lysins that help in fertilization of the ovum by dissolving its
membranes and enabling the sperm to enter the ovum.
7. B Leydig cells synthesize and secrete male testicular hormones called androgens. Androgens,
stimulate the process of spermatogenesis. Both statements are true but androgen causes
spermatogenesis is not a correct explanation for androgen synthesized by Leydig cells.
8. D Sequence of development state of human spermatozoon is

Spermatogonia (→ Mitosis →) Primary spermatocytes (→ M.I. →) Secondary

spermatocytes (→ M.II →) Spermatids → Spermatozoa
9. D
List – I List – I
Menstrual phase Breakdown of endometrial lining of uterus and its blood vessels
Follicular phase Prolifer
tive phase
Ovulatory phase Both LH and FSH attain a peak level
Luteal phase Secretory phase
10. B First phase of the menstrual cycle is the menstrual phase, followed by the follicular phase.
During the follicular phase, LH and FSH levels increase causing the growth of ovarian
follicles and oogenesis. There is a rapid secretion of LH (LH surge) in the middle of the
cycle causing ovulation. After ovulation remains of the Graafian follicle turn into Corpus
luteum which secretes large amounts of progesterone.
 Human Reproduction 9

Natural sequence of events in female reproductive cycle:-

- Secretion of FSH
- Growth of ovarian follicle & oogenesis
- Increase in level of LH
- Ovulation
- Growth of corpus luteum.
11. A Ovulation occurs when there is LH surge. It is the release of eggs from the ovaries. In
women, this event occurs when the ovarian follicles rupture and the secondary oocyte is
released.

The graffian follicle rupture under the influence of LH surge during ovulatory phase of
menstrual cycle.
12. A Sequence of events after Fertilization
- formation of zygote
- formation of morula
- formation of blastocyst
- Implantation
13. D Sequential order from Fertilization.
- Male gamete and secondary Oocyte fuse to form zygote
- Mitosis is zygote
- formation of blastocyst from morulla
- Embedding of blastocyst in endometrium
14. C Blastocyst gets embedded in the endometrium during implantation. Blastocyst consists of
cell mass, trophoblasts and blastocoel.
15. A The mitotic division called cleavage starts as the zygote moves through the isthmus of the
oviduct towards the uterus and forms 2, 4, 8, 16 daughter cells called blastomeres. The
embryo with 8 to 16 blastomeres are called a morula.
16. C

Layers surrouding ovum from outside to inside are

Corona radiata → Zona Pellucida → Vitelline membrane
10 Human Reproduction

17. D Acrosome which contains enzymes helps in entry of sperm into the cytoplasm of the ovum.
18. D - The first menstruation begins at puberty and is called menarch.
- The ovulation takes place in the middle of cycle when level of LH is at its maximum level.
19. D Placenta releases hCG, hPL, estrogen, progesterone etc. whereas LH is releasing by
pituitary gland.
20. B Chronological order of events that occurs during embryonic development is
- formation of 3 germ layers
- Appearance of heart sound
- Development of limbs & digits
- Separation of eyelids.
21. D
(Source) (Hormone)
Pituitary FSH
Gland
Ovary Relaxin
Placenta hCG and hPL
Corpus luteum Progesterone
22. D Estrogen and progesterone are produced at the time of puberty but Human placental
lactogen, human chorionic gonadotropin and relaxin are produced only in pregnancy.

Hormones produced in women only during pregnancy are hCG, hPL, Relaxin.
23. A Oogenesis is initiated before birth during embryonic development. Primary oocytes begin
their first meiotic division before birth but the cell division in oogonia is arrested at the
diplotene stage of prophase 1. They stay dormant until puberty.

In human females, the oocytes are arrested at diplotene stage of prophase-I at the time of
birth.

24. D Leydig cells synthesize and secrete testicular hormones called Androgen, whereas placenta
secretes hCG, hPL, Estrogen etc.
25. D Melanin is a pigment which controls the color of our skin hence is not part of
neuroendocrine mechanism for the process of parturition.
26. D - foetal ejection reflex trigger release of oxytocin from maternal pituitary which causes
stronger uterine contraction.
- Colostrum contains several antibodies essential to develop resistance against diseases in
new borns.
27. B Foetal ejection reflex trigger release of oxytocin.
28. B The delivery of foetus (child birth) is called parturition.
29. D The process of oogenesis is initiated during embryonic development stage when a couple of
million gamete mother cell (oogonia) are formed within each foetal ovary. Ovum is released
from ovary at secondary oocyte state hence second meiotic division does not take place in
ovary.
30. D Isthmus is a part of fallopian tube which is a part of female reproductive system.
31. B Seminal plasma is formed by seminal vesicles, prostate gland and bulbourethral gland.
32. B Ampulla is a part of fallopian tube & is not a male accessory gland.
33. B Vas deference receives duct from seminal vesicle and opens into urethera as ejaculatory
duct.
34. C Urethral meatus refers to external opening of urinogenital duct in case of males.
35. A Fimbriae, infundibulum and Isthmus are parts of fallopian tube whereas Labia minora is
part of external genitilia of female.
36. B Seminal vesicle, prostate and Bulbourethral gland are male accessory gland whereas
ampulla is the part of fallopian tubes of female.
 Human Reproduction 11

37. C Spermatogonia undergo mitosis to form 1° spermatocytes which are haploid and undergo
meiosis II to form spermatids that are transformed to sperms.
38. B
Parts of Sperm Function
Head Genetic material
Acrosome Enzymes
Middle piece Energy
Tail Sperm motility
39. C Secondary oocyte is a haploid (n) structure which possess 23 chromosomes.
40. A The process of release of sperms from seminiferous tubules is called spermiation
41. B Mature graffian follicle is generally present in the ovary of a healthy human female around
11 – 17 day of menstrual cycle.
42. A Corona radiata is the membranous cover of ovum at ovulation.
43. A During fertilization, a sperm comes in Contact with the zona pellucida layer of ovum and
induces changes in membrane that block the entry of additional sperms
44. B Trophoblast – Outer layer of blastocyst attached to endometrium
Cleavage – Mitotic division of zygote.
Inner Cell mass – Group of cells that would differentiate as embryo.
Implantation – Embedding of blastocyst in the endometrium.
45. D LH is the hormone released from pituitary gland.
46. A The embryo with 8 to 16 blastomeres is called morula. It is the development stage between
the zygote & blastocyst.
47. C Sperm comes in contact with zona pellucida, & induces various changes in ovum that
blocks entry of additional sperm i.e. prevents polyspermy.
48. D Progesterone level is high during post ovulatory phase of menstrual cycle due to formation
of corpus luteum.
49. C Primary spermatocyte produce 4 sperms, primary oocyte produce 1 ovum
50. D