Name: ___________________________________________ Period: ____________
AP Precalculus: Unit 7 Note Packet
Vectors
Notes 1: Intro to Vectors
Ex1: Graph each vector with initial point (0, 0)
Vector
A _______________________ line segment. a) < 3, 2 >
• The arrow shows the __________________
b) < −4, 6 >
• The length or ______________________ can be
c) < 0, −5 >
found using the distance formula
Vector Notation Your Turn A:
< −8, 0 >
Component Form:
Your Turn B:
Linear Combination Form:
< −7, −6 >
Magnitude = ________________ The Formula:
• Two vectors are _________________ if they have
the same direction (________________) and
______________________ (distance)
Ex2: a) What is the c) Find the magnitude
component form?
d) Write the component form of ANOTHER
b) What is the linear vector that has an initial point of (2, 0) and
combination form? is equivalent to the given vector. Add this
vector to your graph.
Your Turn C: a) What is the c) Find the magnitude
component form?
d) Write the component form of ANOTHER
b) What is the linear vector that has an initial point of (2, 0) and
combination form? is equivalent to the given vector. Add this
vector to your graph.
1
Find the component form of the vector with the given magnitude and direction
Ex3: /|𝑣|/ = 20, 𝜃 = 20° Ex4: /|𝑢|/ = 18, 𝜃 = 300° Your Turn D:
/|𝑤|/ = 7, 𝜃 = 115°
HW: Intro to Vectors Practice
4) a) What is the c) Find the magnitude
component form?
d) Write the component form of ANOTHER
b) What is the linear vector that has an initial point of (2, 0) and
combination form? is equivalent to the given vector. Add this
vector to your graph.
5) /|𝑣|/ = 34, 𝜃 = 50° 6) /|𝑢|/ = 22, 𝜃 = 150° 7)/|𝑤|/ = 12, 𝜃 = 300°
2
Notes 2: Unit Vectors & Vector Operations
Unit Vector: A vector with a magnitude of __________
Find a unit vector in the direction of the given vector. Graph each vector and the resulting unit vector.
Ex1: −5𝑖 − 3𝑗
Ex2: < 2, 6 >
Your Turn A: < 7, −3 >
• A scalar has a magnitude, but no ______________________________
Ex3: 𝒖 =< 5, −3 >, and 𝒗 =< −1, −7 >. Both have an initial point of (0,0)
a) Draw u and v b) Write u in linear c) Find 2u and add it to your
combination form graph
d) Write v in linear e) Find −𝒗 and add it to your
combination form graph
f) Find u + v and add it to g) Find u - v and add it to
your graph your graph
Your Turn B: 𝒖 =< 2, 5 >, and 𝒗 =< −2, 0 >. Both have an initial point of (0,0)
a) Draw u and v b) Write u in linear c) Find −2𝒖 and add it to your
combination form graph
d) Write v in linear e) Find 3v and add it to your
combination form graph
f) Find u + v and add it to g) Find u - v and add it to your
your graph graph
3
Add the vectors graphically, then find the resulting vector
Ex4: < 2, 5 > + < 3, 2 > Ex5: < −3, 2 > + < 4, −6 > Your Turn C: < 3, −2 > + < 2, 5 >
New Vector: ________________ New Vector: ________________ New Vector: ________________
Subtract the vectors graphically, then find the resulting vector
Ex4: < 2, 5 > − < 3, 2 > Ex5: < −3, 2 > − < 4, −6 > Your Turn C: < 3, −2 > − < 2, 5 >
New Vector: ________________ New Vector: ________________ New Vector: ________________
Use the vectors to simplify the problems below.
𝒖 =< 4, 8 > , 𝒗 =< −5, 2 >, 𝒘 =< −1, −6 >
Ex6: 2𝒖 + 4𝒗 Ex7: −3𝒖 − 2𝒗 + 4𝒘 Your Turn D: 10𝒖 + 𝒗 − 5𝒘
4
HW: Vector Operations Practice
Find a unit vector in the direction of the given vector. Graph each vector and the resulting unit vector.
1) 6𝑖 + 4𝑗
2) < −5, 3 >
3) < −2, −9 >
Add or subtract vectors graphically, then find the resulting vector
4) < −1, 3 > + < 4, 6 > 5) < 5, 1 > + < 2, −7 > 6) < 5, 2 > − < 3, −5 >
New Vector: ________________ New Vector: ________________ New Vector: ________________
Use the vectors to simplify the problems below.
𝒖 =< −3, 5 > , 𝒗 =< 2, 10 >, 𝒘 =< 4, −9 >
7) 5𝒖 − 3𝒘 8) 12𝒖 + 3𝒗 − 𝒘 9) 𝒖 + 𝒗 − 2𝒘
5
6
Notes 3: Dot Products & Angles Between Vectors
Dot Product Dot Product = 1 Dot Product < 1 Dot Product > 1
𝒖 =< 𝑢! , 𝑢" >
• A measure of how Exact __________ 𝒗 =< 𝑣, 𝑣" >
closely two angles direction
___________ 𝒖∙𝒗=
• Helps find the
________________ between Dot Product = -1
two vectors Exact __________
directions
Ex1: 𝒖 =< 2, 3 > 𝒗 =< −3, 4 > Find 𝒖 ∙ 𝒗 Your Turn A: 𝒖 = 8𝑖 + 2𝑗 𝒗 = −3𝑖 + 𝑗 Find 𝒖 ∙ 𝒗
Ex2: 𝒖 =< 3, 4 > 𝒗 =< −2, 6 > 𝑤 =< −1, −1 >
a) Find (𝒖 ∙ 𝒗)𝒘 b) Find 𝒖 ∙ 2𝒗 Your Turn B: Find (𝒖 ∙ 𝒘)𝒘
The Angle Between Two Vectors Your Turn B: 𝒖 =< 4, 5 > 𝒗 =< 5, −4 >. Draw
the vectors given the initial point is (3, 4), then
𝐮 ∙𝐯 find the angle between the two vectors.
𝐜𝐨𝐬𝛉 =
‖𝐮‖‖𝐯‖
Ex2: 𝒖 =< 2, 3 > 𝒗 =< −1, 0 >. Draw the
vectors given the initial point is (1, 1), then find
the angle between the two vectors.
Orthogonal Vectors Your Turn C: Are the vectors orthogonal?
u = 7i – 3j and v = 8j
Orthogonal = __________________= ____________________
Orthogonal if 𝒖 ∙ 𝒗 = ________
7
HW: Dot Products and Angles Between Vectors Practice
Find the dot product
1) < 2, 4 > and < 3, 9 > 2) < −4, 8 > and < −3, −8 > 3) < 5, 2 > and < 4, 10 >
4) 𝒖 =< 1, 5 > 𝒗 =< 3, −4 > 𝑤 =< −3, −7 >
a) Find (𝒖 ∙ 𝒗)𝒘 b) Find 𝒖 ∙ 2𝒗 c) Find (𝒖 ∙ 𝒘)𝒘
Find the angle between the two vectors
5) < −3, −5 > and < −15, 9 > 6) < 2, 4 > and < −1, 8 > 7) < 5, −1 > and < 4, 6 >
8
HW: Unit 7 Quiz Review
Angle Between Two Vectors Unit Vector
𝒖∙𝒗
𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝜽 = 𝐯
‖𝒖‖‖𝒗‖ ‖𝐯‖
1a. Graph u with initial point (-9,-10) and 2a. Graph v with initial point (6,-4) and terminal
terminal point (7,2) point (0,-5)
b) Write the b) Write the
component form of component form of
vector u vector v
c) Find the c) Find the
magnitude of u magnitude of v
3. Initial Point:(0,0) 4. Initial Point:(0,0)
𝒖 =< 6, 4 > 𝒗 =< 3, −2 >
a) Graph 0.5𝒖 a) Graph 𝒗
b) Graph −𝒖 b) Graph −2𝒗
c) Write in linear c) Write in linear
combination form combination form
Find the resultant vector.
4) 𝒇 = < −4, −12 >, 𝒈 = < 3, −2 > 5) 𝒘 = −6𝑖 + 9𝑗 , 𝒗 = 6𝑖 + 4𝑗
find −𝒇 + 6𝒈 find 9𝒘 – 5𝒗
6) Use dot products to simplify.
a) <-8, 2> ∙ <-5, -1> b) [<-3, 7> + <0, -2>] ∙ <, -4>
9
7) Find the angle between the two vectors 8) Are the vectors orthogonal? Include reasoning.
𝒂 = 7𝑖 + 2𝑗 and 𝒃 = −𝑖 − 5𝑗 < −10, 25 > & < 2, −5 >
9) Find a unit vector in the same direction as 10) Find a unit vector in the same direction as
< −6, −10 > < 4, −6 >
Add or subtract vectors graphically, then find the resulting vector
11) < 2, −9 > + < 5, 6 > 12) < 2, 5 > − < 3, 5 > 13) < 8, 1 > − < 3, −6 >
New Vector: ________________ New Vector: ________________ New Vector: ________________
Find the component form of the vector with the given magnitude and direction
14) /|𝑣|/ = 8, 𝜃 = 60° 15) /|𝑢|/ = 30, 𝜃 = 240° 16) /|𝑤|/ = 12, 𝜃 = 135°
10
11
