Try these questions to practice for exams.
Multipe choice questions
1 Which statement about liquids and gases is correct?
A 1 cm3 of gas contains more particles than 1 cm3 of liquid.
B A given mass of liquid has a fixed volume at room temperature.
C Particles in a liquid can easily be forced closer together.
D Particles in a liquid have fixed positions.
2 Mineral wool soaked in aqueous ammonia is placed in the apparatus shown.
mineral wool soaked damp red
in aqueous ammonia litmus paper
After five minutes, the damp red litmus paper turns blue.
Which process led to this change?
A condensation
B crystallisation
C diffusion
D distillation
3 Which pair of atoms contains the same number of neutrons?
59 59
A 27
Co and 28
Ni
64 65
B 29
Cu and 29
Cu
64 65
C 29
Cu and 30
Zn
65 65
D 29
Cu and 30
Zn
4 Which statement describes the bonding in sodium chloride?
A A shared pair of electrons between two atoms leading to a noble gas configuration.
B A strong force of attraction between oppositely charged ions.
C A strong force of attraction between two molecules.
D A weak force of attraction between oppositely charged ions.
5 A covalent molecule M contains a total of four shared electrons.
What is M?
A ammonia, NH3
B hydrogen chloride, HCl
C methane, CH4
D water, H2O
6 The ‘lead’ in a pencil is made of a mixture of graphite and clay.
‘lead’
When the percentage of graphite is increased, the pencil moves across the paper more easily.
Which statement explains this observation?
A Graphite has a high melting point.
B Graphite is a form of carbon.
C Graphite is a lubricant.
D Graphite is a non-metal.
Structured Questions
1 Element X can undergo the following physical changes.
gaseous X
4
2
liquid X
3
1
solid X
Fig. 1.1
(a) (i) Name each of the numbered physical changes shown in Fig. 1.1.
1 .........................................................................................................................................
2 .........................................................................................................................................
3 .........................................................................................................................................
4 .........................................................................................................................................
[4]
(ii) One difference between boiling and evaporation is the rate at which the processes occur.
State one other difference between boiling and evaporation.
............................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(b) Describe the separation, arrangement and motion of particles of element X in the solid state.
separation ..................................................................................................................................
arrangement ..............................................................................................................................
motion ........................................................................................................................................
[3]
[Total: 8]
2 Magnesium, calcium and strontium are Group II elements.
(a) Complete Table 2.1 to show the electronic configuration of a calcium atom.
Table 2.1
shell 1st 2nd 3rd 4th
number of electrons
[1]
(b) Describe how the electronic configuration of a strontium atom is:
(i) similar to the electronic configuration of a calcium atom
............................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) different from the electronic configuration of a calcium atom.
............................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(c) Magnesium reacts with chlorine to form magnesium chloride, MgCl 2.
Magnesium chloride is an ionic compound.
(i) Complete the dot-and-cross diagram in Fig. 2.1 of the ions in magnesium chloride.
Show the charges on the ions.
......
Cl
......
Mg
......
Cl
Fig. 2.1 [3]
(ii) One physical property typical of ionic compounds, such as MgCl 2, is that they are soluble
in water.
Give two other physical properties that are typical of ionic compounds.
1 .........................................................................................................................................
2 .........................................................................................................................................
[2]
[Total: 8]
3
For
A student investigated the reaction of aqueous sodium hydroxide with two different acids, G Examiner’s
and H. Use
Two experiments were carried out.
Experiment 1
Using a measuring cylinder, 20 cm3 of the solution of acid G was poured into a polystyrene
cup. The initial temperature of the solution was measured.
A burette was filled with aqueous sodium hydroxide to the 0.0 cm3 mark.
5.0 cm3 of aqueous sodium hydroxide was added to the solution of G in the cup and the
mixture stirred. The maximum temperature of the solution was measured.
A further 5.0 cm3 of aqueous sodium hydroxide was added to the cup and the mixture stirred.
The maximum temperature of the mixture was measured.
Further 5.0 cm3 portions of aqueous sodium hydroxide were added to the cup, until a total
volume of 40.0 cm3 of sodium hydroxide had been added. After each addition, the mixture
was stirred and the maximum temperatures measured.
For
(a) Use the thermometer diagrams in the table to record the temperatures. Examiner’s
Use
maximum temperature
volume of aqueous sodium thermometer
of solution in
hydroxide added / cm3 diagram
polystyrene cup / °C
30
0.0 25
20
30
5.0 25
20
35
10.0 30
25
40
15.0 35
30
40
20.0 35
30
40
25.0 35
30
40
30.0 35
30
40
35.0 35
30
40
40.0 35
30
[3]
For
Experiment 2 Examiner’s
Experiment 1 was repeated using 20 cm3 of the solution of acid H instead of the solution of Use
acid G.
(b) Use the thermometer diagrams in the table to record the temperatures.
maximum temperature
volume of aqueous sodium thermometer
of solution in
hydroxide added / cm3 diagram
polystyrene cup / °C
30
0.0 25
20
30
5.0 25
20
35
10.0 30
25
40
15.0 35
30
40
20.0 35
30
40
25.0 35
30
40
30.0 35
30
40
35.0 35
30
40
40.0 35
30
[3]
For
(c) Plot the results for Experiments 1 and 2 on the grid and draw two smooth line graphs. Examiner’s
Clearly label your graphs. Use
40
35
maximum temperature of solution / °C
30
25
20
0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0
volume of aqueous sodium hydroxide added / cm3
[6]
(d) Use your graph to estimate the maximum temperature of the reaction mixture when
8.0 cm3 of aqueous sodium hydroxide was added to 20 cm3 of the solution of acid G.
Show clearly on the graph how you worked out your answer.
..................................................................................................................................... [2]
(e) What type of chemical reaction, other than neutralisation, occurs when acid H reacts with
aqueous sodium hydroxide?
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
For
(f) (i)In which experiment was the temperature change greater? Examiner’s
Use
.............................................................................................................................. [1]
(ii) Suggest why the temperature change was greater in this experiment.
....................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................. [1]
(g) Predict the temperature of the mixture in Experiment 2 after two hours.
Explain your answer.
...........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [2]
[Total: 19]
