HIGHWAYS
1.1 : Identification
1. Is the longitudinal profile along the centerline of the
road.
2. Vertical Alignment is made up of a series of 34. It is taken as the design volume and is exceeded
_______________. only ____ times in a year.
3. Enumerate the profile considerations for vertical 35. What is the range percentage of K?
alignment. (7) 36. The selection of the number of lanes is determined
4. What are the 4 Types of Terrain by what?
5. A vertical curve is expressed as a K value, which is 37. LOS with little or no restriction in maneuverability
the? and speed.
6. Minimum K value vertical curves should be selected 38. What is the basic capacity for 4 way (2lane each
on what basis/ (3) controlling factors? direction) for multilane highways.
7. What is the object height for a car headlight to road 39. What is the basic capacity for 6 way (3lane each
surface sight distance? direction) for multilane highways.
8. For overall safety, a sag vertical curves should be 40. Is the banking or tilting of roadway cross section
long enough that the light beam distance is nearly 41. To attain superelevation the pavement is revolved
the same as? about what ways (3)?
9. What does AASHTO mean? 42. The distance of road ahead that is visible to the
10. It provides the transportation link between regions driver.
and provinces. 43. Shortest distance required by the vehicle traveling
11. What are the examples of primary arterials at the assumed running speed to stop safely before
reaching a stationary object in its path.
12. Its primary function is movement but may contribute
to access requirements. 44. Shortest distance required by a vehicle to perform a
safe overtaking maneuver for two-lane highways.
13. Road hierarchy where its primary function is
movement. 45. SSD is normally computed for?
14. What does RSA mean? 46. Along curves, this is the length of the road that must
visibly be free of obstructions in order to permit a
15. The Road Design (Geometry) is affected by what
vehicle moving at the design speed to pass a
factors (2) ?
slower moving vehicle.
16. The design of visible dimensions of streets and
47. Is created by combining tangents, circular curves,
highways to provide safe, efficient, and economical
and transition spirals.
movement of traffic.
48. A two-arc curve centers on the same side of the
17. What are the 3 design parameters?
common tangent.
18. Traffic information serves to establish the ___ for
49. Two-arc simple curve having centers on opposite
geometric design
sides.
19. What are the 3 Design Controls?
50. Two curves in the same direction with a short
20. Maximum safe speed that can be maintained over a tangent in between.
specified section of the highway when conditions
51. It defines shape of road viewed from the top.
are so favorable that the design features of the
highway govern. 52. A transition path as the vehicle enters or leaves a
circular curve.
21. It serves to feed traffic onto and off the main road
network at the beginning and end of trips. (Serves 53. Is a curve whose curvature increases in proportion
local traffic) to the length of curve.
22. Motorized vehicles are excluded to improve safety. 54. Its objective along horizontal curve is to make
operating conditions on curves comparable to those
23. Road that is primarily used for residential use. (the
on tangents.
streets which people live)
55. On simple curves, widening should be applied on
24. Its sole priority is non-motorized traffic
the?
25. On a plan the horizontal alignment scale should be?
56. Recommended minimum width of widening is?
26. Plans shall show the ____, ______, ______, and
57. The reversion length of tangent between reversed
____.
curves should be ____ and in no case should be
27. Give one basic consideration in the design of a new more than ____.
highway/ or a redesign of an old highway.
58. Flat and level grades when the pavement is
28. Contours shall be plotted at what intervals? adequately crowned to drain the surface laterally
29. ______ shall be provided at every full station and at are acceptable
intermediate breaks on a scale of 1:100 59. May be used for high type pavement adequately
30. If terrain condition or obstructions do not allow it, crowned and supported on firm subgrade.
design speed may be reduced by _____ 60. It defines the shape of the road section as seen
31. What are the implications when speed is high? from its profile.
32. Give 3 elements that affect actual speed (5 total) 61. What is the maximum grade that is widely use in the
33. Design speed must be consistent and appropriate Philippines?
to the? 62. A vertical curve is what curve?
1 I PASTORIL
63. The minimum requirement of vertical curve length
without considering K-Value is ___.
64. Is that condition of the highway sight distances on G. Factors to consider when choosing design speed:
generally long or could be made to be so without 1. _______________________________
major expense. 2. _______________________________
65. Is that condition when the natural slope consistently 3. _______________________________
rises above or fall below the road grade. 4. _______________________________
66. Is that condition when longitudinal and transverse
changes in the elevation of the grand with respect H. Elements of Horizontal Alignment
to the road. 1. _______________________________
67. For every degree of curvature over _____, the 2. _______________________________
ruling grade shall be reduced by 0.10 percent. 3. _______________________________
68. What are the 4 CO’s? 4. _______________________________
69. Desirable lane width is ____, but for economy you 5. _______________________________
can use _____
70. Pavement Widths less than ___ should be regarded I. Elements of Vertical Alignment
as a single lane. 1. _______________________________
2. _______________________________
1.2. Enumeration J. Elements of Cross Section
1. _______________________________
A. Design Requirements for Geometric Design of 2. _______________________________
Roads 3. _______________________________
1. ______________________________
2. ______________________________ K. Pavement Types
3. ______________________________ 1. _______________________________
4. ______________________________ 2. _______________________________
5. ______________________________
6. ______________________________ L. Traffic Control Devices
1. _______________________________
B. Road Hierarchy 2. _______________________________
1. ______________________________ 3. _______________________________
2. ______________________________
3. ______________________________ M. Safety Features
4. ______________________________ 1. _______________________________
5. ______________________________ 2. _______________________________
3. _______________________________
C. Types of Horizontal Curves
1. ______________________________ N. Environmental Considerations
__________________________ 1. _______________________________
__________________________ 2. _______________________________
__________________________ 3. _______________________________
__________________________
2. ______________________________ O. Highway Design Principles
1. _______________________________
D. Types of Vertical Curves 2. _______________________________
1. ______________________________ 3. _______________________________
2. ______________________________ 4. _______________________________
5. _______________________________
E. Basic Highway Design Data 6. _______________________________
1. ______________________________ 7. _______________________________
2. ______________________________ 8. _______________________________
3. ______________________________ 9. _______________________________
4. ______________________________
5. ______________________________ 1.3. Spell It Out
6. ______________________________
F. Criteria for the establishment of sag vertical curves 1. AADT –
1. ______________________________ 2. DHV –
2. ______________________________ 3. DDHV –
3. ______________________________ 4. PCEF’s –
4. ______________________________ 5. HCM –
6. MUTCD –
7. DPWH –
8. DPWH yellow book –
9. DPWH blue book –
10. AASHTO green book –
2 I PASTORIL
45. Wet Pavement Condition
46. Passing Sight Distance
ANSWER KEY 47. Horizontal Alignment
48. Compound Curve
PART 1 49. Reverse Curve
1. Vertical Alignment 50. Broken back Curve
2. Grades and Vertical Curves 51. Horizontal Alignment
3. (PATDEG) 52. Clothoid/ Transition Curve/ Spiral
Planning 53. Clothoid
Access 54. Widening
Topography 55. Inside Edge only
Geology 56. 0.6m
Design controls 57. 50m, 30m
Earthworks 58. Uncurbed Pavement
Economic aspect 59. Curbed Pavements 0.5, 0.35%
4. Plain, Rolling, Mountainous, Steep 60. Vertical Alignment
5. length of vertical curve in meters for 1% change in 61. 6%
grade. 62. Parabolic
6. Sight Distance, Appearance, Riding Comfort 63. 60.0m
7. 0 64. Level Terrain
8. Headlight Sight Distance 65. Rolling Terrain
9. American Association of State Highway and 66. Mountainous Terrain
Transportation Officials 67. 6 degrees
10. Primary Arterials/Roads 68. Concept, Principles, Level of Service, Performance
11. Expressways, National Roads 69. 3.65, 2.75
12. Secondary Arterials (National Roads, Provincial 70. 5.5m
Roads)
13. Primary Arterials PART 2.
14. Road Safety Audit A. Design Requirements for Geometric Design of
15. Driver Behavior and Traffic Performance Roads
16. Geometric Design of Highways 1. ______________________________
17. Speed, Vehicle, Volume 2. ______________________________
18. “loads” 3. ______________________________
19. Anticipated Traffic Volume 4. ______________________________
Character or Traffic
5. ______________________________
Design Speed
6. ______________________________
20. Design Speed
21. Collector Road
22. Pedestrian Areas/ Routes B. Road Hierarchy
23. Access Roads 1. ______________________________
24. Pedestrian Areas/Routes 2. ______________________________
25. 1:1000 3. ______________________________
26. Centerline, width, shoulders and ROW 4. ______________________________
27. Suitable for traffic volume 5. ______________________________
Consistent
Pleasing to the user C. Types of Horizontal Curves
Simple as possible to the builder 1. ______________________________
Low-cost maintenance __________________________
Safe for driving __________________________
28. 1.0 m interval, 5.0m if too close
__________________________
29. Cross Sections
__________________________
30. 10-20 kph
31. Less reaction time, high momentum and kinetic 2. ______________________________
energy – more severe injuries
32. Vehicle Type D. Types of Vertical Curves
Driver Behavior 1. ______________________________
Road Geometry 2. ______________________________
Present of other users
Speed Controls E. Basic Highway Design Data
33. Type of Road 1. ______________________________
34. 30th hourly volume, 29 times 2. ______________________________
35. 7-15% 3. ______________________________
36. Level of Service 4. ______________________________
37. A
5. ______________________________
38. 1800
39. 1750 6. ______________________________
40. Superelevation
41. Centerline, outer, inner F. Criteria for the establishment of sag vertical curves
42. Sight Distance 1. ______________________________
43. Stopping Sight Distance 2. ______________________________
44. Passing Sight Distance 3. ______________________________
3 I PASTORIL
4. ______________________________
G. Factors to consider when choosing design speed: PART 3.
1. _______________________________
2. _______________________________ 11. AADT – Average Annual Daily Traffic
3. _______________________________ 12. DHV – Design Hourly Volume
4. _______________________________ 13. DDHV – Directional Design Hourly Volume
14. PCEF’s – Passenger Car Equivalent Factor
H. Elements of Horizontal Alignment 15. HCM – Highway Capacity Manual
1. _______________________________ 16. MUTCD – Manual on Uniform Traffic Control
2. _______________________________ Devices
3. _______________________________ 17. DPWH – Department of Public Works and
4. _______________________________ Highways
5. _______________________________ 18. DPWH yellow book – Highway Safety Design
Standard
I. Elements of Vertical Alignment Manual 1: Road Safety Design Manual
1. _______________________________ Manual 2: Road Signs and Pavement Markings
2. _______________________________ Manual
19. DPWH blue book – Standard Specification for
J. Elements of Cross Section Highways, Bridges, and Airports
1. _______________________________ 20. AASHTO green book – A Policy on the
2. _______________________________ Geometric Design of Highways and Streets
3. _______________________________
K. Pavement Types
1. _______________________________
2. _______________________________
L. Traffic Control Devices
1. _______________________________
2. _______________________________
3. _______________________________
M. Safety Features
1. _______________________________
2. _______________________________
3. _______________________________
N. Environmental Considerations
1. _______________________________
2. _______________________________
3. _______________________________
O. Highway Design Principles
1. _______________________________
2. _______________________________
3. _______________________________
4. _______________________________
5. _______________________________
6. _______________________________
7. _______________________________
8. _______________________________
9. _______________________________
4 I PASTORIL
