REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES

COMMISSION ON ELECTIONS
Intramuros, Manila

RULES AND REGUT-{TIONS GARCIA, George Erwin M., Cluinnan

INTING, Socorro 8., Conmissioner
IMPLEMENTING REPUBLIC ACT NO.
CASQUEIO, Marlon S., Comtnissiortcr
900O orsrnwrsE KNowN AS rHE FEROLINO, Aimee P., Connnissioner
"FAIR EtrCUoN Acr",
IN BULAY, Rey E., Commissioner
CONNECTION WITH THE 12 MAY MACEDA, JR., Emesto Ferdinan dP., Commissioner
CELIS, Nelson J., Conmissioner
2025 NATIONAL, LoCAL, &
BANGSAMoRO PARLIAMENTARY
ELECTIONS.
Promulg ated: 09 December 20

RrsorurroN No.11,085
WHEREAS, Republic Act No. 9006, otherwise known as the "Fair Election Act"
provides for the holding of free, orderly, honest, peaceful and credible elections
through fair election practices;

WHEREAS, the said Act allows the publication or broadcast of poLitical

advertisements or propaganda for or against any candidate or political party;

WHEREAS, Section 3 of the said Act provides that election propaganda,

whether on television, cable televisior-r, radio, newspapers or any other medium
shall be subject to the supervision and regulation of the Commission on
Elections (hereafter, "COMELEC);

WHEREAS, Section 6.4 of the said Act directs the COMELEC, to supervise in
all irstances the use and employment of press, radio and television
broadcasting facilities insofar as the placement of political advertisements is
concerned so as to give candidates equal opporturritv under equal
circurr-stances to make known their qualifications and stand on public issues
within the lintits set forth in the Omnibus Election Code and Republic Act No.
71,661;

,,AN
RA 7166, entitled ACT PROVIDtr.IC FoR S\4\cHRoMzED NAToNAL AND LoCAL ELECTIoNS
AND FoR ELECToRAL REFoRM9 AU-THoRIZI.IG AND APPRoPRIATIoNS THEREFo& AND FoR
OTHER PUR?oSES,,.
 Resolution No. 11086 Page 2 of 31
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WHEREAS, technological advancements continue to Progress at a rapid pace,

leading to the development and availability of irurovative platfomls ar-rd tools
that carr be utilized in electoral campaigns; and

WHEREAS, Section 13 of the same Act requires the COMELEC to promulgate

the necessary rules and regulations for the implementation thereof;

NOW, THEREFORE, the COMELEC, by virtue of the powers vested in it by

the Corutitution, the Omnibus Election Code as amended, tl-re Fair Election Act
as amended, Republic Act Nos. 66462, 71663 and other reiated laws has
RESOLVED, as it hereby RESOLVES, to promulgate the following Rules and
Regrrlations:

SECTIoN L. Defnition of Terms. - As used in this Resolution:

(a) "Billboarcf' refers to a signboard, identiJication, illushation, irrnge,

picture or any other devise for outdoor advertisement consisLing of a
support struct[re, a display or message area, an optional lighting system
and related components installed on land, building or property to attract
or direct attention to a particular producf service, idea, information,
desi.gn, system, activitp institution, business, belief and or personality. A
"static billboard" refers to printed traditional billboards whlle "LED or
digital billboarils" are billboards made of electronic displays that are
controlled remotely bv computers.

(b) "Blog/collectiae blog!' arrd "olog/collectizte olog" refer to websites on

which an individual or group of users, respectively, record news, opinions,
and inforn'Lation, in varying degrees of regularity.

(c) " Candidate" refers to any person seeking an elective public office, who has
filed his or her certi{icate of candidacp and who has not died, withdrawn
his or her certificate of candidacy, had his or her certiJicate of candidacy
denied due course or cancelled, or has been otherwise disqualified before
the start of the campalgn period for which he or she filed his certificate of
candidacy. Provided, that, unlawful acts or omissions applicable to a
candidate sha1l take effect only upon the start of the campaign period.

It also refers to any registered nationaf regional, or sectoral party,

organization or coalition thereof that has filed a manifestalion of intent to
participate ulder the party-list system, which has not withdrawn the said
manifestation, or which has not been disqualified before the start of the
campaign period.

2 An Act lntroducing Additronal Reforms In The Electoral System And For Other Purposes
3 Supra At Note 1
Resolution No. 11086 Page 3 of 31
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NLBPE IRR of the Fsi.Election Act (RA 9006)

(d) "Election campaign' ot "pattisafl political actioitl/' refers to an act

desigrred to promote the election or defeat of a particular candidate or
candidates to a public office, and shall include among others:

(1) Formnrg organizations, associations, clubs, committees, or other

groups of persons for the purpose of soliciting votes and/or
undertaking any campaign for or against a candidate;

(2) Creating any social media plafform, user groups or community pages,
for the purpose of conducting campaigns or related partisan political
activity;

(3) Holding political caucuses, conferences, meetings, rallies, parades or

other sinrilar assemblies for the purpose of soliciting votes and/or
undertaking any campaign or propaganda for or against a candidate;

(4) Makilrg speeches, announcements, or commentaries, or holding

interviews for or against the election of any candidate;

(5) Publishing, displaying, or distributing campaign literature or

materials designed to support or oppose the election of any candidate;
OI

(6) Directly or indirectly soliciting votes, pledges or support for or

against any candidate.

(e) "Election aroeyl' refers to the measurement of opinions and perceptions

of the voters as legards a candidate's popularity, qualifications, platforms
or matters of public discussion in relation to the electiory including voters'
preference for candidates or publicly discussed issues during the
campaign period.

(l) "Electoral adzsertisement (ads)" and "electoral posts" refers to medium

and social media posts that have for their pri:rnry purpose the promotion
o{ the victory or defeat of an official candidate.

(g) "E-rally" refers to a large meeting held to show support for or against a
candidate which is conducted online.

(l'r) "Exit polls" refers to a species of election survey conducted by a qualified

individual or a group of individuals for the purpose of determining the
probable result of an election by confidentiallv asking randomly selected
voters for the names of candidates they have voted for, immediatelv aJter
they have officially cast their ballots.
Resolution No. 11086 Page 4 of 31
2025 NLBPE IRR of the Fair Election Act (RA 9006)

(r) "Liztestreamiflg" tefets to the live broadcasting of an event over the

internet.

fi) "Mass Media" refers to diversi{ied technologies, operating on various

platforms, that have for their primary purpose the transmission of
inJormation and communication to a large audience. These platforms
include broadcast, intemet and mobile, print, and outdoor.

(k) "Mass Meilia Entities" refer to individuals and organizations that exercise
confrol over these technologies and determine, whether direcfly or
indirectly, the content being distributed using these technologies.

(7) "Meilia practitiofierl' refers to a person who is not employed by a media

entity but performs similar fulctions or has control over what is printed
or broadcast such as a talent or a block timer.

Pelsons who create online content for personal or collective blogs/vlogs

and micro-blogs shall be considered media practitioners for purposes of
these Rules.

(m)"Micro-blog!' refers to blogging format which allows users to exchange

a
smail elements of content - referred to variously as posts, entries or status
updates - such as short sentences, individual images, or links to video
materials among others, uploaded to the Intemet.

(rr) "Online carupaigning" refers to the use of the intemet to distribute

campaign propaganda. This includes text-onJ.y posts on social media,
pictures, audio cLips, and video clips, regardless of duratiory and all
c ombinations of such forntats.

(o) "Par\/' political party, whether national or sectoral party,

refers to either a
or a coalition of parties, and partyJist organizations duly registered or
accredited with the COMELEC. This shall include parties that will be
participating in the Bangsamoro Parliamentary Election.

(p) "Political adaertisement," or " election propaganda" relers to any matter

broadcasted, published, printed, displayed or exhibited, in any medium,
which contains the name, image, logo, brand, insignia, initials, and other
svmbol or graphic representation that is capable of being associated with
a candidate, and is exclusively intended to draw the attention o{ the public
or a segment thereof to promote or oppose/ directly or indirectlv, the
election of the said candidate or candidates to a public office. In broadcast
media, political advertisements may take the form of spots, appearances
on television shows and radio programs, live or taped arnouncements,
teasers, and other forms of advertising messages or arnouncements used
by commerciai advertisers.
Resolution No. 11086 Page 5 of 31
2025 NLBPE IRR of the Fair Election Act (RA 9006)

Political advertising includes endorsements, statements, declarations, or

information graphics, appearing on any intemet website, social network,
blogging site, and micro-blogging site, which - when taken as a whole -
has for its principal object the endorsement of a candidate only, or whicl-r
were posted in retum for consideration or are otherwise capable of
pecuniarv estimation.

(Q "Social Medis" refers to the collective of online communication chalnels,

including websites and applications, that enable users to create and share
content, collaborate, and interact with each other. For purposes of these
Rules, video sharing sites which allow users to post comments on
individual entries shall be considered as falling within the broad category
of "social media. Social media is a form of mass media.

(r) "Social Media Accottnf' refers to a user's personalized access to a social

networking site or applicatioo typically using a usemame and password
combination. A social media account allows a user to interact with other
users on the same social networking site.

(s) "Social Media Post" refers to any text, audio, or graphic content - or any
combination thereof - published online using a social media account.

Srcrlou 2. Canryaign Periodfor tfu 12 May 2025 National, Local, andBangsamoro

Parliaaentary Elections. - For purposes of the 12 Ma1, 2025 National, Locaf and
Balgsamoro Parliamentary Elections, the campaign period shall be as follows,
subject to Section 3 hereof:

(a) For President, Vice-President Senators ald Party-List groups

participating in the Party-List system, ninety (90) days before the day of
tlre electiory or from 11 February 2025 to 10 May 2025;

(b) For Members of the House of Representatives and elective provincial, city,
municipal officials, including the Bangsamoro Parliament, fortv-five (45)
days before the day of election or from 28 March 2025 to 10 May 2025.

SECTION 3. Prohibited Canryaigning. - It is unlawful for any person or for any

political party, or association of persons to engage in an election campaign or
partisan political activity on 17 April 2025 (Maundy Thursday), 18 April 2025
(Good Friday), 11 May 2025 (eve of Election Day), and 12May 2025 (Election
Dav).

SECTIoN 4. Prohibition against Foreign lntentention. - It is unlawful for any

foreigner, whether a juridical or natural person, to directly or indirectly aid any
candidate, or political pafty, oryanlzation or coalition, or to take part in, or
Resolutron No. 11086 Page 6 of 31
2025 NLBPE IRR of the Fair Electlon Act (RA 9006)

influence in any mar.rner, any election, or to contribute or make ally expenditure

in corurection with any election campaign or partisan political activity.

SECTIoN 5. Authorized Expenses of Candidates and Parties. - The ag$egate amount

that a candidate may spend for an election campaign shall be as follows:

(a) For candidates with political party - Three pesos (P 3.00) for every voter
currentlv registered in the constituency where the candidate filed his/her
certificate of candidacy;

(b) For other candidates without any political party and without support lrom
any political party - Five pesos (P 5.00) for every voter currently registered
in the constituency where the candidate filed his/her certificate of
candidacy; and

(c) For political parties and party-list groups - Five pesos (P 5.00) for every
voter currently registered in the consfituency or constituencies where it
has official candidates.

SECTIoN 6. Lmoful Election Propaganda. - Election propaganda, whether on

television or cable televisioru radio, newspaper, the intemet or any other
medium, including outdoor static and light-emitting diode (LED) billboards
and mobile or transit advertisement is hereby allowed for a1l bona fide
candidates seeking national and local elective positions, subject to the
limitation on authorized expenses of candidates and parties, observation of
truth in advertising, and to the supervision and regulation by the COMELEC.

Lawful election propaganda shall include

(a) Pamphlets, leaflets, cards, decals, stickers, or other written or printed

materials the size of which does not exceed eight and one-half inches (8
72") in width and fourteen inches (14") in length;

(b) Handwritten or pdnted letters urgrng voters to vote for or against any
particuiar party or candidate for public office;

(c) Posters or standing displays ("standees") made of cloth,papet, cardboard,

or an], recyclable material, whether framed or posted, with an area not
exceeding two (2) feet by three (3) fee!

(d) Streamers not exceeding three (3) feet by eight (8) feet in size, displayed at
the site, and on the occasion of a public meeting or rally. Said streamers
may be displayed five (5) days before the date of flre meeting or rally and
shall be removed within twenty-four (24) hours after said meethg or rally;
Resolution No. 11086 Page 7 of 31
2025 NLBPE IRR of the Fair Election Act (RA 9006)

(e) Mobile units, vehicles, motorcades of all types, whether engine or

manpower driven or artmal drawn, with or without sound systems or
loud speakers and with or without lights; Pamphlets, leaJlets, cards/
decals, stickers, or other written or printed materials posted on mobile
units, vehicles/ or motorcades sha1l be subject to the size limitations
provided for in this Section;

(f) Paid advertisements in print or broadcast media subject to the

requirements set forth in Section 11 hereof and the Fair Election Ac|

(g) Outdoor and static or LED billboards owned by private entities or persons;

(h) Mobile or transit advertisement on public utility vehicles provided that the
advertisement is consistent with tl-re guidelines of the Land Transportation
and Franchising Regulatory Board (LTFRB) for commercial
advertisements;

(i) Signboard displayed in the headquartels subject to the limitation provided

in Section 24 hereofi

0 An other forms of election propaganda not prohibited by the Omnibus

Election Code or these rules.

Candidates ald parfies are required to incorporate sign language interpreters

and closed captioning in broadcast eiection propaganda ir"rtended for exhibition
on television and/or the intemet, and are encouraged to ensure the availability
of their respective printed campaign materials in Braille.

-
SECTIoN 7. Enaironntentally Sr.Lstainable Election Propaganda. Parties and
candidates are hereby encouraged to use recyclable and environment-friendly
materials and avoid those that contain hazardous chemicals and substances in
the production of their campaign and election propaganda.

Thev are likewise required to indicate in their printed campaign materials the
phrase: "This material should be recycled or disposed of responsibly."

In local government units (LGUs) where a local legislation goveming the use
of plastic and other similar materials exisf parties and candidates shall comply
with the same.

SECTIoN 8. Prohibited Forms of Election Propaganda. - During the campaign

period, it is unlawful:

(a) To print, publish, post or distribute any newspaper, newsletter,

newsweekly, gazette or magazine advertising, pamphlet, leaflet, card,
 Resolution No. 11086 Page 8 of 31
' 2025 NLBPE IRR of the Fait' Election Act (RA 9006)

decaf bumper sticker, poster, comic book, circular, handbill, sheamer,

sample list of candidates or any published or printed political matter and
to air or broadcast any election propaganda or political advertisement bv
television or radio or any outdoor election propaganda in the form of static
or LED billboards or mobile/transit advertisement for or against a
candidate or group of candidates to any public office, unless they bear and
be identified by the reasonably legible, or audible words "political
adaertisement paid fori' followed by the true and correct name and address
of the candidate or party for whose benefit the election propaganda was
printed or aired.

It shall likewise be urLlawful to publish, print or distribute said campaign

materials unless they bear, and are identified by, the reasonably legible, or
audible words "political adaertisements paid by," followed by the true and
correct name and address of tl-re payor.

(b) To print, publish, broadcast, display, or exhibit any such election

propaganda donated or given free of charge by a.y person or publishing
firm or broadcast media entity to a candidate or party without the written
acceptallce of the said candidate or party, and unless they bear and be
identified by the words "printed free of chargei' or " airtine for tl.ris broadcast
was proaided free of charge byl' , respectlely, followed by the true and correct
name and address of the said publishing firm or broadcast entity;

(c) To show, display or exhibit publicly il a theater, through a television

statiorL a video sharing site, social media network, or any public forum
any movie, cinematography or documentary, including concert or anv
type of performance portraying the life or biography of a candidate, or in
which a character is portrayed by an actor or media personality who is
himself or herseU a car-rdidate;

(d) For any newspaper or publicatiory radio, television or cable television

station, or other mass media entity, or any person making use of the mass
media, to seli or give free of charge print or advertising space or airtime
{or campaign or election propaganda purposes to any candidate or partv
in excess of the size, duration or frequency authorized by law or these
Rules. A newspaper or publicafion, radio, television or cable television
station, or other mass media, or any pelson may require any buyer to
warrant under oath that such purcl-rase is not in excess of the size, duration
or frequency authorized by law or these Rules;

(e) For any radio, television, cable television station, announcer or broadcaster
to allow the scheduling of anv program, or permit any sponsor to
manifesfly favor or oppose any candidate or party by unduiy or repeatedly
referring to, or unnecessarily mentioning his or her name, or including
therein said candidate or party;
Resolution No. 11086 Page 9 of 31
2025 NLBPE IRR of the F air Electian Act (RA 9006)

(f) To post, display or exhibit any election campaign or propaganda material

outside of authorized cofiunon poster areas, in public places, or in private
properties without flre consent of the owner thereof;

Public places include any of the following:

(1) Publicly-owned elechonic announcement boards, such as LED

display boards located along highwavs and streets, LCD monitors
posted on walls of public buildings, and other similar devices which
are owned by local govemnent units, govemment-owned and
controlled corporatioru, or any agency or instrumentality of the
GovemmenU

(2) Motor vehicles used as patlol cars, ambulances, and for other similar
pwposes that are owned by local govemment units, govemment-
owned ald controlled corporations, and other agencies and
irutrumentalities of the Govemment, particularly those bearing
government License plates;

(3) Public transport vehicles owned and controlled by the government

such as the Metro Rail Transit (MRT), Light Rail Transit (LRT), and
Philippine National Railway trains and the like;

( ) Waiting sheds, sidewalks, street and lamp posts, electric posts and
wires, tra{fic signages and other signboards erected on public
property, pedestrian overpasses and underpasses, flyovers and
underpasses, bridges, main thoroughfares, center islalfu of roads
and highways;

(5) Schools, public shrines, barangay halls, govemment offices, health

centers, public structures and buildings or anv edi{ice thereof; and

(6) Within the premises of public transport terminals, owned and

controlled by the govemment, such as bus ternrinals, airports,
seaports, docks, piers, train stations and the like.

(g) To prinf publish, post, show, display, distribute any election campaign or
propaganda materials that are violative of gender sensitivity, considered
as obscene., offensive, or constitutes a violation of t1-re Magna Carta of
Womena.

The printing press, printer, or publisher who prints, reproduces or publishes

said campaign materials, and the broadcaster, station manager, owner of the
radio or television statiorL or owrrer or administrator of any website who airs

{ Republic Act No. 9710 also known as "THE MAGNA CARTA oF WoMsf'.
.Resolution No. 11086 Page 10 of 31
2025 NLBPE IRR af the Fair Election Act (RA 9006)

or shows the political advertisements, without the required data or in violation

of these rules shal1 be criminally liable with the candidate under Section 264 of
the Omnibus Election Code and, if applicable, {urther su{fer the penalties of
suspension or revocation of franchise or permit in accordance with law.

Nothtrg in these rules shall be consh'ued as limiting the authority of the

appropriate agencies and instrumentalities of the government to promulgate
their own rules and regulations, regarding the posting of political print
adverfising on any regulated land, sea and air vehicle, including but not limited
to public utility vehicles and tricycles.

SECTIoN 9. Respect for Intellectual Property Rights. - Candidates and parties shall
ensure that intellectual property rights are respected in the produclion of their
election propaganda and in the conduct of their election campaigns. Any
violations of intellectual property law, rules, and regulations shall be referred
to the Intellectual Property Office of the Philippines (IPOPHL) for their
appropliate action.

Srcrrou Autlnrity to Use Otlur Election Propaganda. - Any person

10. Request for
seeking authority to use other forms of election propaganda not covered by
those enumerated in Section 6 hereof and not prohibited by law may file with
the COMELEC En Banc, throtgh the Commission Secretary, a request
describing the election propaganda sought to be authorized with samples
thereof.

SECTIoN 11. Requirements and/or Linitations on the Use of Election Propaganda

through ltAass Media.- Al-i, bona fide candidates shall have equal access to media
time and space for their election propaganda during the campaign period
subject to the following requiren'Lents and/or limitations:

(a) Broadcast Election Propaganda

The duration of air time that a candidate or party mav use for their
broadcast advertisements or election propaganda shall be, as follows:

For Candidates/ Not more than a total of one hundred twenty (120)
Registered minutes of television advertisement, on a per station
Political Parties basis, whether appearing onnational, regionaf or local
for a National free or cable televisiorL and one hundred eighty (180)
Elective Position minutes of radio advertising, on a per station basis,
whether airing on nationaf regional, or local radio,
whether by purchase or donation.
For Candidates Not more than a total of sixty (60) minutes of television
for a Local advertisement, on a per station basis, whether
. Resolution No. 11086 Page 11 of 31
2025 NLBPE IRR af tle Fair Election Act (RA 9006)

Elective appearing on national, regionaf or local, free or cable

Position televisioru and rrinety (90) minutes of radio advertising,
on a per station basis, whether airing on national
regional, or local radio, whether by purchase or
donation.

In cases where two or more candidates whose names, hidats, images,

brands, logos, iruignias, symbols, or forrns of graphical representations
are displayed, exhibited, used, or mentioned together in the broadcast
election propaganda or advertisements, the length of time during which
they appear or are being mentioned or promoted will be counted agairst
the ailtime limits allotted for the said candidates.

Appearance or guestir-rg by a candidate on any bona fide newscas, bona

fide news interview, bona fide news documentary, iI the appearance of
the candidate is incidental to the presentation of the subject or subjects
covered by the news documentary, or on-the-spot coverage of bona fide
news events, including but not limited to events sanctioned by the
COMELEC, political convenfions, and similar activities, shall not be
deemed to be broadcast election propaganda within the meaning of this
provision.

For purposes of monitoring by the COMELEC and ensuring that parties

ald candidates were afforded equal opportunities to promote their
candidacy, the broadcast media er-rtities shall give prior written notice to
the COMELEC, through the appropriate Regional Election Director
(RED), or in the case of the National Capital Region (NCR), the Educalion
ald Informatiorl Deparknent (EID).

If such prior written notice is not feasible or practicable, the notice shall
be sent within twenty-four (24) hourc from the first broadcast or
publication. Nothing in the foregoing sentence shall be construed as
relieving broadcasters, in connection wiflr the presentation of newscasts,
news interviews, news documentaries, and on-the-spot coverage of news
events, from the obligation imposed upon them under Section 11 of these
Rules.

(b) Printed or Published Election Propaganda

The maximum size of print advertisements for each candidate, whether for
a national or local elective positions, or paty shall be, as follows:

In broadsheets One fourth (1/ 4) page

In tabloids One half (1/2) page
,Resolution No. 11086 Page 12 of 31
2025 NLBPE IRR of tlrc Fair Election Act (RA 9006)

Two or more candidates, political parties, or party-list orgardzations may

cause the publication of coordinated print advertisements, {eaturing more
than one candidate, politicalpafiy, or party-list organizationprovided that
the size and frequency limitations provided for in this paragraph shall
apply to each candidate, political party/ or partyJist organization
appearing, mentioned or promoted in such a coordinated advertisement.

The cost of coordinated print advertisements shall be pro-rated among

each candidate, political party, or party-list orgardzation appearing in each
advertisement, and shall be reported by them accordingly.

by purchase or given free of

Prir-rt advertisements, whether procured
charge, shall not be published more than three (3) times a week per
newspaper/ magazine or other publication during the campaign period.

(c) Outdooradvertisement

The duration of outdoor advertisement that a candidate or party may use

shall be, as follows:

For Candidates/ Not more than two (2) months of outdoor

Registered advertisement in a certain static or LED billboard
Political Parties whetller by purcirase or donation, provided that a
for a National candidate or party cannot have static or LED
Elective Position billboard advertisements within a radius of one
(1) kilometer from each other.
For Candidates Not more than one (1) month of outdoor
for a Local advertisements in either static or LED billboarfu
Elective Position whether by purcl-rase or donation, provided that a
candidate or party camot have static or LED
billboard advertisements within a radius of five
hundred (500) meters from each other.

Each bona fide candidate, whether national or local, for any elective
position may utilize mobile outdoor advertisements in public utility
vehicles provided that the dimension of the advertisement is consistent
with the guidelines of the Land Transportation I'ranchisir-rg and
Regulatory Board (LTFRB) on traruit advertisements.

(d) Common requirements anflor limitations:

Any printed or published, and broadcast election propaganda for or

against a candidate or group of candidates to any public office sha1l bear
and be identified by the reasonably legible or audible words "political
adaertisement paid fori' followed by the true and correct name and address
of the candidate or party for whose benefit the election propaganda was
Resolution No. 11086 Page 13 of 31
2025 NLBPE IRR of the Fair Election Act (RA 9006)

pdnted or aired. It shall also bear, and be identiJied by, the reasonably
legibie, or audible wotds "political adaertisement paid by," followed by the
true and cofiect name and address of the pa,vor. Thjs rule shall also applv
to online advertisements.

The notices required in the immediately preceding paragraph shall be

consiclered reasonably legible on printed materials, iI it complies with the
following:

(1) The notice must be of sufficient tvpe size to be clearly readable by the
reader of the inJormation.

A notice in at least twelve (12)-point type size satisfies the

requirement of this paragrapl'r when it is used for signs, posters,
flyers, newspapers, magazines, or other printed material that
measure no more than two (2) feet by tl-rree (3) feet.

(2) The notice must be contained in a printed box, set apart from tl-re other
contents of the sign, poster, flyer, or newspaper advertisement.

(3) The notice must be printed with a reasonable degree of color conhast
between the background and the printed statement. A notice satisfies
the color contrast requirement of this paragraph if it is printed in black
text on a white backgrould or if the degree o{ color contast between
the background and the text of the notice is no less than the color
contrast between the background and the largest text used in the
comrnunicatioll.

The notices required in the immediately preceding paragraph shall be

considered reasonably legible on televisiorL if it complies with the
following:

1 The notice must appear in letters equal to or greater than four (4)
percent of the vertical picture height;

11. The notice must be visible for the duration ol the broadcast
advertisemen! and

iii. The notice must appear with a reasonable degree of color contrast
from the background. A notice satisfies the color contrast
requilement of this paragraph iI it is displayed in black text on a
white backglound or if the degree of color conh'ast between the
background and the text of the notice is no less than the color
contrast between the background and the largest type size used in
the communication.
. Resolution No. 11086 Page 14 of 31
2025 NLBPE IRR of the Fair Elechon Act (RA 9006)

If the space for printed or published election propaganda is donated by

the publishing ftum, or the airtime for broadcast election propaganda is
given free of charge by the radio, or television station or cable television,
they shall bear and be identilied by the reasonably legible or audible
words "pinted free of charge," or " airtine for this broadcast utas prooided free
of clmrge by," respec[velv, followed b1, the hue and correct name arrd
address of the said publisl-ring firm or broadcast entity. This rule shall
aiso apply to onljne advertisernents.

A11 broadcast and digital mass media entifies shall preserve their
broadcast logs or analogous records for a period of five (5) years from the
date of broadcast for submission to the COMELEC whenever required.

Certified true copies of broadcast logs, certiFicates of perfor:rnance, and

certificates of acceptance/ or other analogous record shall be submitted,
as follows:

Candidates
1st Report
3 weeks after start of
05 March 2025
for campaign period
National
2nd Report
3 weeks after Lst filing 26March2025
Positions week
3rd Report 1 week before election dav 05 Mar,2025
Last Report Electior-r week '!.6Mav 2025
Candidates L week after the start of
1st Report 04 April2025
I
for Local campaign period
Positions
2nd Report
1 week after 1st filing 11 April2025
week
3rd Report Election week 12May2025
Last Report 1 week after election dav 19 Mav 2025 I

For subsequent elections, the schedule for the submission of reports shall be
prescribed by the COMELEC.

SECTIoN 12. Written Acceptance of Election Propaganda and/or Political

Aduertisements. -Election propaganda materials donated or contributed by any
person to a candidate shall not be printed, published or broadcasted, or
exhibited, unless they are accompanied by the written acceptance by said
candidate or party/ through the party treasurer.

Such written acceptance of the donated election propaganda materials must be

personal to the candidate or party treasurer, and cannot be delegated to their
duly authorized representatives designated to receive donations or
contributions.
,Resolution No. 11086 Page 15 of 31.
2025 NLBPE IRR of the Fair Election Act (RA 9006)

Srcuou 13. Fair and Accurqte Reporting. - members of the news media/
A11
television, radio, pdnt, or online, shall scrupulously report the news, taking
care not to suppress essential facts or distort the truth by omission or improper
emphasis. They shall recognize the duty to air the other side and the duty to
correct substantive errors promptly ald without prejudice to the right of said
broadcast elltities to ail accounts of sigrrificant news or newsworthy events and
views on matters of public interest.

Any person who, for purposes of obsfructing the performance of the foregoing
mandates, has committed violence against any member of the news media,
television, radio, print, or online, such as torture, physical harm, arbitrary
detention, en{orced disappearance, intimidatiory harassment, threaf and other
analogous forms of violence, shall be liable for an election offense.

SECTIoN 14. Prohibition Against Suspension or Otlrcr Actions on tlu Franchise. -No
franchise or permit to operate a radio or television station shall be granted or
issued, suspended, or cancelled during the election period.

SECTIoN 15. Affrmatiae Actionby the COMELEC. - The COMELEC shail procure
print space and airtime as follows:

(a) Print Space

The COMELEC, through the EID, shall procure print space upon
payment of just compensation from at least three (3) national newspapers
of general circulation which shall be utilized by COMELEC to armounce
equally and impartially the candidacies of persoru/party-list groups
rururing for national of{ice on three different calendar days, as follows:

1* day Within the filst week of the campaign period

I
2"d day Within the fifth week of the campaign period
3'd day Within the tenth week of the campaign period

@) Airtime

The COMELEC, through the EID, shall also procure free airtime from at
least three (3) national television networks and three (3) national radio
networks which shall be utilized by COMELEC to amounce equally and
impartially the candidacies of persons/party-list groups nurning for
national office on three di-fferent calendar days, as follows:

1d day Within the first week of the campaign period

2".r da Within the fiJth week of the campaign period
3'd day I Within the tenth week of the campaignperiod
,Resoiution No. 11086 Page 16 of 31
2025 NLBPE IRR oJ the Fah. Election Act (RA 9006)

(c) E-campaign platform

The COMELEC, through the EID, shall provide a plat{orm for free
livestreaming of campaign activities and/or lawful election propaganda
of national candidates/part1,-list groups. To ensure equal and impartial
of airtime in the e-campaign platform, the EID shall issue instructions to
national candidates/party-List goups on the availment and usage
thereof.

SECTIoN 16. Space and Time for COMELEC lnforruation Dissemination - The
COMELEC shall furthermore procure print space and air time as follows:

(a) Print Space

The COMELEC, through the EID, upon payment of just compensation,

shall procure print space in at least one (1) national newspaper of general
circulation which shall be lo-rown as "COMELEC Space" to be utilized
exclusively for public information dissemination on election-related
concerns.

(b) Airtime

The COMELEC, through the EID, shall also procure airtime free of charge
in at ieast one (1) major broadcasting station or entity which shall be
known as "COMELEC Time" to be ulilized exclusively for public
information dissemination on election-related concems.

SECTIoN 17. Rigltt to Reply. - A11 registered parties mdbona fde candidates shall
have the right to reply to charges published or aired against them. The reply
shall be given publicity by the rlewspaper/ televisiorL and/or radio station
which first printed or aired the charges with the same prominence or in the
same page or section, or in the same time slot as the first statement.

Registered parties and candidates may invoke the right to reply by submitting
within a nor-r-extendible period of thirty-six (36) hours from first broadcast or
publication, a formal verified claim against the mass media entity to the
COMELEC, through the appropriate Regional Election Dilector (RED), or in the
case of the National Capital Region (NCR), the EID. The formal verified claim
shall include a detailed enumeration of the circumstances and occurrences
which warrant the invocation of the right of reply and must be accomparted by
supporting evidence, such as a copy of the publication or recording of the
television or radio broadcast, as the case may be. The claimant must likewise
fumish a copy of the formal verified claim and its attachments to the mass
media entity concemed prior to the filing of the claim with the COMELEC.
, Resolution No. 11086 Page 17 of 31
2025 NLBPE IRR of tlrc Fair Election Act (RA 9006)

The COMELEC, through the appropriate RED or the EID, shall review the
formal verified claim within thirty-six (36) hours from receipt thereof, and i{
circumstances warrant, endorse the same to the mass media entity involved.
The mass media entity shall, within twenty-four (24) hours, submit its report to
the RED or EID, as the case maybe, explaining the action it has taken to address
the claim, fumishing a copy of the said report to the claimant.

Should the claimant insist that his/her right to reply was not addressed, he/she
malr file the appropriate petition and/or complaint, within two (2) days of
inaction of the filed verified claim, before the Office of the Clerk of the
Commission.

SECTIoN 18. Ratesfor Political Propaganda.s - During the election period, media
outlets shall give registered political parties and bona fde candidates a
discounted late for their election propaganda from the average of the published
rates in the last three (3) calendar years prior to tl-re election, as follows:

(a) For television - FiIty percent (50%);

(b) For radio - Forty percent (40%);
(c) Ior print - Ten percent (10%).

In no case shall rates charged to registered political parties and bona fide
candidates be higl-rer than rates charged to non-political advertisers.

Media outlets may give discounts higher than the above-mentioned rates;
provided, that the discor,rnt given to one candidate shall be the same given to
other candidates for the same posifion.

Ior this purpose, media outlets shali submit the average published rates
charged during the last three (3) years preceding the elections five (5) days
before the start of the election period to the Political Finance and Affairs
Department (PFAD).

It shall also submit a certiJication to the PFAD that the above discounted rates
or higher discounted rates were applied in charging the political parties, party
list groups and coalitions or bona fide candidates on their election propaganda.

SECTIoN \9. Regtlation of Election Propaganda tlrough Mass Media. - In all

instances, the COMELEC shall supervise the use and employment of press,
radio, online, and television facilities insofar as the placement of political
advertisements is concemed to ensure that candidates are given equal
opportunity under equal circumstances to make lo:rown their qualifications and

Republic Act No. 11207 entitled "AN AcT PRovrDrNc FoR REASoNABLE RATES FoR PourrcAl
ADVERTISEVIENTS, AMENDING FOR THE PURPOSE SECTION 11 OF REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9006,
oTHERWISE lc\lowN AS THE FAIR ELECTIoN Acf'. COMELEC Resolution No. 10517.
Resolution No. 11086 Page 18 of 3L
2025 NLBPE IRR of tle Fair Election Act (RA 9006)

their stand on public issues within the limits set forth in the Omrribus Election
Code, the Iair Election Act, and these Rules.

SEcuoN 20. Posting of Campaign ltLaterials. - Parties and candidates may post
lawful campaign material in:

(a) Authorized or designated common poster areas in public places, subject to

the requirements and limitations set forth in the next following section;
and

(b) Private property, provided that the posting has the consent of the owner
thereof and that Section 10 herein is complied with.

The posting of campaign materials in public places outside of the designated

corunon poster areas, on private property without the consent of the owner, or
in violation of Section 6 hereof, and in those places enumerated under Section
8 (f) hereof and the like, is prohibited. Persons posting the same shall be liable
together with the candidates and other persons who caused tl-re posting.

For this purpose/ there is a presumption that the candidates and parties caused
the posting of campaign materials outside the common poster areas i{ they do
not remove the same within three (3) days {rom notice of the Election Officer of
the city or murtcipality where the materials were posted or displayed.

Members of the Philippine National Police (PNP) and other law enforcement
agencies called upon by the Election Officer or other COMELEC officials mav
file the appropriate charges against the violators of this Section.

SECTIoN 21. Common Poster Areas (CPA). -Parnes and independent candidates
may/ upon authority of the COI\4ELEC, through the City or Municipal Election
Officer concemed, conshuct cofi[non poster areas, at their expense, wherein
they can post, display, or exhibit their election propaganda to announce or
further their candidacy subject to the following requirements and/or
limitations:

(a) A common poster area should not be a post, a tree, the wall of a building
or an existing public structure that is in aclive use, but a structure, the
location and number of which are speci{ied below, that is temporarily set
up by candidates and parties for the exclusive purpose of displaying their
campaign posters;

(b) hr no instance shall an Election Officer designate as conunon poster areas,

any trees, plants, shrubs located along public roads, in plazas, parks,
school premises or in any other public grounds. In cases where parties
and candidates still persist in displaying, posting, or exhibiting their
Resolution No. 11086 Page 19 of 31
2025 NLB PE IRR of the F au Election Act (RA 9006)

campaign or election propaganda on trees and plants, they shall be

prosecuted for violation of these Rules, wiflrout prejudice to the institution
of a criminal complaint {or the violation of Republic Act No. 35716;

(c) Each party and independent candidate, with prior consent from the
COMELEC, may put up corunon poster areas in every barangay, subject
to the following limitations:

5,000 registered voters or less 1 conrmon poster area

For every increment of 5,000 registered 1 additional corunon
voters, or a fraction thereof, thereafter poster area

(d) Such corrunon poster areas shall be allowed by the Election Of{icer only in
selected public places such as plazas, markets, barangay centers and the
like, where posters may be readily seen or read, and with the heaviest
pedestrian and/or vehicular h'affic in the cilv or municipality;

(e) The Election Officer shall make, and post tr his office, a list of the common
poster areas in each city or legislative district tr said city or municipality,
indicating therein their exact locations, and fumish each political party or
candidate copies of said list at the latter's expense, and also the Provincial
Election Supervisor and the EID Director;

(0 Thu Election Officer shall comply with his obligations in the immediately
preceding paragraph not later than five (5) days before the start of the
campaign period and failure to do so shall make him liable for gross
neglect of duty;

(g) The size of each common poster area for candidates shall not exceed the
following dimensions:

(1) For political parties and party-list groups - twelve (12) by sixteen (16)
feet, or its equivalent but not exceeding a total area of 192 square fee!
and

(2) For independent candidates - four (4) by six (6) feet or its equivalent but
not exceeding a total area of twenty-four (24) square feet.

&) The sizes of individual posters that may be posted in each commorl poster
area shall not exceed two (2) bv three (3) feet. However, in case of space
lirnitations, posters of candidates of political parties may be reduced to a
uniform size to accommodate all candidates. This regulation is also
violated by making single letters of names having the maximum size or

6 RA 3571, entitled ,,AN ACT To PRoHIBIT THE CL]-mING, DESTRoYNG OR IN]URD.IG OF PLANTED
OR GRoWING TRES, FLoWERNG PLANTS AND ST.IRUBS OR PLANTS OF SCENIC VALUE ALoNG
PUBUC RoAD' IN PLAZAS, PARK9 SCHooL PRm4ISES OR IN ANY OTHER PI-,EUC PLEASURI
CRornrD."
,I{esoluhon No. 11086 Page 20 of 31
2025 NLBPE IRR of the Fair Election Act (RA 9006)

lesser and then putting them together to form a size exceeding two (2) by
three (3) fee!

(i) The common poster areas allocated to parties and independent candidates
shall not be used by other parties and independent candidates even with
the consent of the former.

Parties and independent caldidates shall file their applications to

construct comnon poster areas with the Office of the City/Municipal
Election Officer concemed within five (5) days from the effectivity of
these guidelines or on such other date as may be deternrined by the
Commission; otherwise, they must accept the listing prepared by the
Election Officer.

Within five (5) days after the elections and without need of notice, the
parties and candidates who applied for the putfing up of common poster
areas shall tear down the same at their owrr expelrse and restore the site
into its original condition. A1l other campaign materials outside of the
coflunon poster areas shall likewise be removed.

Non-performance of this obligation shall be deemed a violation of the law

and regulation on the observance of common poster areas for which the
candidate concemed shall be liable for an election offense;

(j) The corunon poster areas put up for party-list groups/ organizations
ald/or coalitions thereof shall be allocated at the ratio of one (1) cornmon
poster area for every thirty-two (32) party-list groups, organizations
and/or coalitions thereof;

(k) In case there are less than thirty-two (32) party-list groups/ organizations
and/or coalitions, applying to put up corunon poster areas, the Election
Officer concerned shall reduce the size of the common poster area
depending on tl-re total number of applicants thereof, provided that each
group is entitled to post one two (2) feet by three (3) feet poster;

(1) In case flrere are more than thirty-two (32) party-list groups/ organizations
and/or coalitioru appl)'rng to put up the cofirmon poster areas, the
Election Officer concerned shall determine the appropriate number and
size of cofirnon poster areas to equitably accommodate the total number
of applicants, subject to the provisions of the irnmediately two (2)
preceding paragraphs;

(m)No law{ul election propaganda materials shall be allowed outside the

cofiunon poster areas except on private property with the consent of the
owner or in such other places mentioned in these guidelines. Any violation
hereof shall be punishable as an election offensei
, Resolution No. 11086 Page 21 of 31
2025 NLBPE IRR of the Fair Election Act (RA 9006)

(n) In all cases, the parties shall agree among themselves how their individual
posters in the common poster areas shall be placed. In case no agreement
is reached, the Election Officer concemed shall determine said placement
by drawing of lots;

(o) The Election Officer sha1l act on all applications for corunon poster areas
witl-rin tl-uee (3) davs from receipt thereof. For this purpose/ he/she shall
determine whether the proposed cofiunon poster area sites are public
places with heavy pedestrian or vehicular traffic, or business or
commercial centers, or densely populated areas, and equitably and
impartially allocate the sites to ensure maximum exposure of the lawful
propaganda materials of all parties and independent candidates;

(p) Any partv or independent candidate aggrieved by the action of the

Election Officer may appeal the same within two (2) days from receipt of
the order of said Election Officer to:

(1) The Provincial Election Supervisors (PES); or

(2) The Regional Election Director (RED), in the case of the National
Capital Region (NCR).

(Q fte PES or RED concemed shall decide the appeal within two (2) days
from receipt thereof, fumishing copies of the decision to the parties
concemed and to the Law Department of the COMELEC. The decision
shall be final and executory.

SECTIoN 22. Establishment of Headquarters. -

Every registered political party,
sectoral organization or coalition participating in the party-list system or
candidate may be allowed to establish a limited number of headquarters subject
to the following limitations:

(a) A registered party with national constituency ar-rd a national candidate

may establish one (1) headquarters in each province or highly urbanized
city;

@) A registered political party with regional constituency mav establish one

(1) headquarters in each province or highly urbanized city in the region;

(c) A regrstered political party with provincial constituency and a provincial

candidate may be allowed to establish one (1) headquarters in each
municipaiity;
Resolution No. 11085 Page 22 o131,
2025 NLBPE IRR of the Fair Election Act (RA 9006)

(d) Congressional candidates may be allowed to

establish one (1)
headquarters in the legislative district they seek to represent. Should their
legislative district be composed of several municipaLities, they may be
allowed to establish one (1) headquarters per municipality;

(e) City candidates mav be allowed to establish one (1) headquarters per
councilor dishjc!

(f) Municipal candidates may be allowed to establisl-r one (1) headquarters for
the entire municipality; and

(g) Lawful election propaganda may be displayed at headquarters subject to

the Linritations provided in Sec. 6 (g) ond Section 24 hereof.

SECTIoN 23. Submission of List of Location of Headquarters. - AlI parties and

candidates sI-rall submit within five (5) days from their establishment the list
showing the specific locations and addresses of all their headquarters, to the
following offices:

(a) National parties and candidates - Law Department and EID

(b) Regional political parties - Regional Election Director

(c) Provincial parties and candidates - Provincial Election Supervisor

(d) Citv and Municipal parties and candidates - Election Officer

(e) Palties and Candidates in the NCR - Regional Election Director of NCR

The officials of the COMELEC in paragraphs b, c, and d to whorn the lists of

headquarters are submitted shall furnish copies thereof to the Law Department
and the EID, within five (5) days from the receipt of the list.

SECTIoN 24. Headt1uarters Signboard. - Before the start of the campaign period,
only one (1) signboard, not exceeding three (3) feet by eight (8) feet in size,
identifying the place as the headquarters of the party or candidates is allowed
to be displaved. Parties may put up the signboard announcing their
headquarters not earlier than five (5) days before the start of the campaign
period. Individual candidates may put up the signboard arurouncing their
headquarters not earlier than the start of the campaign period. Only lawful
election propaganda material may be displayed or posted therein and only
during the campaign period.
,Resolution No. 11085 Page 23 of 31
2025 NLBPE IRR of the Fab Election Act (RA 9006)

SECTIoN 25. Prohibition ofi the Remoottl, Destnrction, or Defacenlent of Lautful

Election Propaganda. - During the campaign period, it is unlawful for any person
to remove, desh'oy, take down or, in any manner/ de{ace or tamper with, or
prevent the distribution of anv lawful election propaganda.

SECTIoN 26. Remooal or Confscation of Prohibited Propaganda Materials. Anv -

prohibited form of election propaganda shall be stopped, confiscated, removed,
or taken down by COMELEC representatives, at the expense of tl-re candidate
or political party for whose apparellt benefit the prohibited election
propaganda materials have been produced, displayed, and disseminated.

Anv persory party, associatiory government agenclr may likewise report to the
COMELEC any prohibited form of election propaganda for confiscatiory
removal, altdl or prevention of the distribution of any propaganda material on
the ground that the same is illegaf as listed in these guidelines.

The COMELEC may, ruofii proprio, inrmediately order the removal and/or
confiscation of any:

(a) Proldbited propaganda materials;

@) Materials which contain statements or representations that are illegaf

(c) Materials that do not complv with the mandatory disclosures or messages
required by this Resoiutioni

(d) Materials that are deemed to have violated intellectual property rights as
determined by the IPOPHL.

SECTIoN 27. Creation of Task Force to Take Duon and Reruooe Unlautful Election
Materials. - There is hereby created a task force in each city and municipality
composed of the Election Officer as Chairperson, the City or Provincial
Prosecutor or any Prosecutor duly designated for the purpose as Vice
Chairperson, and a representative from the Department of Public Works and
Highways (DPWH) and Departrnent of Environment and Natural Resources
(DENR) as Members, to tear down and remove all unlawful election materials.
For NCR, a replesentative from the Meh'o Manila Development Authority
(MMDA) shall also be designated as member. The Chailperson of the Task
Force may, at his/her discretiorL include other agencies or organizations in the
Task Force.
Resolution No. 11086 Page 24 of 31
2025 NLBPE IRR of the Fair Election Act (RA 9006)

The Task Force shall have the following duties and functions:

(a) To take down and remove campaign propagalda materials posted i1

public places outside the common poster areas;

(b) To take down and remove all prohibited forms of campaign materials
wherever posted or displayed in public places;

(c) To monitor and watch out for persons posting or distributing said
unlawful election paraphemalia; and

(d) To submit a report of said activities to the Office of the Regional Election
Director (ORED).

The PNP/Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP), as deputized by the

COMELEC, shall assist the Task Force by ensuring the security throughout the
activity.

SECTIoN 28. Modes of remooal or dismantling of prohibited forms of campaign

ruaterials. -

(a) Simple abatement or the summary removal of illegal campaign materials

cleariy seen in prohibited locations such as those outside the common
poster areas or in public places.

(b) Punitive abatement or the removal of illegal campaign materials subject

to Notice and preparatory to the filing of appropriate legal action.

The procedure fol this folm of abatement are as follows:

(1) The Election Officers shall survey they respective areas of jurisdiction
and document illegal campaign materials by taking photographs,
indicating their location, date and time. The date and time shall be
proven by a newspaper of the day, and there shall be at least one
article prominently visible to authenticate the date when it was taken.
The photos must be strategically taken showing the landmarks of the
locations where the illegal campaign materials are posted.

(2) The Election Officer shall immediately send the Notice to Remove to
the candidates to their designated "addLess for Election Purposes"
indicated in their Certificates of Car-rdidacy. The Notice to Remove
shall contain the following:
Resolution No. 11086 Page 25 of 31
2025 NLBPE IRR of the Fair Election Act (RA 9006)

i. Description of the illegal campaign materials;

11. Location where they were seen with landmarks;

111 Speci{ic violation/ s comntttedi

lV. Instruction to remove the campaign material witllin seventy-two

(72) hours with mention of the penalty in case of {ailure to
comply;

Signature of the Election Officer; and

V1 A clear photo of the campaign material earlier documented shall

be attached to the Notice for reference of the candidate. Seventy-
two (72) hours shall be counted after receipt of the Notice bv the
candidate concemed or a person of sufficient age and discretion
at tl-re address indicated with his/her full name, signature and
date of receipt of the copy, either by personal service or express
mail.

A sample template of said Notice is attached hereto as Annex "A".

In case o{ failure to remove the same within seventy-two (72) hours

from Notice, such candidate is presumed to be the owner or the
person who caused such violation.

(3) An Affidavit of Service shall be executed by the COMELEC staif who

has served or mailed the same.

(4) After seventy-two (72) hours, the Election Officer, in coordination

with parf,rers shall return to tl"re place where the illegal campaign
material is located to inspect the same. If the material is still there,
he/she shall take a photo of it with the newspaper of the day, to
authenticate the fact that it is still there despite the lapse of seventy-
lwo (72) hours, after which it will be taken down in a marrrer that wili
preserve its evidentiary va1ue. For purposes of proper identification
of evidence, tl"re following shall be written at the back thereto:

1 Name of the Candidate/s or Parties;

u Specific place where campaign posters were removed from;

iii. Date of removal;

iv. Nature of violation (oversized, placed outside the CPA, etc.);

, Resolution No. 11086 Page 26 ol31
2A25 MBPE lkR of the Fair Election Act (RA 9006)

v. Names and signatures of witlesses;

vi. Name of the Election Officer and his/her signature;

(5) The Election Officer shall prepare a Complaint-Affidavit or

Sinuntpaang Salaysay detailing the circumstances of the commission of
the election o{fense with the following attachments:

i. Tlle original Notice to Remove (with attached photo/s) with

proof of receip!

ii. Notarized Affidavit of Service;

iii. A photo to show non-compliance to the Notice on the date of the

removal after seventy-two (72) hours; and

iv. The actual campaign material with the signatures of the Election
Officer and wibresses therein.

For this purpose/ all Regional Election Directors, Assistant Regional

Electior"r Directors, Regional Election Attomeys, Provincial Election
Supervisors and Eiection Officers who are members of the Philippine
Bar are authorized to administer oath.

(6) Submit to the Law Departmer-rt for evaluation and/or docketing.

(4 The Law Department, after evaluation and finding basis for probable
cause, shall refer to the Regional Election Director for the conduct of
a Preliminary Investigation.

(8) The Regional Election Dilector may designate an Investigating Officer

who must be a member of the bar.

(9) The Investigathg Officer shall conduct preliminary investigation by:

1 Requiring respondent/s to submit verified Counter Affidavits

with affidavits of wibresses;

11. Conduct of clarificatory hearing/s, if necessary, to ascertain

factual issues; and

iii. Submit the Findings/Recommendations in accordance with the

periods required by Ore Law Department.
Resolution No. 11086 P age 27 ol 31,
2025 NLBPE IRR of the Fau. Election Act (RA 9006)

(10) The ORED shall tralsmit to the Law Department the Findings and
Recommendation o{ the Investigating Officer;

(11) The Law Department shall review the Findings and Recommendation
of the Investigating Officer and submit to the Commission En Banc its
owrr recofiunendation; and

(12) TIre Commission En Banc shall issue a resolution affirming, denying,

and/or modifying the recommendation of the Law Department.

SECTIoN 29. Renroaal of Prohibited Propagandn Mateials Before tlrc Start of tlu
Cantpaign Period. - All prohibited forms of election propaganda shall be
immediately removed, or caused to be removed, by said candidate or party at
least seventy-lwo (72) hours before the start of the campaign period.

The prohibited forms of propaganda contemplated in this Section include any

names, images, logos, brands, insignias, initials, and other fornrs of identifiable
graphical representations on any public strucfures or places as enumerated in
Section 8 (f1 of these guidelines placed by incumbent officials.

SECTIoN 30.Remoual of Propaganda Mateials After the Electtons. - Wittrin five (5)
days after tl-re elections ald without need of notice, the candidates shall remove
or cause to remove all their election propaganda at their expenses or for whose
apparent benefit the election propaganda materials have been produced,
displayed, and disseminated.

SECTIoN 31.. Proper Disposal of Election Propaganda Confscated, Remorred or Taken

DotLm by COMELEC and/or its Deputies. - All materials confiscated, removed, or
taken down pursuant to this Resolution shall be disposed of in accordance with
subsequent guidelines to be issued by the Commission.
SECTIoN 32. Election Sunreys. - During the election period, any person/ whether
natulal or juridical, candidate or organization may conduct an election survey.
Should they decide to pubJish the said slrrvey for pubLic consumptiory thev
must likewise publish the following information:

(a) The name of the person, candidate, party or organization that

comnrissioned, paid for, or subscribed to the survey;

(b) The name of the person, polling firm or survey organization who
conducted the survey;
ftesolution No. 11086 Page 28 of 31
2025 NLBPE IRR of the Fah' Election Act (RA 9006)

(c) The pedod during which the survey was conducted, the methodology
used, including the number of individual respondents and the areas ftom
which they were selected, and the specific questions askedi

(d) The margin of error of the survey;

(e) For each question where the margin of error is gleater than that reported
under paragraph (d), the margin of error for that question; and

(f) A mailing address and contact information at which the sponsor can be
reached to obtain a written report regarding the survey in accordance with
the next succeeding paragraph.

The survey together with the raw data gathered to support its conclusions shall
be available for inspection, copying and verification by the COMELEC. Any
violalion of this Section shall constitute an election offense.

SECTIoN 33. Exit Polls. - Exit polls may only be taken subject to the following
requirements:

(a) Pollster shall not conduct their surveys within thirty (30) meters from the
voting center;

(b) Pollsters shall wear distinctive clothing and prominently wear their
identification cards issued by the organization they represen!

(c) Pollsters shall inform the voters that they may refuse to answer;

(d) The results of the exit polls may be announced after the closing of the polls
on election day, and must identify the total number of respondents, and
the places where they were taken. Said armouncement shall state that the
same is unofficial and does not represent a trer-rd; and

(e) The conduct of exit polls shall not block the ingress to and egress from the
voting center of other voters, cause any fraffic of motor vehicles, or cause
the crowding of people.

Sncrron 34. Application for Perruit to Hold Public Meetings, Rallies or Other
Political Actiuities. - A1l appLications for permits to hold public meefir-rgs, ralLies
and other similar political activities shall be filed with the authorized city or
municipal official wl-ro shal1 acknowledge thereof in writing. Immediately after
its filtrg, the application shall be posted in a conspicuous place in the city or
municipal hall or building.
fesolution No.
11086 Page 29 of 31,
2025 NLBPE IRR of the Fai Election Act (RA 9006)

The official before whom the application is filed shall submit to the Election
Officer concemed on the first working day of each week the list of applications,
if aly, filed during the previous week and the action taken thereon.

SECTIoN 35. Action on Applicahon for Perruit. - Within three (3) days after the
filing of an application for permit to hold public meetings, r'allies or other
political aclivities, the local authoritv concemed shall act in writing on said
application. Any application not acted upon within three (3) days from the date
of its fiLing shall be deemed approved.

In acting on the appLicatioru the approving official shall give all candidates and
parties equal and fair opportunity as to date, time and place, to hold public
poLitical meetings or rallies. ln the last week of the campaign period, all
independent candidates and parties shall be entitled to hold at least one public
meeting or rally, in the public plaza or place where public political meetings or
rallies are usually held.

A.n application for permit shall be denied only on the ground that a prior
written application by another candidate or party has been approved. Denial
of any application may be appealed to the PES or to the RED, for cases in the
National Capital Region, who shall decide the same within fort"v-eight (48)
hours after the {iling of the appeal, and shall give notice of the decision to the
parties. The decision shall be final and executory.

SECTIoN 36. Prolibited Acts Duing Public ltAeetings. - It is urLlawful for any
candidate, party or any person to give or accept/ free of charge, directly or
indirectly, trarsportatiory food and drinks, or anythtrg of value during and
within the five (5) hours before and after a pubLic meeting, or to give or
contribute, directly or indirectly, money or things of value for such purpose.

SECTIoN 37. E-rallies and Lioestreants Allowed. - Any political party or any
candidate, individually or jointly with other aspiralts, may hold peaceful
online poLitical meetings, rallies or other similar activities during the campaign
period. Such online poLitical meetings, ralliss, ar4 similar activities are not
covered by the lirnitations on broadcast advertising.

Live streaming on the candidates' social media platforms sha1l be considered a

form of e-rally, subject to the following rules:

(a) A11 e-rallies shall include a disclosure that idenlifies it as a political meeting
or rally and provide the relevant date, time, and localion information. For
this purpose, a Livesh'eam on the candidate's social media platforms shall
be considered a political meeting or ralIy.

(b) Candidates may receive in-platform gifts and game currency but shall not
be allowed to give giJts to livestream audiences, nor to run promotions and
Resolution No. 11086 Page 30 of 31
2025 NLBPE IRR of tlt Fair Election Act (RA 9006)

campaigns that will award h-platform gifts or game currency to platform

users and livestream audiences.

SECTIoN 38. Mass ltLedia Coluntnist, Announcer or Personality Running for Public
Olfce or is a Canryaign Volunteer. - Any mass media columnist, commentator,
announcer, or reporter who is a candidate for any elective public office, a party-
list nominee, or is a campaign volunteer for or employed or retained i.
a.y
capacity by aoy candidate or party shall be deemed resigned" if so required bv
their employer, or shall take a leave of absence fuom his/her work as such
during the campaign period; Provided, that after he/she has filed his certificate
of candidacy but before the campaign period, it shall be his/her obligation not
to use his media work for premature election campaign or partisan political
activity: Provided, finall1,, that any media practitioner who, while not himseif
a candidate, is an official of a political pafty or a member of the campaign sta{f
of a candidate or party sha1l not use his/her time or space to favor any
caldidate or party.

SECTIoN 39. Deputizatiorz - The COMELEC hereby deputizes the Philippine

Information Agency (PIA) and enlists the assistance of Kapisanan ng mga
Brodkasters ng Pilipinas (KBP), to assist the Commissioru in coordination with
the EID, in the dissemination of these Rules.

The COMELEC hereby deputizes local government units (LGUs), the

Department of the Interior and Local Govemment (DILG), DENR, DPWH, and
MMDA to assist the Comrnission in removing and taking down of unlawful
election propaganda materials without any partiality and to provide facilities
and/or equipment necessarv in takedown of illegal propaganda materials and
perform such other duties and functions as the Commission may prescribe
from time to time.

SECTIoN 40. Election Offense.- As stated in Section 13 of the RA 9006 or the Fair
Election Act, violation of the said law and these implementing Rules and
Regulations sha-ll constitute an election offense punishable under Section 264 of
the Omnibus Election Code and other pertinent laws, rules and regulations,
whenever applicable.

Any aggrieved party may file a verified complaint for violation of these Rules
with the COMELEC Law Department, or the Office of the Regional Election
Director (ORED), Office of the Provincial Election Supervisor (OPES), or the
Office of the Election Officer (OEO) where the alleged violation took place.

SECTIoN Effectiaity. - This Resolution sha-Il take e{fect on the seventh (7th)
41,.
day after its publication in two (2) daily newspapers of general circulation in
the Philippines. This Resolution supersedes all previous resolutions
incoruistent herewith.
 Resolution No. 11086 Page 31 of 31
2025 NLBPE IRR of the Fatu Election Act (RA 9006)

SECTIoN 42. Publication and Dissentination. - The Educalion and In{ormation

Department shall cause the publication of this Resolution in at least two (2)
daily newspapers of general circulation in the Philippfules, post the resolution
in the COMELEC website, and fumish copies thereof to all field offices of the
COMELEC. Tl-ris Resolution shall likewise be disseminated to govemment
agencies deputized by the Commission to assist in the implementation of the
Fair Election Act.

SO ORDERED.

GEORGE ERWIN M. GARCIA

Chairman

SOCORRO B. INTING MARLON S. CASQUEJO

Commissioner Commissioner

AIMEE P. FEROLINO REY E. BULAY

Commissioner Commissioner

ERNESTO FERDINAND P. MACEDA,JR. NELSON l. CELrS

Commissioner Commissioner

CERTIFICATION
APPROVED for publication on Decenrber 9,2024.

CONS E O B. DIOLA
Director IV
Offce of the COMELEC Secretary

This Resolution can be verified at this number (02) 8527-2987 and email address at
comsec@come1ec. gov.ph.