CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the study

As a future promising material, zinc oxide is an n-type, direct wide band-gap

semiconductor material having several applications in UV/blue optoelectronics,

transparent electronics, spintronics and sensor applications [1]. This functional

nanomaterial exhibiting interesting electrical properties have recently gained huge

interest of the researcher because of its novel properties related with nanoscale

dimensions and large surface area. ZnO nanostructures are attention-grabbing for their

outstanding physical properties, such as high electrical conductivity, transparent nature,

photoluminescence in ultra-violet and visible region, etc. [2]. In spite of higher exciton

binding energy, zinc oxide has a lot of other virtues including its ability to easily grow on

any type of substrate such as single crystal, glass, plastic, polymer etc., low threshold

value and bio compatibility[1].

Zinc oxide has been commonly used in a wide range of applications such as ZnO

Based Nano-Generator for Self-Powered Nanodevices, Zinc Oxide Nanolasers, Light-

Emitting Diodes (LEDs), Solar Cells and Light Detectors, Electronic Device Fabricators,

Hydrogen Generation and Storage and Sensors. Due to the advanced technological

applications, zinc oxide became an object of the worldwide research and development.

In this study, an electrodeposited zinc oxide nanostructures sample that was

obtained by electrochemical deposition method is to be characterized using cellular

phone as spectrometer. This device is used to measure the absorbance, transmittance and
light intensity of the sample by exposing in red, green and white Light Emitting Diode

(LED). Thus, this paper will show the possibility of taking an ordinary cellphone, with a

camera to turn into a spectrometer.

1.2 Statement of the Problem

The primary concern of this problem is to optically characterize this

electrodeposited zinc oxide nanostructures sample by measuring its absorption spectra in

using cell phone spectrometer. This also sought to compare the results to the optical

analysis of the previous researcher, J. Patricio.

1.3 Significance of the Study

This study would aid the readers and researchers to determine the absorption

spectra of the zinc oxide nanostructures using cellular phone as spectrometer. The

verification of this result could help the young scientists to develop other methods of

characterizing the sample or other substance desired. It will also lead the prober to

construct a cheaper characterization set-up.

1.4 Objectives

This paper aims to:

a. To characterize the electrodeposited zinc oxide nanostructures using absorption

spectroscopy technique.

b. To establish the capability of cellphone spectrometer to do optical

characterization particularly absorption spectroscopy.

2
1.5 Scope and Limitations of the Study

This study is limited only for:

a. The utilization of the ZnO sample provided by the previous researcher.

b. The absorption spectroscopy using cell phone spectrometer.

3
 CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

2.1 Theoretical Background

Zinc oxide is the most promising inorganic oxide, which is widely being used for

fabrication of devices and other applications [1]. The synthesis of semiconductor crystals

with well-defined shapes, sizes, and structures has attracted extraordinary interest in

order to realize their unique properties that not only depend on their chemical

composition, but also on their shape, structure, phase, and size. Among various synthesis

methods, electrochemical deposition represents a simple and inexpensive solution based

method for synthesis of semiconductor nanostructures [3].

2.1.1 Zinc Oxide Nanostructures

ZnO is a well-known II–VI semiconductor; it has a direct band gap in the

ultraviolet range and a large exciton binding energy, which made it a great

application prospect due to its extrusive physical properties. Its properties are of

low cost, large-area native substrates, low temperature growth, and an exciton

electron binding. The band gap of ZnO is ideal for light-emitting diodes (LEDs),

laser diodes, and photo-detectors in the ultraviolet (UV) wavelength range [4].

With the help of the discovery of carbon nanotubes, nanostructures and

nanomaterials have attracted great interest in the recent years. Zinc oxide

nanostructures have become attractive building blocks for devices in light-

emitting diodes, solar cells, sensors, field emitters, and piezoelectric devices in

4
recent years. The reports of ZnO nanobelts and nanolasers have spurred a great

interest in studies on the synthesis and applications of ZnO nanostructures. It has

been shown that band edge, exciton energies, and UV luminescence of ZnO

nanostructures are affected by crystallite size and crystal morphology. In order to

exploit this broad range of applications, it is desirable to tailor the electronic

properties of ZnO [5].

ZnO is a material that has diverse structures, whose configurations are

much richer than any known nanomaterials including carbon nanotubes. It is

characterized by several useful properties. It has a wide band gap (3.3-3.4eV), it

exhibits large exciton binding energy (60 meV) near UV-emission and transparent

conductivity. These properties make ZnO a promising material in photovoltaic

energy conversion. It has the ability to grow high quality film/crystal, having

extremely low contents of impurities and lattice defects (e.g. stacking faults,

dislocations and grain boundaries). Furthermore, due to the non-centrosymmetric

wurtzite structure of the ZnO crystal, these nanostructures have a piezoelectric

character, while the net ionic charges of the Zn 2+ -terminated facets and O 2—

terminated facets produces spontaneously positively charged Zn-(0001) and

negatively charged O-(000-1) polar surfaces along the c-axis. Because of these

behaviors, they are useful in building electro-mechanical coupled sensors and

transducers. ZnO is also a bio-safe and bio-compatible material therefore it can be

directly used without coating. Lastly, it has high-energy radiation stability which

makes it very suitable for space applications [6].

5
 With these unique properties, ZnO is one of the most important

nanomaterials for integration with microsystems and biotechnology, but the

feasibility of ZnO for these applications is due also to successful synthesis of

diverse nanostructures. For instance, high surface area ZnO nanocrystals such as

nanotubes or nanorods enhance photon-to-electron conversion efficienc`y [6].

2.2 Related Studies

Here are some significant studies about electrodeposited zinc oxide

nanostructures that have been successfully done:

2.2.1 Zinc Oxide Nanostructures

2.2.1a Growth

A study of A. Azizi, M. R. Khelladi, L. Mentar, V. Subramaniam

entitled “A study on Electrodeposited of Zinc Oxide Nanostructures”

prepared zinc oxide (ZnO) nanostructures by electrodeposition technique

from aqueous zinc nitrate solution at 65 °C onto fluorine doped tin oxide

(FTO) coated glass substrates were investigated. Characterization of ZnO

nanostructures was realized using classical electrochemical techniques,

scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD)

techniques. Cyclic voltammetry experiments were performed to

determinate the potential for electrodeposition. Since single-step potential

experiment in the potential ranges from -1.1 to -1.4 V, the formation of

ZnO nuclei in the early deposition stages was proceeded according to the

6
three dimensional (3D) instantaneous nucleation followed by diffusion-

limited growth rather than a progressive one. SEM images demonstrated

that the morphology of ZnO nanostructures depend greatly on the potential

depositions. X-ray diffraction studies revealed that the deposited films

were polycrystalline in nature with wurtzite phase.

Another paper entitled “Zinc Oxide Nanostructures; Synthesis,

Characterizations and Device Applications” by S. C. Singh synthesizes

zinc oxide nanostructures by solution routes. This method deals with the

reaction between zinc precursor and a reducing agent in the presence of

stabilizing agents. Different solutions based routes such as precipitation,

solvothermal, hydrothermal, sol–gel, micro-emulsion, combustion,

electrochemical, sono-chemical were used for this synthesis. Another way

of synthesizing is gas-phase methods such as Chemical Vapor Deposition

(CVD), Physical Vapor Deposition and Spray Pyrolysis Deposition. These

methods are usually used for the fabrication of zinc oxide thin films or

nanostructures on the particular substrate applicable for devices.

As a result of this experimental research, zinc oxide was proven to

be one of the best semiconductors materials with advanced technological

applications in the fabrication of semiconductor laser diodes, light

emitting diodes, transistors/FETs, Solar cells for energy harvesting,

Lithium ion and fuel cells for energy storage, sensors (Physical, biological

as well as chemical), hydrogen generation and its storage, environmental

pollution monitoring and biological/medical applications. It provides

7
material for laser diodes with broad spectral coverage from deep UV to

near IR, white as well as colored LEDs. As the highest conversion

efficiency of zinc oxide based DSCs have reached up to 4–5% yet, which

is too lower than that based on the titanium dioxide base DSCs, but it is

expected that zinc oxide it may be used to replace Si based costly solar

cells with high efficiency. ZnO has also been considered for spintronics

applications if it is doped with 1–10% of magnetic ions (Mn, Fe, Co, V,

etc.) and becomes ferromagnetic, even at room temperature. The

piezoelectricity in textile fibers coated with ZnO has been shown capable

of fabricating “self-powered nanosystems” with everyday mechanical

stress from wind or body movements. Instead of technological and

biological applications it has also tremendous industrial applications.

There is large number of cheap and simple available physical and

chemical, solution and vapor phase routes for the synthesis of wide

morphology of zinc oxide nanostructures with great optoelectronic,

electronic, spintronic and optical properties, which makes it more popular

amongst the researchers.

A much simpler two-electrode electrochemical cell method has

been successfully used by a young scientist, Jonathan Patricio, to deposit

zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles from 0.4M aqueous solution with pH of

5.8 onto Pt-coated glass slides as substrates. This study is entitled

“Electrochemical Deposition in situ of Zinc Oxide Nanoflakes and

Nanowhiskers in a Two-Electrode Cell”. The concentration and pH of the

8
electrolyte are kept constant and the applied potential at the electrode and

electrolyte bath temperature are tailored to allow fast growth without

complexity. The morphological properties were investigated by Scanning

Electron Microscopy (SEM) which confirmed the synthesis of Nanoflakes

and Nanowhiskers. The elemental composition was obtained by SEM-

Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectrometry (SEM-EDX) which showed the

presence of impurities on the sample such as chlorine and sodium atoms

acquired from the used rosin flux and the added NaOH pellets,

respectively. The optical inspection was also performed by Ultraviolet-

Visible (UV-Vis) Spectrophotometer to determine the band-gap energy of

electrodeposited sample that is found to be approximately equal to 3.38eV.

Thus, the successful deposition was done using the improvised assembly

with 65ºC-3.8V-120RMP parameter and found the onset of nucleation at

39ºC.

2.2.1b Optical Characterization

A study entitled “Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles for Ultraviolet

Photodetection” by Shayla Sawyer, Liqiao Qin and Christopher Shing

created Zinc Oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles by a top-down wet-chemistry

synthesis process (ZnOA) and then coated with polyvinyl-alcohol (PVA)

(ZnO-U). In ZnO-U, strong UV emission was apparent while the parasitic

green emission, which normally appears in ZnO suspensions, was

suppressed. A standard lift-off process via e-beam lithography was used to

9
fabricate a detector by evaporating Aluminum (Al) as ohmic electrodes on

the ZnO nanoparticle film. Photoconductivity experiments showed that

linear current-voltage response were achieved and the ZnO-U

nanoparticles based detector had a ratio of UV photo-generated current

more than 5 times better than that of the ZnO-A based detector. In

addition, non-linear current-voltage responses were observed when inter-

digitated finger Gold (Au) contacts were deposited on ZnO-U. The UV

generated current to dark current ratios were between 4 and 7 orders of

magnitude, showing better performance than the photodetector with Al

contacts. ZnO-U were also deposited on Gallium Nitride (GaN) and

Aluminum Gallium Nitride (AlGaN) substrates to create spectrally

selective photodetectors. The responsivity of detector based on AlGaN is

twice that of commercial UV enhanced Silicon photodiodes. These results

confirmed that ZnO nanoparticles coating with PVA is a good material for

small-signal, visible blind, and wavelength selective UV detection.

The main points for this thesis entitled “Synthesis and

Characterization of ZnO Nanostructures” by Li Li Yang are not only to

successfully realize the controllable growth of ZnO nanorods (ZNRs),

ZnO nanotubes (ZNTs) and ZnMgO/ZnO heterostructures, but also

investigate the structure and optical properties in detail by means of

scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope

(TEM), resonant Raman spectroscopy (RRS), photoluminescence (PL),

10
time resolved PL (TRPL), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and

Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS).

A study on “Synthesis and Optical Properties of ZnO Hierarchical

Nanostructures” by Hydrothermal Method by Jing Zhang, Daqiang Gao,

Guijin Yang, Zhonghua Zhu, Jinlin Zhang, Zhenhua Shi, different ZnO

nanostructures are prepared by a two-step hydrothermal method. X-ray

diffraction results show that all samples are the typical hexagonal wurtzite

structure without any other new phase. SEM and TEM images show that

the morphology of the films can be controlled from hexagonal nanorods

(irregular/regular) to hierarchical nanostructure (nanorods covered by

nanoflakes) through regulating the concentration of the solutes. The

intensity of A1(LO) in Raman spectra caused by defects monotonously

enhances with the increase of the moles. Additionally, the UV-vis

absorption spectra were also measured.

A study by P. A. Rodnyi and I. V. Khodyuk which entitled

“Optical and Luminescence Properties of Zinc Oxide” generalized and

systematized basic experimental data on optical and luminescence

properties of ZnO single crystals, thin films, powders, ceramics, and

nanocrystals. The researchers considered and studied mechanisms by

which two main emission bands occur, a short-wavelength band near the

fundamental absorption edge and a broad long-wavelength band, the

maximum of which usually lies in the green spectral range. They also

determine a relationship between the two luminescence bands and study in

11
 detail the possibility of controlling the characteristics of ZnO by varying

the maximum position of the short-wavelength band. This paper showed

that the optical and luminescence characteristics of ZnO largely depend on

the choice of the corresponding impurity and the parameters of the

synthesis and subsequent treatment of the sample. Prospects for using zinc

oxide as a scintillator material are discussed. Additionally, we consider

experimental results that are of principal interest for practice.

2.2.2 Cellphone Spectrometer

Alexander Scheeline and Kathleen Kelley created an experiment “Cell

Phone Spectrometer: Learning Spectrophotometry by Building and Characterizing

an Instrument” by letting the students identified the spectra of a white Light

Emitting Diode (LED) using their own camera. The images taken were exported

to the software, Cellphone Spectrometer, installed in the computer and interpreted

the absorption spectra.

Another experiment by Shekaina Faith C. Lozada entitled “Absorption

Spectroscopy of Plant Leaves Using Cellular Phone as Spectrometer” used LEDs

as light source in obtaining the absorption spectroscopy of Dieffenbachia and

Spathiphyllum plant leaves using Cellphone Camera used to capture images

downloaded software called Cellular Phone Spectrometer used for the analysis.

The study shows the capability of a cellphone to be a spectrometer. The

reflectance and absorption plots for the samples were obtained. Thus, the result of

12
this study shows that absorption and output plots are only visible in the red end of

the electromagnetic spectrum.

“Absorption Spectroscopy of 10 Herbal Plants” research study was

achieved by a young researcher, Juzalin Costuya, with a white LED as a light

source and using a cellphone spectrometer. 10 herbal plants such as avocado

(Persea americana), banana (Lagerstroemia speciosa, guava (Psidium guajava),

oregano (Origanum syriacum), insulin plant (Chamaecostus cupidatus),

katakataka (Bryophyllum pinnatum), mayana (Coeus blumei benth), sambong

(Blumea balsamifera), tabon-tabon (Guettarda speciosa linn), and yerba buena

(Mentha cordifolia opiz) were used as samples and only the leaves were

considered. It was observed that the plants absorbed on the blue and red region,

most likely at 440-490 nm and at 620-720 nm. Some of the plants absorbed light

in the green region; this may be due to some pigments that were present in the

plants.

13
 CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY

3.1 Experimental Apparatus

3.1.1 Light Emitting Diode

Light-Emitting Diode (LED), device that emits visible light or infrared

radiation when an electric current passes through it. LEDs are made of

semiconductors, or electrical conductors, mixed with phosphors, substances that

absorb electromagnetic radiation and reemit it as visible. In this study, white, red

and green LEDs are used as light source.

3.1.2 UV Light or Black Light

Black Light, term commonly applied to radiation that borders the visible-

light region of the electromagnetic spectrum. This includes both long-wavelength

ultraviolet radiation and short-wavelength infrared radiation, but most commonly

implies the former.

3.1.3 Converging Lens

These lenses are thicker in the center than on the edge, commonly called

convex lenses or converging lenses. The light coming out of the lens converges

and focuses on a point.

14
3.1.4 8.0 Megapixel Acer Android Phone

This device is used to capture the reflected light from white screen and

sample. The images taken will be transferred to the computer.

3.1.5 Cellphone Spectrometer

This type of software is used to convert the images into pixels. It will also

process the plot for light intensity vs. wavelength, transmittance vs. wavelength,

and absorbance vs. wavelength. It is free downloadable from the internet

(http://www.asdlib.org/onlineArticles/elabware/Scheeline_Kelly_Spectrophotome

ter/).

3.1.6 Electrodeposited Zinc Oxide Nanostructures

This sample was provided by the previous researcher, Mr. Jonathan N.

Patricio. It is produced by electrochemical deposition using two-electrode

electrochemical cell system.

Figure 3.1 Schematic diagram of the synthesis of the sample

15
3.2 Experimental Set-up

3.2.1 Without Sample

The experimental set-up shows the steps in this experiment. The lens

focused the light produced by the light source white screen. The reflected light

from the screen was captured by the cellphone camera. The images transmitted to

the computer where the cellphone spectrometer was installed and served as the

reference image.

Figure 3.2 Schematic diagram of the set-up without sample.

3.2.2 With Sample

The experimental set-up shows the hierarchy of the steps in this

experiment. The lens focused the light emitted by the light source towards the

ZnO sample. The light transmitted from the sample stroked through the white

screen. The cellphone camera captured the reflected light emitted by white screen.

The captured images transmitted to the computer where the cellphone

spectrometer was installed.

16
 Figure 3.3 Schematic diagram of the set-up with ZnO sample.

3.3 Data Gathering

The imported images from the cellphone to the computer were analyzed

by the cellphone spectrometer software. The images were converted into pixels. The

software measured the spectrum of the sample and provided plots (e.g. intensity vs.

pixels, intensity vs. wavelength).

3.4 Analysis, Interpretation and Discussion

The product of the experiment analyzed and discussed. The data points obtained

from the cellphone spectrometer plotted using QtiPlot. The graph of the transmittance

and absorbance of the ZnO sample will be discussed.

17
 CHAPTER IV

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

4.1 Absorbance spectra

The figure below shows the absorbance spectra vs. wavelength of

electrodeposited ZnO nanostructures illuminated by UV light, red, green and white

LEDs. When red LED (shown in red) is used, the highest absorption peak is at around

495 nm. For green LED (shown in green), the highest absorption peak is at around 459

nm. And for white LED (shown in blue), the highest absorption peak is at around 418

nm. Both the highest absorption peak for spectra using red and green LEDs fall on the

blue region (450-500 nm) of the visible spectrum. For the spectra using white LED, the

highest absorption peak falls on the violet region (400-450 nm) of the visible spectrum.

In contrast, the shortest absorption peak is at around 443 nm when using UV light (shown

in magenta).

Figure 4.1 Absorbance spectra of electrodeposited ZnO nanostructures using UV light,

18
 red, green and white LEDs.

4.2 Transmittance Spectra

Figure 4.2 Transmittance spectra of electrodeposited ZnO nanostructures using UV light,

red, green and white LEDs.

The figure above shows the transmittance spectra vs. wavelength of

electrodeposited ZnO nanostructures illuminated by UV light, red, green and white

LEDs. It can be seen that there is inconsistency in the spectra generated when using red

LED (shown in red) when compared to the absorbance spectra (see figure 4.1).

19
 CHAPTER V

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

5.1 Summary

In this study, the ZnO sample that was synthesized using electrochemical

deposition was used to explore the capability of the cellphone spectrometer for

characterizing the optical properties particularly the transmittance and absorbance

spectra. Without varying the sample, the absorbance and transmittance spectra were

obtained using different light sources used in the set-up. And finally, from the data points

extracted from the cellphone spectrometer software, plots were generated using QtiPlot

software.

5.2 Conclusion

Based on the analyses presented, the researcher has successfully done the optical

characterization using cellphone spectrometer. Basically, there are still no existing

literatures that reported on the use of this software in characterizing nanostructure

samples. Previous studies done using this software have used for example, leaves of

plants and chemical solutions. Although that makes this study novel and innovative, the

researcher has encountered a lot of difficulties in establishing specific routes in looking

for the absorbance spectra of the sample.

Nevertheless, it was found that the spectrometer is only limited in reading the

intensity peaks within the visible wavelength (400-700nm). Beyond this range,

20
absorbance and transmittance spectra of the ZnO sample was not investigated. As shown

in the spectra, most of the absorbance intensities peaked within the violet-blue region

(400-500 nm) of the visible spectrum except when using UV light.

5.3 Recommendations

The researcher suggests having more samples for characterization in order to fully

understand the capability of the cellphone spectrometer software. Preferably, we can have

(1) samples prepared using different parameters in the electrodeposition route such as

concentration, temperature and applied voltage, (2) samples grown in different substrates,

and even (3) samples that are synthesized using other methods of deposition. The more

ZnO samples we can investigate, the better would be our understanding in using

cellphone spectrometer for characterization. By this, we can soon create a baseline data

which serves as a basis for comparison with the subsequently acquired data.

Also, it is highly recommended to use cameras with higher resolution to capture

high definition images for characterization.

21
 REFERENCES

1
S. C. Singh. “Zinc Oxide Nanostructures; Synthesis, Characterizations and Device

Applications.”
2
N. Rehman, M. Mehmood, F. Ali, M. A. Rasheed, M. Younas, F. C.C. Ling, S. M. Ali.

“Heavily nickel-doped zinc oxide nanostructures prepared by hydrothermal oxidation of

electro-deposited alloy films and their photoluminescence properties.”

3
Azizi, et al. “A study on electrodeposited Zinc oxide nanostructures.”
4
G. Jiangfeng, et al. “Controlled Synthesis of ZnO nanostructures by electrodeposition

method.”
5
J. N. Patricio. “Electrochemical Deposition in situ of Zinc Oxide Nanoflakes and

Nanowhiskers in a Two-Electrode Cell.” An Undergraduate Thesis. (March 2014)

6
A. Scheeline, K. Kelley. “Cell Phone Spectrometer: Learning Spectrophotometry by

Building and Characterizing an Instrument.”

7
S. F. C. Lozada. “Absorption Spectroscopy of Plant Leaves Using Cellular Phone as

Spectrometer.” An Undergraduate Thesis. (March 2014)

8
J. P. Costuya. “Absorption Spectroscopy of 10 Herbal Plants.” An Undergraduate

Thesis. (March 2015)

22
APPENDICES

23
 APPENDIX A

DIFFERENT LIGHT SOURCES WITH AND WITHOUT SAMPLE

RED LED without sample with sample

GREEN LED without sample with sample

WHITE LED without sample with sample

UV LIGHT without sample with sample

24
 APPENDIX B

CELLPHONE SPECTROMETER PLOTS

GreenLED

Red LED

White LED

25
 CURRICULUM VITAE

201133811
Jaezyl C. Elumba
P3 Brgy. Togbongon, Surigao City
Surigao del Norte, Philippines, 8400
0910-488-3780
[email protected]

EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENTS

Baccalaureate Bachelor of Science in Physics

Admitted: 2011 - 1st Semester
College of Natural Sciences and
Mathematics
Mindanao State University-Main Campus
Marawi City, Lanao del Sur, 9700
Class of 2016
College Performer of the Year

Secondary Caraga Regional Science High School

Brgy. San Juan, Surigao City, SdN
Class of 2010

Primary Surigao City Pilot School

Narciso St., Surigao City, SdN
Class of 2006

WORKING EXPERIENCE
Practicum Physics Department
Mindanao State University
Marawi City, Lanao del Sur

26
 SEMINARS/ CONFERENCES ATTENDED
Poster Presenter CNSM-Science Seminar 2016
Theme: “CNSM: Its Advocacy to Science
Supremacy
Mindanao State University-Main
Marawi City, Lanao del Sur
March 2, 2016

Oral Presenter Physics 196 – Physics Seminar

Mindanao State University-Main
Marawi City, Lanao del Sur
May 6, 2016

Participant Job Placement Seminar

IPDM, Mindanao State University-Main
Marawi City, Lanao del Sur

Participant 17TH Samahang Pisika ng Visayas at

Mindanao – National Physics Conference
Cavite State University
Indang, Cavite
October 24-26, 2015

ORGANIZATIONAL AFFILIATIONS

MSU-Society of Physics Students (SPS) Secretary

A.Y. 2015-2016

Auditor
A.Y. 2014-2015

P.I.O
A.Y. 2013-2014

2ND Year Representative

A.Y. 2012-2013

Samahang Pisika ng Visayas Member

at Mindanao Secretary (SPVM) 2015-Present

Seniors’ Council (SC) Council Member

Batch Danganan

27
Darangen 2016 Editorial Board Managing Editor
Batch Danganan

PERSONAL BACKGROUND
Date of Birth September 26, 1993
Place of Birth Surigao City, Surigao del Norte
Religion Roman Catholic
Tribe Manobo
Citizenship Filipino-American
Civil Status Single

Father Mario Lyndon B. Elumba

February 22, 1964

Mother Josephine R. Comon

August 3, 1962

Siblings Leomark C. Elumba

June 22, 1995

Leo Jay C. Elumba

November 17, 1998

28