QUESTION TAGS

1. A tag question is a short question (e.g. have you? / haven’t you?) that follows a statement:

You haven’t got a car, have you? It was a good film, wasn’t it?

2. Normally we use a positive question tag with a negative sentence:

negative sentence + positive tag

Tom won’t be late, will he?

They don’t like us, do they?

That isn’t George over there, is it?

And normally we use a negative question tag with a positive sentence:

positive sentence + negative tag

Ann will be here soon, won’t she?

Tom should pass his exam, shouldn’t he?

They were very angry, weren’t they?

3. How do we form QUESTION TAGS?

a) Auxiliaries like be, have, can, may, must, should, etc. used in the statement are reported at the end
followed by the subject (always a pronoun):

John was annoyed, he?

wasn’t

auxiliary verb

He wasn’t annoyed, was he?

I am late, aren’t I? Notice that we say aren’t I? (= am I not)

 b) With all other verbs, tag questions are formed with do/don’t and
does/doesn’t (Present Simple) and did/didn’t (Past Simple):

You like fish, don’t you? They don’t like fish, do they?

He likes fish, doesn’t he? She liked fish, didn’t she?

This also applies to have and do as main verbs:

You have tea at 4, don’t you? You did your homework, didn’t you?

c) Tag questions are also possible with there:

There will be a strike, won’t there?

Add a question-tag to these sentences:

1. He is late this morning, ?

2. The hotel was quite good, ?

3. She cooks well, ?

4. You can’t tell the difference, ?

5. They always sleep after lunch, ?

6. You’re coming with us, ?

7. Mary plays football, ?

8. You didn’t have any lessons this morning, ?

9. Ann is on holiday, ?

10. The students see it everyday, ?

11. Mr Priestley doesn’t know your father, ?

12. There are lots of cars here, ?

 13. I am not disturbing you, ?

14. Tom does his work very well, ?

15. This isn’t very pleasant, ?

16. She likes quiet places, ?

17. Tom doesn’t play the piano, ?

18. They didn’t hurt the child, ?

19. There were two car accidents yesterday, ?

20. Tourists used to come here, ?

21. You haven’t got a computer, ?

22. You don’t have to follow him, ?

23. He has to fill a form, ?

24. He didn’t have to choose one, ?

25. He has your ticket, ?

26. Everything is all right, ?

27. He has got to leave, ?

28. Smoking ruins our health, ?

29. Most people cannot go to Africa, ?

30. Finding a job isn’t easy, ?

RELATIVE PRONOUNS

who/that - people: She’s the woman who/that works with me.

who(m)/that – people: She’s the girl who(m) I met last summer (object of the relative clause) and after
prepositions – The meeting was led

by two men, one of whom is pretty famous.

which/that – things, animals: It’s a shop which sells candles. // which- previous clauses: You have all
done your homework for today, which

makes me happy.

whose (of who/of which) – possessive: He’s the boy whose father owns the school.

where – places: A museum is a place where you can see objects that are important for our history.

when – time: The moment when you told me about her death was dreadful.

why – reason: The reason why I’m here is to explain…

Read the following sentences and underline the relative pronouns.

1. The movie that I saw yesterday was very interesting.

 2. My sister, whom I admire, is leaving for Harvard University

3. The boy who got injured came back to attend classes.

4. The lady whose cat died was very sad.

5. Raj has a problem with people who are too extroverted.

6. We saw the pastor in the market whom we spoke to earlier.

7. I have a favourite cafe which serves the best cold coffee.

8. I know a person who has never come out of his room.

9. Can you show me the road which leads to the bus stand?

10. The song, which was sung by Lata Mangeshkar, is still my favourite song.

11. I saw a girl who was singing beautifully.

Complete the following text with a relative prononun. If it is not necessary leave the gap empty.

The Mystery of the Old House

Last summer, my friends and I decided to explore an old house _____ stood at the edge of our town. It
was a place _____ everyone talked about but no one dared to visit. The house, _____ windows were
broken, looked like it hadn’t been lived in for decades. We were curious about the stories _____
people told about it.

As we entered, we noticed a dusty staircase _____ led to the upper floor. At the top, there was a door
_____ was slightly open. Behind it, we found a room _____ walls were covered in strange paintings. In
the corner, there was an old chest _____ looked like it belonged to a pirate. We wondered about the
person _____ had left it there.

Suddenly, we heard a noise _____ came from the basement. It was a sound _____ made us all freeze.
My friend Emma, _____ I’ve known since childhood, suggested we leave immediately. But I, _____ had
always been fascinated by mysteries, wanted to investigate further.

We found a trapdoor _____ led to the basement. Inside, there was a box _____ contained old letters.
The letters, _____ were written in cursive, told the story of a family _____ had lived in the house many
years ago. They explained why the house was abandoned and _____ had happened to the family.

In the end, we left the house with a sense of accomplishment. It was an adventure _____ we would
never forget.

*GERUND VS INFINITIVE- THE PATTERNS AND THEORY ON THE BOOKLET*

A Day in the Life of a Student

Every morning, I look forward to _____ (wake up) early because I enjoy _____ (start) my day with a
good breakfast. I usually decide _____ (eat) something healthy, like fruit or yogurt. After breakfast, I
need _____ (get) ready for school. I always try _____ (leave) the house on time, but sometimes I end
up _____ (run) to catch the bus.

At school, I like _____ (learn) new things, but I sometimes find it hard _____ (focus) during long
classes. My teacher often encourages us _____ (participate) in discussions, which helps me _____
(improve) my speaking skills. During breaks, I enjoy _____ (talk) with my friends, and we often plan
_____ (meet) after school.

After school, I usually practice _____ (play) the guitar. I’ve always dreamed of _____ (become) a
musician, so I spend a lot of time _____ (practice). In the evening, I sometimes forget _____ (do) my
homework, but my parents remind me _____ (finish) it before bedtime.

Before going to bed, I like _____ (read) a book or _____ (watch) a short video. I try _____ (avoid)
_____ (use) my phone too much because it makes it harder _____ (fall) asleep.

REPORTED QUESTIONS

Reported questions are used to tell someone about a question that was asked earlier. When we report
a question, we don’t use the same word order as a direct question, and we don’t use question marks.

1. Change the word order:

o Direct question: "Where are you going?"

o Reported question: "She asked where I was going."

(Notice how the word order changes to subject + verb: "I was" instead of "are you.")

2. Use reporting verbs:

o Common verbs: ask, wonder, want to know.

o Example: "He asked what time it was."

3. Change pronouns and tenses:

o Pronouns may change depending on who is speaking.

o Tenses usually shift back (e.g., present → past).

o Example:

▪ Direct: "Do you like pizza?"

▪ Reported: "She asked if I liked pizza."

4. Use 'if' or 'whether' for yes/no questions:

o Example:

▪ Direct: "Is it raining?"

▪ Reported: "He asked if it was raining."

5. Use question words (what, where, when, etc.) for wh-questions:

o Example:

▪ Direct: "What time is it?"

▪ Reported: "She asked what time it was."

1. "Where are you going?" (She asked)

2. "Do you like ice cream?" (He wondered)

3. "What time does the movie start?" (They wanted to know)

4. "Have you finished your homework?" (My mom asked)

5. "Why did you leave early?" (The teacher asked)

6. "Can you help me with this project?" (My friend asked)

7. "Who is your favorite singer?" (She wondered)

8. "Are you coming to the party?" (He asked)

9. "How much does this cost?" (They wanted to know)

10. "Did you see the new movie?" (My brother asked)