Transport In Plants (Question Bank)
**Multiple Choice Questions:**
1. **Which part of phloem helps in the storage of food?**
- Answer: d) Both a) and b) (Companion cell and Phloem parenchyma)
2. **Purple and red spots on leaves are due to the deficiency of:**
- Answer:c) phosphorus
3. **Cell wall is:**
- Answer: b) Semi-permeable
4. **The force responsible for ascent of sap is:**
- Answer: c) Transpirational pull
5. **The root hairs are suited for absorbing water from the soil because:**
- Answer: a) They have a large surface area
6. **Diffusion occurs when molecules move:**
- Answer: c) From higher concentration to lower concentration.
7. **Ascent of sap in plants takes place through:**
- Answer: b) Xylem
8. **Which one of the following favors the fastest transpiration rate?**
- Answer: d) A hot, dry, windy day.
9. **Active transport takes place:**
- Answer: a) From lower concentration to higher concentration and
requires energy.
10. **The movement of water molecules from a dilute solution to a
concentrated solution across a semi-permeable membrane is called:**
- Answer: b) Osmosis
11. **Transport in xylem is:**
- Answer: a) Unidirectional
12. **Transport in phloem is:**
- Answer: b) Bidirectional
13. **The most appropriate characteristic of a semi-permeable membrane is
that:**
- Answer: d) It allows only solvent molecules to pass through but prevents
the passage of solute molecules.
14. **A solution whose concentration of solute is less than cell sap is:**
- Answer: d) Hypotonic solution
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15. **The membrane which does not allow either solvent or solute
molecules to pass through it:**
- Answer: d) Impermeable
16. **Vascular bundle is composed of:**
- Answer: c) Both a) and b) (Xylem and Phloem)
17. **During photosynthesis, the plants produce their food as glucose,
which is stored in the form of:**
- Answer: a) Starch
18. **In a plant, the stored food as starch is transported through the
phloem in the form of:**
- Answer: b) Sucrose
19. **In a humid day, the rate of transpiration is:**
- Answer: b) Reduced
20. **Which one of the following statements is incorrect?**
- Answer: d) Root hairs contain cell sap which is of higher concentration
than the surrounding soil water.
**Naming the Following:**
1) **The long protuberance of an epidermal cell of the root is:**
- Answer: Root hair
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2) **The cells that help sieve tubes in the conduction of food are:**
- Answer: Companion cell
3) **The small, thick-walled living cell of xylem is:**
- Answer: Xylem parenchyma
4) **The only dead element present in phloem is:**
- Answer: Phloem fibers
5) **The prepared food is transported to all parts of the plant by:**
- Answer: Phloem
6) **Water and minerals are transported from the roots to the leaves by:**
- Answer: Xylem
7) **Conduction of prepared food to all parts of the plant is called:**
- Answer: Translocation
8) **The membrane that allows water molecules to pass through it but
prevents the entry of solute molecules is:**
- Answer: Semi-permeable membrane
9) **The membrane that allows solvent molecules and selectively certain
solute ions to pass through it is:**
- Answer: Selectively permeable membrane
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10) **The membrane that does not allow either solvent or solute molecules
to pass through it is:**
- Answer: Impermeable membrane
11) **The membrane that allows solvent and solute molecules to pass
through it freely without any hindrance is:**
- Answer: Freely permeable membrane
12) **The solution whose concentration of solute is less than cell sap is:**
- Answer: Hypotonic solution
13) **The solution whose concentration of solute is the same as that of cell
sap is:**
- Answer: Isotonic solution
14) **The solution whose concentration of solute is more than that of cell
sap is:**
- Answer: Hypertonic solution
15) **Upward movement of water and dissolved minerals from roots to
leaves through xylem is:**
- Answer: Ascent of sap
16) **Pressure developed in the cortical cells of the root due to alternate
turgidity or flaccidity of root hair cell and the cortical cell, by endosmosis
and exosmosis is:**
- Answer: Root pressure
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17) **The loss of water in the form of water vapor from the aerial parts of a
plant is:**
- Answer: Transpiration
18) **The movement of water molecules from a hypotonic solution to a
region of hypertonic solution across a semi-permeable membrane is:**
- Answer: Osmosis
19) **The movement of molecules of solid, liquid, gas from higher to lower
concentration when they are in direct contact till concentration is the same
throughout is:**
- Answer: Diffusion
20) **Bidirectional conduction of food occurs through:**
- Answer: Phloem
**Match the Following:**
- A) **
Cell membrane**
- I) freely permeable
- b) **cell wall**
- ii) helps sieve tube in the conduction of food
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- c) **xylem**
- iii) selectively permeable
- d) **companion cell**
- iv) semi-permeable
- e) **root hair**
- v) unidirectional movement of water and minerals
- f) **impermeable membrane**
- vi) long extension of an epidermal cell of the root
- g) **freely permeable membrane**
- vii) bidirectional movement of water and minerals
**Answers:**
- a) cell membrane – iii) selectively permeable
- b) cell wall – iv) semi-permeable
- c) xylem – v) unidirectional movement of water and minerals
- d) companion cell – ii) helps sieve tube in the conduction of food
- e) root hair – vi) long extension of an epidermal cell of the root
- f) impermeable membrane – No corresponding number in Column II
- g) freely permeable membrane – i) freely permeable
**Choose the Odd One Out:**
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1) **Active transport, passive transport, osmosis, diffusion**
- **Odd One Out:** Active transport; **Category:** Types of transport
mechanisms
2) **Tracheids, xylem fibres, vessels, companion cell**
- **Odd One Out:** Companion cell; **Category:** Components of xylem
3) **Sieve tube, phloem parenchyma, companion cell, wood fibre**
- **Odd One Out:** Wood fiber; **Category:** Components of phloem
4) **Nitrogen, zinc, phosphorus, potassium**
- **Odd One Out:** Nitrogen; **Category:** Mineral nutrients
5) **Phloem parenchyma, companion cell, sieve tube, vessels**
- **Odd One Out:** Vessels; **Category:** Components of phloem
**Arrange and Rewrite the Terms in Logical Sequence:**
1) **Photosynthesis, xylem, root hair, water and minerals from the soil,
phloem**
- **Logical Sequence:** Root hair, water and minerals from the soil,
xylem, photosynthesis, phloem
2) **Xylem, root hair, endodermis, cortical cell, soil water**
- **Logical Sequence:** Soil water, root hair, endodermis, cortical cell,
xylem
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3) **Xylem, water and minerals from the soil, all parts of the plant,
photosynthesis, prepared food**
- **Logical Sequence:** Water and minerals from the soil, xylem, all parts
of the plant, photosynthesis, prepared food
**Correct the Sentences:**
1) **Bidirectional movement of water and mineral takes place through
xylem.**
- **Correction:** Unidirectional movement of water and minerals takes
place through xylem.
2) **Bidirectional movement of food takes place through xylem.**
- **Correction:** Bidirectional movement of food takes place through
phloem.
3) **Transpiration is faster when the wind is blowing slowly.**
- **Correction:** Transpiration is faster when the wind is blowing faster.
4) **If the air is humid, the rate of transpiration increased.**
- **Correction:** If the air is humid, the rate of transpiration decreases.
5) **Narrower the diameter of xylem, greater the force of movement of
molecules of food.**
- **Correction:** Narrower the diameter of xylem, greater the force of
movement of water and minerals.
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**Differences:**
1) **Xylem and Phloem (Direction of conduction, composed of, function):**
- **Direction of Conduction:**
- Xylem: Unidirectional
- Phloem: Bidirectional
- **Composed of:**
- Xylem: Tracheids, vessels, xylem fibers, xylem parenchyma
- Phloem: Sieve tubes, companion cells, phloem parenchyma, phloem
fibers
- **Function:**
- Xylem: Conducts water and minerals
- Phloem: Translocates food, stores food, provides mechanical support
2) **Xylem Parenchyma and Xylem Sclerenchyma (Function):**
- **Function:**
- Xylem Parenchyma: Storage of food, lateral conduction of water
- Xylem Sclerenchyma: Mechanical support, protection
3) **Companion Cell and Phloem Parenchyma (Function):**
- **Function:**
- Companion Cell: Assists sieve tubes in the conduction of food
- Phloem Parenchyma: Storage of food
4) **Osmosis and Diffusion (Definition):**
- **Definition:**
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- Osmosis: Movement of water from a hypotonic solution to a hypertonic
solution across a semi-permeable membrane.
- Diffusion: Movement of molecules from higher to lower concentration
when in direct contact.
5) **Active Transport and Passive Transport (Definition):**
- **Definition:**
- Active Transport: Absorption from lower to higher concentration,
utilizing energy as ATP.
- Passive Transport: Absorption from higher to lower concentration,
without utilizing energy as ATP.
6) **Ascent of Sap and Transpirational Pull (Definition):**
- **Definition:**
- Ascent of Sap: Upward movement of water and dissolved minerals from
roots to leaves through xylem.
- Transpirational Pull: Suction force created in xylem vessels due to
transpiration from aerial parts of the plant.
7) **Semi-Permeable Membrane and Selectively Permeable Membrane
(Definition):**
- **Definition:**
- Semi-Permeable Membrane: Allows only solvent molecules to pass
through but prevents the passage of solute molecules.
- Selectively Permeable Membrane: Allows solvent molecules and
selectively certain solute ions to pass through it.
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8) **Freely Permeable Membrane and Impermeable Membrane
(Definition):**
- **Definition:**
- Freely Permeable Membrane: Allows solvent and solute molecules to
pass through freely without hindrance.
- Impermeable Membrane: Does not allow either solvent or solute
molecules to pass through.
9) **Hypotonic and Hypertonic Solution (Definition):**
- **Definition:**
- Hypotonic Solution: Solution with a concentration of solute less than
cell sap.
- Hypertonic Solution: Solution with a concentration of solute more than
cell sap.
10) **Macro Nutrient and Micro Nutrient (Definition):**
- **Definition:**
- Macro Nutrient: Nutrient required in relatively large amounts for plant
growth (e.g., nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium).
- Micro Nutrient: Nutrient required in relatively small amounts for plant
growth (e.g., iron, manganese, zinc).
11) **Define root pressure:**
- Answer: Root pressure is the pressure developed in the cortical cells of
the root due to alternate turgidity or flaccidity of root hair cell and the
cortical cell, by endosmosis and exosmosis, which forces water into the
xylem.
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12) **Define osmotic pressure:**
- Answer: Osmotic pressure is the minimum pressure that has to be
applied to a solution to prevent the entry of solvent molecules into it when
it is separated from a pure solvent by a semi-permeable membrane.
13) **Write down the function of companion cell:**
- Answer: Companion cells help sieve tubes in the conduction of food.
14) **Write the function of xylem and phloem:**
- Answer:
- Xylem: Conducts water and minerals; provides mechanical support.
- Phloem: Translocates food; stores food; provides mechanical support.
15) **Write any two specialties of root hairs:**
- Answer:
1. They have a large surface area.
2. They contain a solution of higher concentration than the surrounding
water.
16) **What is a root hair?**
- Answer: A root hair is a long protuberance of an epidermal cell of the
root.
17) **Define transpiration:**
- Answer: Transpiration is the loss of water in the form of water vapor
from plant aerial parts.
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18) **Define transpirational pull:**
- Answer: Transpirational pull is the suction force created in xylem vessels
due to transpiration, aiding the upward conduction of water.
19) **Under what conditions do a plant transpire a) more quickly, b) most
slowly?**
- Answer:
- a) Transpiration is faster on a hot, dry, windy day.
- b) Transpiration is most slow in humid conditions.
20) **How are roots useful to the plants? Give any two points.**
- Answer:
1. Absorb water and minerals from the soil.
2. Anchor the plant and provide stability.
[Link] based questions:-
1) Observe the diagram given and answer the following questions:-
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a) Identify the parts labelled as 1,2,3 and 4.
Ans- 1= sieve pore
2= sieve tube element
3= Companion cell
4= phloem parenchyma
b) Identify the diagram
Ans- It is a diagram of a phloem.
c) Write the function of the diagram given.
Ans-Phloem is responsible for the transport of prepared food (mostly
sugars) from the leaves (source) to other parts of the plant for growth and
energy.
d) What is the function of the part labelled as 3?
Ans-Companion cells are typically located alongside the sieve tube
elements in the phloem tissue.
e) Conduction through the diagram given is (unidirectional/bidirectional)
Ans-Conduction through the phloem is bidirectional.
2)Observe the diagram given and answer the following questions:-
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a) Identify the diagram given.
Ans- The diagram given is xylem
b) Identify the parts labelled as A,B, C and D
Ans-Part labeled as A: Xylem Parenchyma
Part labeled as B: Vessels
Part labeled as C: Tracheids
Part labeled as D: Xylem Fibers
c)Write the function of the parts labelled as A and C..
Ans-Function of part A (Xylem Parenchyma): Xylem parenchyma is
involved in storage, lateral conduction, and various metabolic activities
within the xylem tissue.
Function of part C (Tracheids): Tracheids play a role in the transport of water
and minerals, providing structural support to the xylem tissue. They are
especially important in plants that lack vessels.
3)Observe the diagram given and answer the following questions:-
a)Identify the diagram.
Ans- The diagram given is Magnified Root Hair
b)Identify the parts labelled as a, b, c, d, e
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Ans-Part labeled as a: Cell Wall
Part labeled as b: Cytoplasm
Part labeled as c: Vacuole
Part labeled as d: Nucleus
Part labeled as e: Cell Membrane
c)Mention one distinct difference between the parts labelled a and e.
Ans-One distinct difference between parts labeled a (Cell Wall) and e
(Cell Membrane) is that the cell wall is rigid and provides structural support
to the cell, while the cell membrane is flexible and regulates the entry and
exit of substances.
d)Write the location of the diagram given
Ans-Location of the diagram: The diagram represents a magnified view of
a root hair, which is typically found in the roots of plants.
e) the function of the diagram given.
Ans-Function of the diagram (Root Hair): Root hairs increase the surface
area of the root, facilitating the absorption of water and minerals from the
soil. The cell membrane regulates the entry of these substances into the
root hair cell. The cytoplasm and nucleus are involved in various cellular
activities, and the vacuole may store nutrients or participate in maintaining
turgor pressure. The cell wall provides structural support to the root hair.
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4)DRAW THE LABELLED DIAGRAM OF ROOT HAIR:-
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