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Njrpa ntspf;fs epiyak; njhz;ilkhdhW

Kjyhk; jtizg; guPl;ir - 2024
National Field Work Centre, Thondaimanaru
FWC 1st Term Examination - 2024

Physics Gr. 12 (2025) Marking Scheme

Part - I
01) 1 06) 4 11) 3 16) 3 21) 4
02) 1 07) 2 12) 2 17) 5 22) 2
03) 3 08) 1 13) 4 18) 1 23) 5
04) 5 09) 4 14) 4 19) 5 24) 1

r g
05) 2 10) 3 15) 3 20) 2 25) 5

. o
Part - II (A)

n
Structure
01) (a) Vernier caliper (1)

o
(b) Electronic balance / Triple beam balance (1)

e
(c) Systemic error - Determining the error and adding with reading (1)

e
Random error - Obtaining several readings and determining the average (1)

b
Parallax error - Obtaining reading perpendicular to the scale of eyelevel (1)

.
(One point each for three errors) (1)

w
(d) (i) External jaws, Internal Jaws, Depth probe, External Jaw (4 × ½ = 2)
𝑥12 𝑥22

w
(ii) 𝜋 ℎ2 − 𝜋 ℎ1 (2)
4 4

(iii) (1) −1 + 8 × 0.1

w
= −0.2 𝑚𝑚 (1)
(2)

Name of reading Reading Zero error Actual reading

Internal diameter ( 1 ) 20.2 −0.2 20.4
External Diameter ( 2 ) 30.2 −0.2 30.4
Depth (ℎ1 ) 16.2 −0.2 16.4
Height (ℎ2 ) 35.4 −0.2 35.6
(4)
3
(3) 𝑉= (30.42 × 35.6 − 20.42 × 16.4) (2)
4

= 19.56 𝑐𝑚3 (1)

10𝑔
(e) 𝜌 = (1)
19.56

= 0.51 𝑔 𝑐𝑚−3 /510 𝑘𝑔𝑚−3 (1)

20

Grade - 12 (2025) 1st Term (FWC) 1 Physics (Ans)

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02) (A) (a) A - Anvil

B - Looking screw
C - Thimble
D - Ratchet (1/2 x 4 = 2)
(b) Thimble head is designed to stop spontaneously from pressurizing the object excessively (2)
(c) Surface is not smooth / Reducing the random error (1)
(d) (i) Figure (1) - −0.04 𝑚𝑚 (1)
Figure (2) - +0.02 𝑚𝑚 (1)
(ii) These errors should be subtracted from obtained reading (1)
(iii) Positive zero error: Rusting between jaws (1)
Negative zero error: Ends of the jaws have been worn off (1)
(B) (a) Distance moved in the main scale during one complete rotation of the circular scale. (2)

g
(b) Error doesn’t influence because calculations are always done from the difference between two

r
readings. (2)

. o
(c) (i) Screw and the end of image of the screw on the mirror slip just touching each other (1)
(ii) Lifting the screw up, keeping the slide between the legs and then adjusting the screw to

n
touch the image by lowering it. (2)

o
(d) Getting the impressions of spherometer on a white sheet and measuring that distance using internal

e
jaws of vernier caliper. (1)

e
(e) (i) Determining radius curvature (1)

b
(ii) Measuring small extensions in large rods. (1)

.
20

w
03) (a) Law (2)
(b) 𝑅 = √𝑃2 + 𝑄2 + 2𝑃𝑄 cos 𝜃 (1)

w
𝜃 = 0 → 𝑅𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 𝑃 + 𝑄 (1)

w
𝜃 = 180 → 𝑅𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 𝑃 − 𝑄 (1)
(c) A - Pulley
B - String
C - Pans / mass
D - Vertical drawing board (4 x ½ = 2)
(d) (i) If the middle pan reaches original position again and rests when pulled down and released (2)
(ii) Pair of compasses, white sheet, meter rod (2)
(iii) Applying lubricating oil to pivot (2)
(iv) Placing the plane mirror on the sheet and positioning the eye making the image of the string to
disappear
Marking two points (2)
(v) Write the procedure (3)
(e) Removing the pans and joining the masses directly (2)

20

Grade - 12 (2025) 1st Term (FWC) 2 Physics (Ans)

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04) (a) Meter rod

𝒍𝟏 𝒍𝟐

String

Weight
Stone Knife edge Wooden block
Figure (2)
Naming (2)
(b) To avoid the mass of meter rod relating in the calculations (2)
(c) (i) 50 𝑔 (1)
If two masses are approximately equal, the lengths can be maintained larger hence reducing the
percentage error in length measurement (2)
(ii) 𝑚𝑔 + (−𝑀𝑔) = 0 (1)

g
𝑙1
𝑀= 𝑚× (1)

r
𝑙2

Mark 𝑙1 , 𝑙2 correctly (1)

.o
(iii) Write common law of moment of forces (2)

n
(d) (i)
𝒍𝟑 𝒍𝟒
𝑮;

e o
e
(2)
Weight

(ii) 𝑀𝑔 𝑙3 (−𝑀𝑜𝑔)𝑙4 = 0

.b (1)

w
29−5.5 23.5
(iii) (1) = = 0.89 (2)
33−6.5 26.5

w
(2) 𝑀 = 0.89 × 50 = 44 𝑔 (1)

w
20

Grade - 12 (2025) 1st Term (FWC) 3 Physics (Ans)

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Part - II (B)
ESSAY
01) (A) (a) Area under graph with (t) axis = distance of race
1
2
× 5 × 4 + 5(𝑡 − 4) = 100 ................................................................. (1)

5(𝑡 − 4) = 90
𝑡−4 = 18
𝑡 = 22

𝑭𝑫 (𝑵) 𝑡 = 22 𝑠 ................................................................ (2)

(b) ..................................................................................................... (2)

𝑿

g
𝑭𝑫 (𝒎𝒂𝒙)

o r
𝟎 𝟒 𝟐𝟐 𝒕(𝒔)

n .
o
(c) 𝐹𝐷 = 𝐾𝑉

e
𝐹𝐷
𝐾=

e
𝑉
𝑀𝐿𝑇 −2

b
[𝐾] =

.
𝐿𝑇 −1

= 𝑀𝑇 −1 ..................................................................................................................................... (2)

w
(d) According to 𝐹𝐷 = 𝐾𝑉
100 𝑁 = 𝐾 4𝑚𝑠 −1

w
𝐾 = 25 𝑘𝑔 𝑠 −1 ............................................................................................................................. (2)

w
(e) 𝐹𝐷 𝑚𝑎 = 𝐾𝑉 𝑚𝑎
= 25 𝑘𝑔 𝑠 −1 × 5 𝑚𝑠 −1
= 125 𝑁 ............................................................................................................................... (2)
(f) Draw comparatively in (b) ................................................................................................................ (2)
(B)

𝟒𝟓° 𝑺
𝑶 𝑷
1
(i) 𝑆 = 𝑢𝑡 + 2 𝑎𝑡 2 ...................................................................................................................................... (1)
1
𝑂 = 20 sin 45 × 𝑡 − 2 × 𝑃 × 𝑡 2 .................................................................................................. (1)
1
5𝑡 2 = 20 × 𝑡
√2
4
𝑡 =
√2

= 2.82 𝑠...................................................................................................................................... (1)

Grade - 12 (2025) 1st Term (FWC) 4 Physics (Ans)

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1
(ii) 𝑂→𝑃 𝑆 = 𝑢𝑡 + 𝑎𝑡 2
2
4
𝑆 = 20 cos 45 × + 0 ............................................................................................. (1)
√2
1 4
= 20 × ×
√2 √2

= 40 𝑚 ........................................................................................................................ (1)
(iii) 𝑉 2 = 𝑈 2 + 2𝑎𝑠 ........................................................................................................................... (1)
𝑂 = (20 sin 45)2 − 2 × 10 × ℎ ............................................................................................ (1)
20×20
20ℎ = 2

ℎ = 10 𝑚 ................................................................................................................................ (1)
(iv)
𝑽(𝒎𝒔−𝟏 )

g
Graph of horizontal velocity ............. (1)

r
𝑽𝑯 Graph of vertical velocity .................. (1)

o
𝟏𝟎√𝟐
Indicating values .................................. (1)

.
𝑽𝑽

n
0 𝟏. 𝟒𝟏𝒔 𝟐. 𝟖𝟐𝒔 𝒕(𝒔)

e o
b e
.
(v) 𝑺(𝒎)

w
For shape ...................................................................... (1)

w
𝟏𝟎 𝒎 Marking values.............................................................. (1)

w 𝟏. 𝟒𝟏 𝟐. 𝟖𝟐

Change in momentum
𝒕(𝒔)

(vi) Average force = Time

0.5×20 𝑘𝑔 𝑚𝑠−1
= ................................................................................................... (1)
0.2 𝑠

= 50 𝑁 .................................................................................................................... (1)
Resultant average force 𝟓𝟎𝑵

𝟒𝟓°
𝟓𝑵

𝐹 = √502 + 52 + 2 × 50 × 5 × cos 45 .......................................................................... (1)

= √2877.5 = 53.7𝑁 ...................................................................................................... (1)

30

Grade - 12 (2025) 1st Term (FWC) 5 Physics (Ans)

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02) (a) (i) Resultant force zero, Resultant moment zero ............................................................................. (2)
(ii) Neutral Stable Unstable ..................................................................... (1)
................................................................ (3)
(iii) Resultant moment about pivot in both sides is zero.................................................................. (2)
(b) (1) 10 × 37.5 + 2.5 × 10 + 5 × 5 = 20 × 20 + 5 × 𝑎 ......................................................... (1)
375 + 25 + 25 = 400 + 5𝑎
5𝑎 = 25
𝑎 = 5cm.................................................................... (1)
(2) For 1𝑔 mass
1 × 10 + 37.5 × 10 + 2.5 × 10 + 5 × 5 = 20 × 20 + 5 × 𝑏 ................................ (1)
10 + 400 + 25 = 400 + 5𝑏

g
5𝑏 = 35

r
𝑏 = 7 𝑐𝑚 ....................................................... (1)

. o
For 2𝑔 mass

n
2 × 10 + 400 + 25 = 400 + 5 × 𝑐 ................................................................................. (1)

o
5𝑐 = 45

e
𝑐 = 9 𝑐𝑚................................................................................................ (1)
For 3𝑔 mass

e
3 × 10 + 400 + 25 = 400 + 5 × 𝑑 ................................................................................. (1)

b
.
5𝑑 = 55

w
𝑑 = 11 𝑐𝑚 ............................................................................................. (1)
(3) 𝑚 × 10 + 400 + 25 = 400 + 5 × 39 .............................................................................. (1)

w
10 𝑚 = 195 − 25

w
10 𝑚 = 170
𝑚 = 17 𝑔 ................................................................................................ (1)
(4) (i) 18 × 10 + 400 + 25 = 400 + 𝑚1 × 40 + 5 × 5.............................................. (1)
180 + 400 + 25 = 400 + 40 𝑚1 + 25
40 𝑚1 = 180
𝑚1 = 4.5 𝑔 ................................................................................... (2)
(ii) 1𝑔 − 35 𝑔 .................................................................................................................................. (2)

(5) Yes ............................................................................................................................................................ (1)

Because the center of gravity is in the center of circular pan .............................................. (2)
(6) Preventing the oscillation of beam up and down before reaching the equilibrium ......... (2)

(7) If the indicator doesn’t reach equilibrium initially when the weight is at zero, equilibrium
is obtained using the adjusting screw ............................................................................................ (2)
20

Grade - 12 (2025) 1st Term (FWC) 6 Physics (Ans)

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03) (a) To write the law ............................................................................................................................................... (3)

𝑠
(b) (i) 𝑉 = 𝑡
.................................................................................................................................................. (1)
0.15
= 75×10−3
..................................................................................................................................... (1)

= 2 𝑚𝑠 −1 ..................................................................................................................................... (1)
𝑠
(ii) 𝑉 = 𝑡
0.15
𝑉 = 125×10−1
................................................................................................................................... (1)

= 1.2 𝑚𝑠 −1 ................................................................................................................................. (1)

According to law of conservation of momentum to system, .......................................
Initial momentum = Final momentum
2 × 0.12 = (𝑚 + 0.12) 𝑉 ....................................................................................................... (1)
0.24 = (𝑚 + 0.12) 1.2

r g
o
0.2 = 𝑚 + 0.12

.
𝑚 = 0.08 𝑘𝑔

n
= 80 𝑔 ......................................................................................................................... (2)

o
(iii) Kinetic energy lost by cart = Potential energy stored in spring............................................. (1)

e
1
× 0.2 × (1.2)2 = 𝑃. 𝐸 .................................................................................... (2)

e
2

𝑃. 𝐸 = 0.144 𝐽 ............................................................................. (2)

. b
(iv) (1) 𝐹 = 𝑚𝑎
0.3 = 200 × 10−3 𝑎 ............................................................................................................... (2)

w
𝑎 = 1.5 𝑚𝑠 −2 ........................................................................................................................... (2)

(2)
w
Energy loss = 0.144 − 0.015

(3) w = 0.129 𝐽 ............................................................................................. (3)

Kinetic energy lost = Resistive force × distance................................................... (1)
0.129 = 0.3 × 𝑑 ........................................................................................... (2)
𝑑 = 0.43 𝑚 ............................................................................................. (1)
(4) 𝐹 = 𝜇𝑅
0.3
= 𝜇 ...................................................................................................................... (2)
200×10−3 ×10

𝜇 = 0.15 ..................................................................................................................................... (1)

30

Grade - 12 (2025) 1st Term (FWC) 7 Physics (Ans)

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