Energy
SUB TOPIC - Effects of cell phone batteries on the
environment
Today, you will learn :
What are cell phone batteries made
from?
What are the environmental effects of
generating the resources
What are the elements used in it?
(Chemistry – inter disciplinary)
Methods of safe disposal of the
battery
Introduction : what is energy
Energy is the ability to do work .
Scientists define energy as the
ability to do work. Modern
civilization is possible because
people have learned how to
change energy from one form to
another and then use it to do
work.
Where did all the
energy come from?
Energy seems almost magical in that it never runs
out. It only changes from one form to another.
All the energy we have in the universe has been
around since the Big Bang. This total amount of
energy will stay the same until the end of time.
What happens
to energy?
The total amount of
energy in a system is:
Energy is neither created nor
destroyed. It just transfers between the total the total
energy stored energy stored
different stores of energy. before after
This is known as the Law of
Conservation of Energy.
kinetic
gravitational Types of elastic
potential
Energy Store potential
chemical thermal
How can energy be transferred?
Energy can be transferred from one store to another in four ways:
Lifting a box
Mechanical Work
This happens when a force is
applied to move an object
through a distance.
mechanical work
the total energy the total energy
stored before stored after
How can energy be transferred?
Energy can be transferred from one store to another in four ways:
Electrical Work
It involves charges moving in Powering a toy
a circuit due to a potential car with battery
difference.
electrical work
chemical store kinetic store
in battery in a toy car
How can energy be transferred?
Energy can be transferred from one store to another in four ways:
Melting popsicle
HEATING
It involves the transfer of
energy from a hotter object
to a colder one.
heating
thermal store in the thermal store of the
surroundings popsicle
How can energy be transferred?
Energy can be transferred from one store to another in four ways:
Warming of pavement
RADIATION in the daytime
It occurs when energy is
transferred as a wave, such
as visible light or infrared.
radiation
thermal store thermal store
of the Sun of the pavement
Learning Check
Can you identify the type of
energy stores involved and the
type of energy transfer
A B
occurring in the following
examples?
Answer key
Learning Check
A B
mechanical work mechanical work
elastic potential store kinetic store gravitational potential kinetic store
of the spring of the gloves store of the ball of the ball
How can we quantify energy?
We can put numbers to the
amount of energy something
has and observe any
transfers that occur.
The standard (SI) unit of
The 100 J of heat from the fire is
measure for energy is the transferred to the stovetop, the chicken
joule (J). and the surroundings.
Learning Check
100 J
Suppose a ball at the height of
the net has 100 J of
gravitational potential energy.
How does this value change as
?
it starts to fall?
Answer key
Learning Check
Right before bouncing
on the floor, the ball
The ball at the height has 0 gravitational
of the net has 100 J of potential energy, but
it has 100 J of kinetic
gravitational As the ball falls halfway, it energy.
potential energy. has about 50 J of Is sound
heard here?
gravitational potential
energy and 50 J of kinetic
energy.
Review
Energy Quantifying
Energy
Transfer Energy
Energy is neither
Energy can be We can put numbers
created nor destroyed.
transferred in four ways: to the amount of
Instead, it is
electrically, energy something has.
transferred from one
mechanically, by The standard unit of
store to another.
radiation or by heating. energy is the joule (J).
Research: what are cell
phone batteries made from
The most common type of battery used in
smartphones is the lithium-ion battery. These
batteries are made up of a cathode, an anode, and
an electrolyte. The cathode is typically made of
lithium cobalt oxide, and the anode is made of
graphite.
what are the enviornmental
effects of generating the
resources
The environmental problems directly
related to energy production and
consumption include air pollution,
climate change, water pollution,
thermal pollution, and solid waste
disposal. The emission of air pollutants
from fossil fuel combustion is the major
cause of urban air pollution.
what are the elements used in
cellphone batteries(chemistry
interdisciplain)
The BatteryThe majority of today's phones
use lithium-ion batteries. These batteries
tend to use lithium cobalt oxide as the
positive electrode in the battery (though
other transition metals are sometimes used in
place of cobalt), whilst the negative electrode
is formed from carbon in the form of graphite
trivia time
you know that in cell phone
batteries which elements are
used but the elements are lithium cobalt
combined. now, you need to make oxide
each element single and also
tell there symbols
answer key
LiCoO2
Methods of safe disposal of the
battery
Therefore, ideally, you should drop them off
at the recycling centres or waste disposal
facilities that specialize in dealing with
hazardous substances, or as an alternative,
you may sell them to retailers that accept
and deal with dead or used automobile
batteries.
Resource Page
