CONFIDENTIAL

ABB CONSULTANTS TALK-LOW VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKERS- THURSDAY, 20 AUGUST, 2020

Circuit breakers trip units

Classification and selection overview
Ashraf Abouel-Hoda – Product Marketing Director, Smart Power
Amr Younis- Technical Promotion Manager
Agenda

− Protection concept and application

− ABB CB’s trip units overview (MCB/MCCB/ACB)
− Thermo-Magnetic Trip Units types
− Temperature derating
− Neutral Protection
− Electronic trip units
− Trip unit Interchangeability
− Voltage based measurements/protections functions
− Advanced trip units functions
− Trip unit Simulator/Trip units testing (Ekip Connect)

20 August, 2020 Slide 2

—
Protection concept and application
Overview
Conductors, Insulation and Overcurrent
Overcurrent conditions

When a current flows in a conductor >> Heat is generated

so higher currents flowing will result in higher temperatures

Insulation of the conductor may break down, if the conductor temperature

increases due to overcurrent condition (overload or short circuit)

The point at which the current in a conductor creates enough heat to

exceed the temperature rating of its insulation is called the critical point.

The current rating for a circuit is usually determined by the size and type of
conductor and the type of insulation used.

20 August, 2020 Slide 4

IEC 60364-4-43
Overcurrent protection

Protection of Feeders

IZ: Cable current

IB: Load current

In: Circuit breaker current

20 August, 2020 Slide 5

Circuit breakers functionality
Complete Circuit breaker with Trip unit

MCB CB MCCB CB MCCB CB ACB CB

Thermo-magnetic trip unit Thermo-magnetic trip unit Electronic trip unit Electronic trip unit

20 August, 2020 Slide 6

Circuit breakers functionality
MV CB or LV Switch with external protection relay

Ekip UP*

Or Or Or

HD4 MV CB E2.2/MS Switch dis. T7D Switch dis. RELION Series relays
e.g. REF 615 relay*

20 August, 2020 Slide 7 * In conjunction with Current and Voltage Input

Low Voltage Circuit Breakers
Classification and Typical Values

MCB’s MCCB’s ACB’s

Miniature circuit breaker Moulded case circuit breaker Air circuit breaker
– Thermo-magnetic trip unit - Thermo-magnetic - Electronic trip units only
• Curves: B, C, K, D and Z - TMF, TMD, TMA, TMG, MF, MA - Ekip: Dip, Touch, Hi-Touch, G Touch,
- Electronic trip units G Hi-Touch
- Ekip: LS/I, I, LSI, LSIG, E-LSIG, M-I, M- - LI/ LSI/ LSIG
LIU, M-LRIU, G-LS/I, N-LS/I

20 August, 2020 Slide 8

—
Thermo-magnetic trip units
Overview and range
Low Voltage Circuit breakers
Screenshot from Specification requirements- MCBs Trip units

20 August, 2020 Slide 10

Overcurrent protection
Protection of Feeders

Circuit breakers functionality

20 August, 2020 Slide 11

Thermo-magnetic trip units
Tripping curve

Protection relay tripping curve

Thermo-magnetic trip unit

20 August, 2020 Slide 12

IEC 60947-2 vs IEC 60898-1
Miniature Circuit Breakers

20 August, 2020 Slide 13

IEC 60947-2 vs IEC 60898-1
Miniature Circuit Breakers

Type B&C:
Domestic sockets and light commercial applications where current surges are low

Type D and K
Electrical circuits which causes high inrush current, i.e. transformers, motors and X-ray machines

Type Z
High impedance cables, devices and components that have low surge and short circuit tolerances such as
semiconductor devices, or measuring circuits using current transformers

20 August, 2020 Slide 14

Thermo-magnetic trip units
Protections and thresholds

TMF Trip unit

TMA Trip unit

TMD Trip unit

20 August, 2020 Slide 15

Thermo-magnetic trip units
Protections and thresholds

Thermal Magnetic
Application Type Threshold Setting Mag. Threshold
Protection Protection
TMF ✓ Fixed: In ✓ Fixed: 10 x In
Distribution TMD ✓ (0.7-1) x In ✓ Fixed: 10 x In
TMA ✓ (0.7-1) x In ✓ (5-10) x In

Generator TMG (Tmax XT) ✓ (0.7-1) x In ✓ Fixed: 3 x In

Protection TMG (Tmax T) ✓ (0.7-1) x In ✓ (2.5-5) x In

Motor MF  - ✓ Fixed: 14 x In
Protection MA  - ✓ (6-14) x In

20 August, 2020 Slide 16

—
Temperature performance
Overview
Low Voltage Circuit breakers
Screenshot from Specification requirements- Trip units temperature derating

20 August, 2020 Slide 18

Trip units Temperature performances
Temperature Derating

Temperature performances
All circuit-breakers fitted with thermomagnetic trip unit have the thermal element set for a reference temperature of +40°C as per IEC
60947-2. With the same setting, for temperatures other than +40°C there is a variation in the thermal trip threshold.
De-ratings tables shall be followed for temperature derating up to 70 ° C

The electronic overcurrent trip units do not undergo any variations in performance as the temperature varies.

20 August, 2020 Slide 19

—
Neutral protection
Overview and range
Low Voltage Circuit breakers
Screenshot from Specification requirements- Neutral protection Trip units

20 August, 2020 Slide 21

MCB’s available versions
Phases Protection

1P/3P 2P/4P 1P+N/3P+N (disconnecting neutral NA)

Protection on live phases Protection and isolation on live phases Protection and isolation on live phases
Neutral protection/isolation is not and Neutral are provided and Neutral isolation only are provided
provided

S201 S203 S202 S204 S201NA S203NA

20 August, 2020 Slide 22

MCCB’s available versions
Phases Protection

1P/3P 2P/4P
Protection on live phases Protection and isolation on live phases and Neutral are provided
Neutral protection/isolation is not provided

A1 1P* A1 3P A1 2P* A1 4P

20 August, 2020 Slide 23 * 1P and 2P MCCB are available only in Formula range
—
Electronic Trip units
Overview and range
Low Voltage Circuit breakers
Screenshot from Specification requirements- TM or electronic Trip units

20 August, 2020 Slide 25

Low Voltage Circuit breakers
Screenshot from Specification requirements- TM or electronic Trip units

20 August, 2020 Slide 26

Electronic trip units
Available versions

Electronic Trip unit Ekip

Electronic releases are connected with current transformers (3 or 4)

- Supplying the power necessary to the proper functioning of the release (self-supply)
- Detecting the value of the current flowing inside the live conductors
- Compatible with A.C. networks only
- Not affected by Temperature as in TM MCCB’s

20 August, 2020 Slide 27

Electronic trip units
Available versions

Electronic Trip unit EKIP

Ekip Dip Ekip Touch/ Hi-Touch

20 August, 2020 Slide 28

Overcurrent protection
Protection of Feeders

Protection relay tripping curve

Electronic trip unit

20 August, 2020 Slide 29

MCCB Tmax Trip units
Trip units portfolio

Electronic Trip unit Ekip

20 August, 2020 Slide 30

Electronic trip units
Protections and thresholds

Example on Ekip LSIG Electronic Trip unit Ekip

Protection
Description Trip Current Threshold Trip time Threshold Relation
Function
Overloads with long
L inverse time delay trip I1= (0.4-1) x In t1= 3-12-36-60 at 3I1 t = k/l2 (inverse)

short-circuits with t = k/l2 (inverse)

S I2= (1-10) x In t2= 0.05-0.4 s
independent time delay t = k (definite)
short-circuits with
Instantaneous
I adjustable threshold and I3= (1-10) x In t = k (definite)
instantaneous trip time (<40ms)
G earth fault with
independent time delay I4= (0.2-1) x In t4= 0.1-0.8 s t = k (definite)
trip

20 August, 2020 Slide 31

MCCB Tmax Trip units
Trip units portfolio

Trip Unit XT1 XT2 XT3 XT4 T4 T5 T6 T7

TMD
Power Distribution ● ● ●
TMA ● ● ● ● ●
Ekip LS/I ● ●
Ekip I ● ●
Ekip LSI ● ●
Ekip LSIG ● ●
Ekip E-LSIG ● ●
PR221DS ● ● ●
PR222DS/P ● ● ●
PR222DS/PD ● ● ●
PR223DS ● ● ●
PR231/P ●
PR232/P ●
PR331/P ●
PR332/P ●

20 August, 2020 Slide 32

MCCB Tmax Trip units
Trip units portfolio

Trip Unit XT1 XT2 XT3 XT4 T4 T5 T6 T7

MF/MA ● ● ● ●
Motor Ekip M-I ●
Protection Ekip M-LIU ● ●
Ekip M-LRIU ● ●
PR221DS-I ● ● ●
PR231DS-I ●
TMG ● ● ●
Generator Ekip G-LS/I ● ●
Protection

PR223EF ● ● ● ●
EFDP

Oversized Ekip N-LS/I ● ●

Neutral 160%

20 August, 2020 Slide 33

MCCB Tmax Trip units
Trip units portfolio

Electronic Trip unit EKIP - distribution

20 August, 2020 Slide 34

MCCB Tmax Trip units
Trip units portfolio

Electronic Trip unit EKIP – Motor Protection

20 August, 2020 Slide 35

Low Voltage Circuit breakers
Screenshot from Specification requirements- ACB Trip units

20 August, 2020 Slide 36

SACE Emax 2
Control

Ekip Dip: The standard trip unit Ekip Touch: The smart trip unit Ekip Hi-Touch: The ultimate trip unit

• Current protection for basic distribution More than Ekip Dip: More than Ekip Touch:
• Thermal memory, separate settings for • Ready to be upgraded and customized • Advanced preloaded feature set
neutral • Advanced protection set for more • Class 1 accuracy
• LED signals trip cause; time and date of sophisticated systems (GFext + 2I) • Exclusive directional protection for
last trip available • Ready for measuring complex grids
• Embedded Bluetooth • Dual setting for smart grids and arc-flash
• Self-power

20 August, 2020 Slide 37

—
Interchangeable Trip units
Overview
Low Voltage Circuit breakers
Screenshot from Specification requirements- Interchangeable Trip units

20 August, 2020 Slide 39

Interchangeable Trip units
Tmax XT

https://youtu.be/kztBPVIa00o

20 August, 2020 Slide 40

Interchangeable Trip units
Emax2

Rating
Plug

https://youtu.be/1L6vpcbREw8

20 August, 2020 Slide 41

Interchangeable Trip units
Rating Plug for MCCB/ACB

Rating Plug
The rating plugs are field interchangeable from the front on all trip units and enable the protection thresholds to be adjusted according
to the actual rated current of the system.
This function is particularly advantageous in installations that may require future expansion or in cases in which the power supplied
needs to be limited temporarily (e.g. mobile Gen Set).

20 August, 2020 Slide 42

Interchangeable Trip units
Rating Plug for MCCB/ACB

Rating Plug
The rating plugs are field interchangeable from the front on all trip units and enable the protection thresholds to be adjusted according
to the actual rated current of the system.
This function is particularly advantageous in installations that may require future expansion or in cases in which the power supplied
needs to be limited temporarily (e.g. mobile Gen Set).

Circuit-breaker Rating plugs available

E1.2 400-630-800-1000-1250-1600
E1.2 250 100-200-250
E2.2 400-630-800-1000-1250-1600-2000-2500
E2.2 250 100-200-250
E4.2 400-630-800-1000-1250-1600-2000-2500-3200-4000
E6.2 400-630-800-1000-1250-1600-2000-2500-3200-4000-5000-6300

20 August, 2020 Slide 43

—
Advanced trip units
Overview
Low Voltage Circuit breakers
Screenshot from Specification requirements- ACB Trip units

20 August, 2020 Slide 45

Voltage Measurement/Protection function
External devices

CM-PVS.41S ABB M1M-10, M1M-12 ABB M4M-20, M4M-30

U/O Voltage, Ph. Seq & Digital Power Meter Network Analyzers
Failure Relay

20 August, 2020 Slide 46

Voltage Measurement/Protection function
Control - Default functionalities and upgradability of the trip units

20 August, 2020 Slide 47

—
Communication in Trip units
Overview
Trip units communication
Basic Level – Status Monitoring & Close/Open Control
AUX Motor YO YC

Status Monitoring & Close/Open Control:

➢ In case it is requested to Monitor Circuit Breaker

Positions (ON/OFF/Trip) & Control the operation
(Open/Close) using Communication from the
Centralized Management System (BMS, SCADA,..).

• We can use “Ekip Signaling Modbus TCP” which is

used to convert the signals from hard wire into
Modbus TCP Communication to communicate with
the centralized management systems.

• Circuit Breakers have to be provided with auxiliary

contact to indicate CB positions (ON/OFF/Trip) & to
be provided with Motor operator to receive opening
and closing Commands*.

* For Tmax T7 & Emax2 we must add Shunt Closing Release (YC) + Shunt Opening Release (YO) along with the Motor Operator
20 August, 2020 Slide 49
Circuit Breakers Monitoring Levels
Monitoring Level – Current & Energy Monitoring

Current & Energy Monitoring for MCCBs:

• For MCCB trip units have to be Electronic type that

Supports Communication & Current or Energy
Measurements.

• Provided with additional communication modules that

communicate the data with Modbus RTU Protocol.

• It will be able to transfer data (Current or Energy

measuring, Status, trip history, events and protection
thresholds) to the centralized management system.

• It is also possible to receive opening & closing

commands from the centralized management system.

20 August, 2020 Slide 50

Circuit breakers communication
Air Circuit breakers

Plug & Play modules

Plug&play communication cartridge modules enable direct

communication with the seven most common industrial
communication protocols and the cloud:

• Modbus RTU, Modbus TCP, Profibus DP, DeviceNet, ProfiNet,

Ethernet/IP, IEC 61850, Com Hub

Multiple modules can be used simultaneously.

Additionally, Emax 2 offers a wide range of analog and digital I/O

to acquire external measurement (i.e temperature) and signals.

The most flexible and comprehensive connectivity offering

20 August, 2020 Slide 51

—
Trip unit demo simulator
Overview
Trip unit demo simulator
Example

https://new.abb.com/low-voltage/products/circuit-breakers/tmax/trip-unit-simulator-xt

20 August, 2020 Slide 53