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conditional statements

The document outlines the structure and usage of 'if statements' in Python, including the syntax for if, elif, and else conditions. It explains logical operators such as 'and', 'or', and 'not', as well as the concept of nested if statements and the use of the pass statement for empty if blocks. Examples are provided to illustrate each concept clearly.

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sree priya palle
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6 views6 pages

conditional statements

The document outlines the structure and usage of 'if statements' in Python, including the syntax for if, elif, and else conditions. It explains logical operators such as 'and', 'or', and 'not', as well as the concept of nested if statements and the use of the pass statement for empty if blocks. Examples are provided to illustrate each concept clearly.

Uploaded by

sree priya palle
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
Download as pdf or txt
Download as pdf or txt
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An "if statement" is written by using the if keyword.

Python supports the usual logical conditions from mathematics:

• Equals: a == b

• Not Equals: a != b
• Less than: a < b

• Less than or equal to: a <= b

• Greater than: a > b

• Greater than or equal to: a >= b

If statement:

Syntax of If Statement:

if condition:
# Statements to execute if
# condition is true

a = 33
b = 200
if b > a:
print("b is greater than a")

Elif :

The elif keyword is Python's way of saying "if the previous conditions
were not true, then try this condition".

Example

a = 33
b = 33
if b > a:
print("b is greater than a")
elif a == b:
print("a and b are equal")

Else

Syntax of Python If-Else:

if (condition):
# Executes this block if
# condition is true
else:
# Executes this block if
# condition is false
You can also have an else without the elif:

Example

a = 200
b = 33
if b > a:
print("b is greater than a")
else:
print("b is not greater than a")

The else keyword catches anything which isn't caught by the preceding
conditions.

Example

a = 200
b = 33
if b > a:
print("b is greater than a")
elif a == b:
print("a and b are equal")
else:
print("a is greater than b")

Short Hand If

If you have only one statement to execute, you can put it on the same line
as the if statement.

Example

One line if statement:

if a > b: print("a is greater than b")

Short Hand If ... Else

If you have only one statement to execute, one for if, and one for else,
you can put it all on the same line:

Example
One line if else statement:

a = 2
b = 330
print("A") if a > b else print("B")

And

The and keyword is a logical operator, and is used to combine conditional


statements:

Example

Test if a is greater than b, AND if c is greater than a:

a = 200
b = 33
c = 500
if a > b and c > a:
print("Both conditions are True")

Or

The or keyword is a logical operator, and is used to combine conditional


statements:

Example

Test if a is greater than b, OR if a is greater than c:

a = 200
b = 33
c = 500
if a > b or a > c:
print("At least one of the conditions is True")

Not

The not keyword is a logical operator, and is used to reverse the result
of the conditional statement:

Example

Test if a is NOT greater than b:


a = 33
b = 200
if not a > b:
print("a is NOT greater than b")

Nested If

You can have if statements inside if statements, this is


called nested if statements.

Example

x = 41

if x > 10:
print("Above ten,")
if x > 20:
print("and also above 20!")
else:
print("but not above 20.")

The pass Statement

if statements cannot be empty, but if you for some reason have


an if statement with no content, put in the pass statement to avoid
getting an error.

Example

a = 33
b = 200

if b > a:
pass

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