HUMAN REPRODUCTION
PART 1
➢ Male Reproductive System
➢ Female Reproductive System
➢ Mammary gland
Reproductive events in human
➢ Gametogenesis
➢ Fertilisation
➢ Implantation
➢ Gestation
➢ Parturition
MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
Male Reproductive System
➢ A pair of testes
➢ Accessory ducts
➢ Accessory glands
➢ External genitalia.
➢ A pair of testis located outside the abdominal cavity
within a pouch called scortum
➢ Scortum maintain the low temperature
➢ Each testis is divided into 250 compartments called
testicular lobules
➢ Each lobule contain 1-3 highly coiled tubules called
seminiferous tubules
➢ It is lined by two type of cells
❑ Male germ cells
❑ Sertoli cells
✓ Region outside seminiferous tubules interstitial
space
✓ It contain small blood vessels and interstitial cells
or Leydig cell
✓ Leydig cells synthesize and secrete the male
hormones androgen
ACCESSORY DUCT
1. Rete testis
2. Vasa Efferentia
3. Epididymis
4. Vas deferens
ACCESSORY DUCT
▪ Rete testis: Set of tubules connect to both ends of
seminiferous tubules
▪ Vasa efferentia: Rete testis open into small tubules called
vasa efferentia
▪ Epididymis: Vasa efferentia combined to form epididymis,
where sperms are stored
▪ Vas deferens: Long muscular duct. Transfer sperm from
epididymis to urethra during ejaculation
▪ Ejaculatory duct: Vasa deferens by receiving duct from
seminal vesicles and join to urethra as ejaculatory duct
ACCESSORY GLANDS
➢ A pair of seminal vesicle
➢ A prostate glands
➢ Paired bulbourethral gland
➢ Secretion of these glands constitute the
seminal plasma
➢ The secretion of bulbourethral glands also
helps in the lubrication of penis
FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
A Pair of ovaries
▪ Primary sex organ of female
▪ Each ovary is covered by a thin
epithelium
▪ Which encloses the ovarian stroma
▪ The stroma is divided into two zones
a. Peripheral cortex
b. Inner medulla
Oviducts (Fallopian ducts)
✓ Carry ovum from the ovary to the uterus
✓ Infundibulum- Funnel shaped structure at the
opening of fallopian tube
✓ Fimbriae- Finger like projections at the edges
of infundibulum
✓ Ampulla- Wider part of the oviduct
✓ Isthmus- Part of oviduct having narrow lumen
UTERUS
▪ Single hollow muscular organ
▪ Invert pear shape
▪ Formed of three parts fundus, body and cervix
Cervix
▪ Narrow part of uterus which opens into the vagina
▪ Cavity of cervix cervical canal
▪ Cervical canal along with vagina forms the birth
canal
▪ Wall of uterus has three layers of tissue
a. Perimetrium
b. Myometrium
c. Endometrium
Vagina
▪ It is the lowermost part of female reproductive
part
▪ Opens to exterior between urethra and anus
▪ Act as both copulation canal and birth canal during
parturition
Female external genitalia
Includes
▪ Mons pubis: Cushion fatty tissue covered by skin and pubic
hair
▪ Labia majora: Large fleshy fatty hairy outer folds
▪ Labia minora: Paired folds of tissue under labia majora
▪ Hymen: Thin mucus membrane covering vaginal opening
▪ Clitoris: Erectile tissue
MAMMARY GLANDS
MAMMARY GLANDS ( BREASTS)
➢ It is paired structure
➢ Contain glandular and fatty tissue
➢ Glandular tissue is divided into 15-20
mammary lobes with alveoli (cluster of cells)
Mammary lobes Mammary alveoli Mammary tubules
Lactiferous duct Mammary ampulla Mammary duct
