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Lecture 2

Steel structures offer advantages such as lightness, high strength, ease of fabrication, and rapid construction, while also being termite and rot proof. However, they are susceptible to corrosion and have low fire resistance. Compared to concrete structures, steel provides lower project costs, greater aesthetic appeal, and modifiability for future changes.

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30 views15 pages

Lecture 2

Steel structures offer advantages such as lightness, high strength, ease of fabrication, and rapid construction, while also being termite and rot proof. However, they are susceptible to corrosion and have low fire resistance. Compared to concrete structures, steel provides lower project costs, greater aesthetic appeal, and modifiability for future changes.

Uploaded by

sheikhmohammadismail58
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Advantages of Steel Structures

 Lightness
 High strength and stiffness per weight
 Ease of fabrication and mass production
 Fast and easy erection and installation
 Substantial elimination of delays due to weather
 More accurate detailing
 Non-shrinking and non-creeping at ambient temperature
 Formwork unneeded
 Termite proof and rot proof
 Uniform quality
 Economy in transportation and handling
Disadvantages of Steel Structures

 Susceptibility to corrosion

 Low fire resistance

 Buckling and high deformation due to small sizes of members


Advantages of steel structures
over concrete structures
 Speed of Construction
 Structural steel enhances construction productivity because of its
shop fabrication while maintaining tight construction tolerances.

 Rapid erection in all seasons with close tolerances being


maintained for integration with other building systems and minimal
construction site waste is achievable only with structural steel.
Advantages of steel structures
over concrete structures
 Lower Project Costs

 Structural steel framing system including decking and fire


protection will typically cost 5% to 7% less than a concrete framing
system on a national basis.

 Aesthetic Appeal

 Structural steel allows the project architect a greater degree of


expression and creativity in their design than any other
construction material.

 Structural steel sections can be bent and rolled to create non-linear


members to further enhance the aesthetic appeal of the structure.
Advantages of steel structures
over concrete structures
 High Strength
 All other materials talk about high strength, but their strength is still
less than that of structural steel even when enhanced by steel
reinforcing.

 Sustainable
 Rather than utilizing land for quarrying operations to provide
aggregates or as landfills for construction material waste, structural
steel is emptying salvage yards allowing that land to be used for
other purposes.
 By contrast buildings using other materials cost between $3 and
$10 per square foot to demolish, scrap and landfill.
Advantages of steel structures
over concrete structures
 Innovative
 New systems such as Girder-Slab, Conxtech and Side-Plate join
ongoing innovations addressing issues such as long-span deck
systems, fire protection, connection optimization, coating systems
and progressive collapse.
Advantages of steel structures
over concrete structures
 Modifiable

 Structural steel buildings can be modified in the future for new


applications, loading conditions, vertical expansions and changes
in owner desires in ways that other framing systems can never
accomplish.

 Existing steel columns and beams can be strengthened through


the attachment of steel plate to the flanges or web of sections
allowing for greater loads.

 New stairways can be added to existing steel framed buildings by


removing a portion of the floor decking, bracing a single bay and
adding the desired stair structure.
Advantages of steel structures
over concrete structures
 Efficient
 Structural steel buildings optimize building space efficiency through
the use of slender columns maximizing useable floor space, longer
spans for open, column-free spaces and the integration of HVAC
systems into structural spaces allowing reduction of floor-to-floor
heights.
 The typical steel column occupies 75% less floor space than an
equivalent concrete column. At the same time structural steel
allows longer spans that eliminate intermediate columns creating
open floor areas ideal for today’s office layouts.
 Parking structures benefit from smaller structural steel columns
and longer spans as well.
Types of Steel Sections
 Hot rolled sections
 these are rolled into shape while steel is hot.

 Universal beams (UB)

 Universal columns (UC)

 Parallel/taper flange channels (PFC/TFC)

 Equal/unequal angles (EA/UA)


Types of Steel Sections
 Welded sections
 sections are made of plates which are welded together to form the
desired shape.

 Welded Beams (WB) (an I section made of three plates welded


together).
Material Specifications
Types of Steel Sections
 Cold formed steel sections
 These are formed from thin plates at room temperature.
 Cold-formed steel is much thinner than hot rolled steel (typical
thickness range 0.6mm-2mm).
 Corrugated roof sheets, purlins (C & Z sections)
Where and when use steel structures?
 Long-span structures
 Multi-storey and high-rise buildings
 Buildings of heavy duty plants
 Tower and mast structures
 Portal frames
 Bridges
 Infrastructures
 Deployable structures
 Generalized structures
Structural Steel Applications
Structural Steel Applications

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