“HAPTER RACTICE (UNSOLVED) yecTV E Type Questions ark| 1. atoms consist of a positively charged nucleus is obvious from the following observation of Geiger"Marsden experiment a) most of Orparticles do not pass straight thro the gold foil amet (p) many of a-particles are scattered through the acute angles (© very large number of ovparticles are large angles (@)None of the above deflected by The simple Bohr model cannot be directly applied to calculate the energy levels of an atom with many electrons. This is because NCERT Exemplar (a) of the electrons not being subject to a central force (b) of the electrons colliding with each other (0) of screening effects (d) the force between the nucleus and an electron will no longer be given by Coulomb’s law Taking the Bohr radius as a, = 53 pm, the radius of Li** ion in its ground state, on the basis of Bohr’s model, will be about NCERT Exemplar (@ 13pm In Bohr’s atomic model, in going to a higher level (PE= potential energy, TE = total energy) (a) PE decreases, TE increases (b) PE increases, TE increases (0) PE decreases, TE decreases (@) PE increases, TE decreases (@)53pm (b) 27pm (c) 18pm ‘The kinetic energy in ground state of hydrogen atom is ~ 13.6 eV. What will be the potential energy of electron in this state? ()-27.2 eV (b) +27.2eV (c) ~13.6eV (d)0 eV " Balmer formula is valid for (@) hydrogen : (b) singly ionised helium (€) doubly ionised lithium (a) Allof the above In hydrogen spectrum, H, lines lies in (a) Lyman series (b) Balmer series (©) Paschen series, (@ Brackett or Pfund in one of them The number of spectral lines produced due to transition among three energy levels will be @0 8 (6 @3 The de-Broglie wavelength of an electron in first Bohr's orbit is. (a) equal ot of circumference of orbit (©) equal to ; of circumference of orbit (©) equal to twice of circumference of orbit (@) equal to the circumference of orbit VERY SHORT ANSWER Type Questions [1 Mark| 10. What is the impact parameter for scattering of a-particle by 180°? ff. What is the ratio of mass of an a-particle to that of an electron? 12. Calculate the radius of the first orbit of H-atom. Show that the velocity of electron in the first orbit is 1/137 times the velocity of light, 13. Name the spectral series of H-atom lying in the infrared region. SHORT ANSWER Type Questions |2 Marks| 14. Explain, why scattering of a-particles in Rutherford's experiment is not affected by the mass of the nucleons?526 1S. Derive the expression for the wavelength of the H-atom for different spectral series 16. Derive the Bohr's quantisation condition for angular momentum of the orbiting of electron in hydrogen atom, using de-Broglie's hypothesis. ‘All India 2017 LONG 3 Marks| {7. Explain the significance of negative energy of an electron in an orbit. What is the energy possessed by an electron for n = =? 1S. Draw energy levels for the hydrogen atom. 19. What does an emperical formula mean? Hence, explain that how Balmer proposed this formula? 20. Using Bohr's postulates, derive the expression for the total energy of the electron revolving in n th orbit of hydrogen atom. Find the wavelength of H, line, given the value of Rydberg constant, R=lxi0'm, 21. Whatis the difference between emission spectra and absorption spectra? 22. Explain the origin of spectral lines of hydrogen using Bohr's theory. 23. How did de-Broglie’s equation lead to the quantisation condition laid down by Bohr? ONG ANSWER Type II Questions 15 Marks| 24. (i) State the basic assumption of the Rutherford model of an atom. Explain in brief, why this model cannot account for the stability of an atom? (ii) Using Bohr’s postulates, derive the expression for radius of electron in nth orbit of electron in hydrogen atom. 25. (i) Using postulates of Bohr’s theory of hydrogen atom, show that (a) the radii of orbits increase as n? and (b) the total energy of the electron increases as 1/n*, where n is the principal quantum number of the atom. (ii) Calculate the wavelength of H,line in Balmer series of hydrogen atom. Given, Rydberg constant, R = 1.097% 10’ m7. ANSWER Type I Questions | Allgnone | PHYSICS Clas, et | ANSWERS Lo 2@ 20 40 5 & 6M 7% 8 2 10. We know that impact parameter (b), = 124” cota 4m Here, = 180° , ° (cot tt0r= So, impact parameter becomes zero when scatter ‘G-particles occurs at 180°, i I. We have, mass of a-particle (He!) =4 1.67 x10 kg Mass of electron = 9.110 kg ‘Mg _4X1.67 x10” rm, 9.1x107" Hence, a-particle is 7341 times heavier than electron, wieey aaa 0 = 7341 12 We have, radius of mh orbit, 7, Forn=1, Hey _ (663x10™)' x(@85x10) _ 95 or (8.14) (91x10) (16x10? me By Bohr’s postulate, we can also write as nh 2xmr (i) Putting Eq. (i) in Eq. (), we get Forn=1,we get ¥, a or we can write it as = = 18. Brackett and Pfund series of H-atom lying in the infrared region. 14. The electrostatic force of attraction between a-particls and nucleus is ~ 10™ stronger than the gravitational force, ie. mal aa eer i R404 wey Hence, scattering of a-particles is not affected by the ‘mass of nucleus significantly 15. Refer to text on page 510. 16, Refer to text on page 511. 17, Refer to text on page 508. 18. Refer to text on page 509. at‘527 oi nnn routs based soley ono op Pecan bat not necessary rata tee and 28. (i) (a) Refer to the text on page 508 mpeg erect spectral lines within ee {b) Refer tothe text on page 509 cpa drogen spectrum decreases ea crm decreas in gular (i) We know that, 1 = 5-4 ws rein cetesoeee wey At geies and ate wearin intensity, Bal é fermelength. ) Refer to text on pages 509 and 510. OL Refer to text on Page 510- pefer to text on page 510 pefer to text on page 511 6) Refer tothe text on BABES 505 and 507. {i Refer to the text om page 508. RELATED ONLINE VIDEOS Visit : https:/Aww.youtube. comwatch? = \ v=WgJbBcVFI21 Visit : https: Jjwnnnwyoutube.comiwatch? v=wilNTUZOAW oR Scan the Code OR Scanthe Code al Visit : https:/smww.youtube. com/watch? a | v=womYCW3Ebo \ OR Scan the Code 4(Collection of Questions asked in Last 7Years’ 2018-2012) CBSE Class 12th Examinations |CBSE EXAMINATION ARCHIVE VERY SHORT ANSWER Type Questions 1 Mark| 1. WhenH, line of the Balmer series in the emission spectrum of H-atom is obtained ? Delhi 20136 Y Refer to Q. 9 on page 512. 2. Why is the classical (Rutherford) model for an atom of electron orbiting around the nucleus not able to explain the atomic structure? Delhi 2012 Y Refer to Q. 6 on page 512. SHORT ANSWER Type Questions |2 Marks| 3. Define the distance of closest approach. An -particle of kinetic energy Kis bombarded on a thin gold foil. The distance of the closest approach is r. What will be the distance of closest approach for an.a-particle of double the kinetic energy? All India 2016 ¥ Refer to Q.11 on page 512. 4. Find out the wavelength of the electron orbiting in the ground state of hydrogen atom. Dehli 2016 Refer to Q.53 on page 515. 5. Find the wavelength of the electron orbiting in the first excited state in hydrogen atom. All India 2016 v Refer to Q. 54 on page 515, 6. A125 eV electron beam is used to excite a gaseous hydrogen atom at room temperature, Determine the wavelengths and the corresponding series of the lines emitted. All India 2016 Y Refer to Q. 31 on page 514, 7. The short wavelength limit for the Lyman series of the hydrogen spectrum is 913.4 A. Calculate the short wavelength limit for Balmer series of the hydrogen spectrum, Y Refer to Q. 43 on page 514. Delhi 2016 : mn electron makes a transition from Sees eval = 151eV to - 34 eV, then calculate the wavelength of the spectral line emitted and ame the series of hydrogen spectrum to which it belongs. Delhi 2016 Y Refer to 0.44 on page 515 9. State Bohr's postulate of hydrogen atom that gives the relationship for the frequency of 8. The ground state energy of hydrogen atom is . Foreign 2016 emitted photon in a transition. Y Refer to Q. 15 on page 513. 10. Anelectron jumps from fourth to first orbit in an atom. How many maximum number of spectral lines can be emitted by the atom? To which series these lines correspond? Y Refer to Q. 45 on page 515. ff, Use de-Broglie's hypothesis to write the relation for the nth radius of Bohr orbit in terms of Bohr's quantization condition of orbital angular momentum. Foreign 2016 ¥ Refer to Q. 24 (f) on page 513. 12. Calculate the shortest wavelength of the spectral lines emitted in Balmer series. [Given, Rydberg constant, R =10" m=] All India 2016 Foreign 2016 Y Refer to Q. 48 on page 515. 13. Ana-particle moving with initial kinetic energy K towards a nucleus of atomic number Z approaches a distance d at which it reverses its direction. Obtain the expression for the distance of closest approach d in terms of the kinetic energy of a-particle K. ‘Compt. 2018 Y Refer to Q. 12 on page 513. 14. Find the ratio between the wavelengths of the ‘most energetic’ spectral lines in the Balmer and Paschen series of the hydrogen spectrum, Y Refer to Q. 50 on page 515. ‘Compt. 2016 15. Show that the radius of orbit in hydrogen atom: varies asn?, where is the principal quantum number of atom, All India 2015 Y Refer to Q.16 on page 513.late the Shortest wavelength in the Balmer tet hydrogen atom. In which rege (infrared, Sica owargen neon ae, vivelength lie? Delhi 2015 refert0 0.49 0n page 515, when an electron in hydrogen atom jumps from + the third excited state to ground state, how would be de-Broglie wavelength associate d with the electron charge? Justify your answer. Delhi 2015 ¥ Referto Example 7 on pages 511 and 512, Js. Using Rutherford model of the atom, derive an ” expression for the total energy of the electron in H-atom, What is the signific; ance of total negative energy possessed by the electron? AllIndia 2014 + Refer to text on pages 506 and 507, A125 eV electron beam is used to bombard " gaseous hydrogen at room temperature. Upto which energy level the hydrogen atoms wea be excited? Calculate the war wvelengths of the first member of Lyman and first member of Balmer series. Delhi 2014 ¥ Refer t0 Q. 60 on page 515, . Using Boht’s postulates of the atomic model, derive the expression for radius ofnthelectron orbit. Hence, obtain the expression for Bohr’s radius, AlLIndia 2014; Delhi 20106 v Refer to.Q. 17 on page 513, 21. In the ground state of H-atom, its Bohr’s radius 'sgiven as 5.3x10"" m. The atom is excited such that the radius becomes 21.2x 10""'m. Find (i) the value of the principal quantum number and (ti) the total energy of the atom in this excited state, Delhi 2013¢ ¥ Refer t0 Q. 39 on page 514. 22, (i) In H-atom, an electron ‘undergoes transition from second excited state to the first excited state and then to the ground state. Identify the spectral series to which these transitions belong. ‘i}) Find out the ratio of the wavelengths of the emitted radiations in the two cases. 12012 Refer to Q. 52 on page 515. pat * (@) State Bohr's postulate to define stable orbits in hydrogen atom. How does de~ Brogle hypothesis explain the stability of orbits? ee Ly) (b) A hydrogen atom initially in the ground state absorbs a photon which excites it to the n=4 level. Estimate the frequency of the photon. CBSE 2018 ¥ Refer to Q. 28 on page 514 24, (i) State Bohr's quantisation condition for defining stationary orbits. How does de-Broglie’s hypothesis explain the stationary orbits? (i) Find the relation between the three Wavelengths 2,2, and 2, from the energy level diagram shown below. Ci fe da Delhi 2016 Y Refer to 0. 26 on page 513. 25. Using Bohr’s Postulates, obtain the total expression for the energy of the electron in the stationary states of the H-atom, Hence, draw the energy level diagram showing how the line spectra corresponding to Balmer series occur due to transition between energy levels. Delhi 2013 Y Refer to 0. 25 on page 513. 26. Using Bohr's postulates for H-atom, show that the total energy (E) of the electron in the stationary states can be expressed as the suin of kinetic energy (K) and potential energy (L), where K =—2U. Hence, deduce the expression for the total energy in the nth energy level of H-atora, Foreign 2012 Y Refer to Q. 23 on page 513, 27. () Using Bohr’s second postulate of quantisation of orbital angular momentum, show that the circumference of the electron in the nth orbital state in Heatom is n-times the de-Broglie wavelength associated with it, (W) The electron in H-atom is initially in the third excited state. What is the maximum number of spectral lines which can be ‘emitted when it tinally moves to the ground state? Delhi 2012 ¥ Refer 10 Q. 24 on page 513,