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Audio+Visual Books Mahesh Shinde’s

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R

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2. KQ>Zm {Z{‘©Vr
(Making of the Constitution)
g§{dYmZ g^m 1 br ~¡R>H$ - 9 {S>g|~a 1946
g§{dYmZ g^oV 389 gXñ¶ hmoVo.
KQ>Zm g{‘Vr Aܶj - S>m°. amO|ÐàgmX - 11 {S>g|. 1946
Cnmܶj ‘wIOu
{~«{Q>e àm§V 296 g§ñWmZmgmR>r 93

O. Zohê§$Zr ""C{Ôï>m§Mm R>amd ‘m§S>bm - 13 [S>g|~a 1946''

JìhZ©a AgUmè¶m 11 Mr’$ H${‘ímZa àm§V 4
àm§Vm‘YyZ 292 ({Xëcr, AO‘oa, Hw$J©,
R>amd pñdH¥$V Ho$bm - 22 OmZodmar 1947 ~cw{MñVmZ à˶oH$s EH$)

{~«{Q>e g§gXoV ‘m§S>bm - 4 Owb¡ 1947 Odmhabmb Zohé§Zr ^maVr¶ amîQ´>r¶ H$m±J«ogÀ¶m dVrZo
åhQ>bo.
 {~«{Q>e gaH$maZo n{hë¶m§XmM ^maVmMr KQ>Zm ‘w»¶V:
amÁ¶mZo Vmo ‘mݶ Ho$bm - 18 Owb¡ 1948 ^maVr¶m§Zr V¶ma H$amdr ho VËd 1940 À¶m bm°S>©
{bZ{bWJmo ¶m§À¶m "Am°JñQ> Am°’$a' Ûmao ‘mݶ Ho$bo.
 ñQ>°’$S>© {H«$ßg (1942) ¶m§À¶m ¶moOZoVrb VaVwXrZwgma
KQ>ZoMm A§{V‘ ‘gwXm ‘m§S>bm - 4 Zmoìh|. 1948
^maVr¶ amÁ¶KQ>Zm hr àm‘w»¶mZo ^maVr¶m§Zr V¶ma H$amdr ho
VÎd ‘mݶ H$aʶmV Ambo.
amÁ¶KQ>Zm ñdrH¥$V - 26 Zmoìh|. 1949  ^maVmMr XmoZ ñdm¶ËV XoemV {d^mJUr H$amdr d XmoZ
ñdV§Ì KQ>Zm g{‘Vr Agmì¶mV Ago ‘wñbr‘ brJMo åhUUo
Agë¶m‘wio ‘wñbr‘ brJZo {H«$ßg àñVmd ZmH$mabm Jobm.
KQ>Zm {Z{‘©Vr (Making of the Constitution)
 1946 ‘ܶo H°${~ZoQ> {‘eZ ^maVmV nmR>{dʶmV Ambo.
 1934 ‘ܶo E‘.EZ.am°¶ ¶m§Zr n{hë¶m§Xm KQ>Zm g{‘VrMr  H°${~ZoQ> {‘eZZo XmoZ KQ>Zm g{‘VtMr g§H$ënZm A‘mݶ
(Constituent Assembly) g§H$ënZm ‘m§S>br. Ho$br Am{U g§{dYmZ g^oÀ¶m {Z{‘©VrMr VaVwX Ho$cr
 {S>g|~a 1934 nmQ>Um A{YdoeZmV (INC) ^maVr¶ amîQ´>r¶
H$m§°J«ogZo A[YH¥$V[a˶m ^maVmÀ¶m amÁ¶KQ>ZoH$arVm KQ>Zm
KQ>Zm g{‘VrMr g§aMZm
g{‘VrÀ¶m {Z{‘©VrMr ‘mJUr Ho$br. (Structure of the Constituent Assembly)
 ""àm¡T> ‘Vm{YH$mamda {ZdSy>Z Amboë¶m KQ>Zm g{‘VrZo
H$moU˶mhr ~mø hñVjonm{edm¶ ñdV§Ì ^maVmÀ¶m amÁ¶  1946 ‘ܶo g§{dYmZ g^oMr / KQ>Zm g{‘VrMr ñWmnZm.
KQ>ZoMr {Z{‘©Vr Ho$br nm{hOo'' Ago ‘V 1938 ‘ܶo  93 OmJm g§ñWmZm§gmR>r (Princely State) hmo˶m.

4
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Audio+Visual Books
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 BVa {df¶m§Mo
Audio+Visual Books Mahesh Shinde’s
^maVr¶ amÁ¶ì¶dñWm
R

DnyanadeeP
{‘i{dʶmgmR>r AcademY
FOR UPSC & MPSC

 {~«{Q>e ^maVmgmR>r Agboë¶m 296 OmJm§n¡H$r 292 OmJm ""Eo{Vhm{gH$ C{Ôï>m§Mm R>amd KQ>Zm g{‘VrV ‘m§S>cm d hm
JìhZ©a Agboë¶m 11 àm§Vm‘YyZ ^amd¶mÀ¶m hmo˶m R>amd 22 OmZodmar 1947 amoOr ñdrH¥$V Ho$cm Jocm.
Am{U à˶oH$s 1 ¶mà‘mUo 4 OmJm Mma ‘w»¶ Am¶w³Vm§À¶m  ‘wpñb‘ brJZo ñdV§Ì nm{H$ñVmZMr ‘mJUr Ho$ë¶mZo brJMo
àm§Vm‘YyZ ^amd¶mÀ¶m hmo˶m. gXñ¶ ~¡R>H$sbm hOa amhÿ eH$bo ZmhrV.
 à˶oH$ à§mVmbm Am{U g§ñWmZmbm (N>moQ>¶m g§ñWmZm§À¶m  OoîR>V‘ gXñ¶ Agboë¶m S>m°. g{ƒXmZ§X {gÝhm ¶m§Mr
~m~VrV g§ñWmZm§À¶m JQ>mbm) ˶m§À¶m à‘mUmV OmJm {Xë¶m ’«$mÝgÀ¶m nÜXVrbm AZwgéZ g§{dYmZ g^oMo VmËnwaVo
OmUma hmo˶m. Aܶj åhUyZ {ZdS> Ho$br Jobr. Cnmܶj - ’«±$H$ A°ÝWmoZr
 gmYmaUnUo 10 bmI bmoH$g§»¶o‘mJo, EH$ gXñ¶.  11 {S>g|~a 1946 ¶m {Xder S>m°. amO|ÐàgmX Aܶj d
 g§{dYmZ g^oÀ¶m gXñ¶m§À¶m {ZdS>UwH$m Aà˶jnUo EH$b ha§oÐàgmX ‘wIOu (EM.gr.‘wIOu) ¶m§Mr Cnmܶj åhUyZ
g§H«$‘Ur¶ ‘VmÛmao à‘mUera à{V{ZYrËdmÀ¶m nÜXVrZo {ZdS> H$aʶmV Ambr.
(System of Proportional Representation by means of
 g§{dYmZ g^oMo KQ>ZmË‘H$ gëbmJma åhUyZ ~r.EZ.amd
the Single Transferable Vote) Ho$ë¶m Joë¶m. ¶m§Zm {Z¶w³V Ho$bo Jobo.
 ho gXñ¶ 1935 À¶m H$m¶X¶mZwgma, ZwH$˶mM ñWmnZ
H$aʶmV Amboë¶m àm§{VH$ H$m¶Xo‘§S>im§À¶m, gXñ¶m§H$Sy>Z g§{dYmZ g^oÀ¶m aMZoV ~Xb
(Changes in the Composition of Constituent Assembly)
{ZdSy>Z {Xbo OmVrb.
 gd© g‘wXm¶m§Zm à{V{ZYrËd {‘imdo ¶mgmR>r OmJm§Mo {d^mOZ
 "‘mD§$Q>~°Q>Z ¶moOZm' (3 OyZ 1947) À¶m AmYmamda 4
VrZ à‘wI JQ>m§‘ܶo erI, ‘wpñb‘ d gd© gmYmaU
Owb¡ 1947 bm {~«{Q>e g§gXoZo ^maVr¶ ñdmV§Í¶mMm H$m¶Xm
(General) Ago H$aʶmV Ambo.
 KQ>Zm g{‘VrgmR>r {~«{Q>e ^maVmÀ¶m àm§Vm‘Yrb 296 1947 bm {~«{Q>e g§gXoV ‘m§S>bm. ˶mbm 18 Owb¡ 1947
OmJm§gmR>r Owb¡ Am°JñQ> 1946 ‘ܶo {ZdS>UwH$m KoʶmV amoOr {~«Q>re amOmZo ‘mݶVm {Xbr.
Amë¶m. ¶m {ZdS>UwH$sV ^maVr¶ amîQ´>r¶ H$m±J«ogZo 208  ¶m H$m¶X¶mZwgma ^maV d nm{H$ñVmZ hr XmoZ ñdV§Ì amîQ´>o
(Dominions) {Z‘m©U H$aʶmV Ambr.d ˶m§Zm ñdV:Mr
OmJm qOH$ë¶m Va ‘wñbr‘ brJ 73 OmJm§da {dO¶r Pmbr,
amÁ¶KQ>Zm {Z‘m©Êm H$aʶmMo A{YH$ma {Xbo Jobo.
BVa JQ> d Anj C‘oXdmam§Zm 15 OmJm {‘imë¶m. na§Vw
 ˶mnyduM ~S>moXm, nQ>r¶mcm,aodm, {~H$mZoa,CX¶nya, Am{U
g§ñWmZm§Zr, KQ>Zm g{‘VrV gh^mJr Z hmoʶmMo R>a{dë¶mZo
O¶nya ¶m g§ñWm{ZH$m§À¶m à{V{ZYtZr 28 E{àb 1947amoOr
˶m§Zm {Xboë¶m 93 OmJm [aH$må¶m am{hë¶m.
g§{dYmZ g^o‘ܶo àdoe Ho$bm.
 KQ>Zm g{‘Vr ^maVmVrb bmoH$m§Zr àm¡T> ‘Vm{YH$mamZwgma
 Cd©[aV g§ñWm{ZH$m§À¶m (Princely States) à{V{ZYtZr d
à˶j nÜXVrZo {ZdS>bobr Zgbr Var KQ>Zm g{‘VrV qhXÿ,
^maVmVrb ‘wpñb‘ brJÀ¶m à{V{ZYtZr gwÜXm ‘mD§$Q>~°Q>Z
‘wñbr‘,erI, nmaer, A§°½bmo-B§{S>¶Z, ^maVr¶ {¼íMZ,
¶moOZm Omhra Pmë¶mZ§Va Amnmnë¶m OmJm {ZpíMV Ho$ë¶m.
AZwwgy{MV OmVr, AZwgyM{V O‘mVr, VgoM ¶m KQ>H$mVrb
‘{hbm ¶m ^maVr¶ g‘mOmVrb gd© KQ>H$m§Mo à{V{Z{YËd ^maVr¶ ñdmV§Í¶mMm H$m¶Xm (1947) Zwgma
hmoVo. Imbrcà‘mUo VrZ ~Xb Ho$bo Jobo
 ‘hmË‘m Jm§Yr Am{U E‘.E.OrZm dJiVm ˶m doiÀ¶m gd© 1) g§{dYmZ g^obm nyU© gmd©^m¡‘ (Sovoreign Body)
‘hËdmÀ¶m 춳Vr KQ>Zm g{‘VrV gh^mJr hmo˶m. ~Z{dʶmV Ambo.
KQ>Zm g{‘VrMo H$m‘H$mO 2) g§{dYmZ g^obm H$m¶Xo‘§S>imMm XOm© (Legislative
(Working of the Constituent Assembly) Status) àmá Pmcm.H$m¶© …
i) ñdV§Ì ^maVmgmR>r KQ>Zm {Z{‘©Vr.
 g§{dYmZ g^oMr n{hcr ~¡R>H$ 9 {S>g|~a 1946 amoOr nma ii) XoemgmR>r H$m¶Xo H$aUo.
nS>br. (211 gXñ¶ CnpñWV)
 n§. Odmhacmc Zohê$ ¶m§Zr, 13 {S>g|~a 1946 amoOr

6
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darb hr H$m‘o doJdoJi¶m {Xder nma nS>V. KQ>Zm g{‘VrZo ^maVmMr h§Jm‘r g§gX (Provisional
i) KQ>Zm {Z{‘©VrÀ¶m H$m¶m©H$[aVm Á¶m Á¶m doir g§{dYmZ Parliament) åhUyZ H$m‘ Ho$co.
g^oÀ¶m ~¡R>H$m hmoV, ˶m ˶m doiog S>m°. amO|Ð àgmX
ho Aܶj åhUyZ H$m¶© H$aV hmoVo. g§{dYmZ g^oÀ¶m g{‘˶m
ii) H$m¶Xo {Z{‘©Vr / H$m¶Xo H$aUo hoM g§{dYmZ g^oMo (Committees of the constituent Assembly)
à‘wI H$m¶© Agë¶m‘wio g§{dYmZ g^m ñdV§Ì ^maVmMo
 g§{dYmZ g^oZo KQ>Zm {Z{‘©VrMr doJdoJir H$m‘o nyU©
n{hbo H$m¶Xo‘§S>i R>abo.
H$aʶmgmR>r {d{dY g{‘˶m§Mr {Z{‘©Vr Ho$cr ˶mn¡H$s à‘wI
iii) H$m¶Xo ‘§S>imÀ¶m ‘hËdnyU© H$m‘mH$[aVm nma nS>Êmmè¶m
g{‘˶m
~¡RH$r H$aVm Or.ìhr.‘mdiUH$a ho Aܶj åhUyZ
H$m¶© H$aV. 1) ‘gwXm g{‘Vr S>m°. ~m~mgmho~ Am§~oS>H$a
 ˶m§Mr Aܶj åhUyZ {ZdS> 17 Zmoìh|~a 1947 amoOr (Drafting Committe)
Ho$br Jobr. 2) g§KamÁ¶ A{YH$ma g{‘Vr
 g§{dYmZ g^oMr hr XmoÝhr H$m‘o 26 Zmoìh|~a 1949 3) g§KamÁ¶ KQ>Zm g{‘Vr Odmhabmb Zohê$
n¶©V Mmbbr. 4) amÁ¶m§gmR>r MM}gmR>r g{‘Vr
 26 OmZodmar 1950 - ‘mM© 1952 n¶ªV g§{dYmZ
5) àm§{VH$ KQ>Zm g{‘Vr dëb^^mB© nQ>ob
g^oZo VmËnwaVr g§gX åhUyZ H$m¶© Ho$co.
6) ‘yb^yV h³H$ d Aëng§»¶m§H - gaXma nQ>oc
3) nm{H$ñVmZmV Joboë¶m joÌmVrb ‘wpñb‘ brJMo gXñ¶
i) ‘yb^yV h³H$ Cng{‘Vr - Oo.~r.H¥$nbmZr
g§{dYmZ g^oVyZ ~mhoa nS>ë¶mZo ^maVmÀ¶m g§{dYmZ
ii) Aëng§»¶mH$ Cng{‘Vr - EM.gr. ‘wIOu
g^oMr gXñ¶ g§ñWm 299 BVH$s Pmbr.
iii) B©emݶgr‘m Am{Xdmgr VgoM Amgm‘ joÌmg§~§Yr
Cng{‘Vr - JmonrZmW ~mS>m}cmB©
iv) Amgm‘ dJiyZ joÌmgmR>r - E.ìhr. R>³H$a
g§{dYmZ g^oMr BVa H$m‘o v) dm¶ì¶ gahÔ Am{Xdmgr joÌ Cng{‘Vr
(Other Functions)
7) H$m¶©nÜXVr {Z¶‘ g{‘Vr S>m°.amO|Ð àgmX
1) g§{dYmZ g^oZo ^maVmÀ¶m amîQ´>Hw$bmÀ¶m gXñ¶Ëdmcm ‘o 8) gwH$mUy g{‘Vr
1949 ‘ܶo >AZw‘moXZ {Xbo. Xþ涑 g{‘˶m
2) Am§Y«àXoe ¶oWrb qnJbr d|H$æ¶m ¶m§Zr V¶ma Ho$boë¶m
1) {dÎm Am{U H$‘©Mmar g{‘Vr S>m°. amO|Ð àgmX
^maVr¶ amîQ´>r¶ ÜdOmÀ¶m à{VH¥$Vrg 22 Owb¡ 1947 amoOr
2) amîQ´>ÜdOmg§~§Yr h§Jm‘r
‘mݶVm {Xbr.
g{‘Vr
3) VgoM 24 OmZodmar 1950 amoOr KQ>Zm g{‘VrZo amîQ´>JrV
Am{U amîQ´>JmZ ñdrH¥$V Ho$bo. 3) g^mJ¥h g{‘Vr ~r. nÅ>m^r grVmam‘æ¶m
4) nwT>o S>m°.amO|Ð àgmX ¶m§Mr ^maVmMo n{hbo amîQ´>nVr åhUyZ 24 4) àm§VmÀ¶m ‘w»¶ Am¶w³Vm§Mr
OmZodmar 1950 ¶m amoOr KQ>Zm g{‘VrZo {ZdS> Ho$br. g{‘Vr
 KQ>Zm g{‘VrMo H$m‘H$mO EHy$U 2 df}, 11 ‘{hZo 18 5) KQ>ZoÀ¶m ‘gwÚmMo narjU Odmhabmb Zohê$
{Xdg Mmbbo. g{‘Vr
 g§{dYmZ g^oMr EHy$U 11 gÌo Pmbr. 6) H$m‘H$mO H«$‘ g{‘Vr S>m°. Ho$. E‘. ‘wÝer
 KQ>Zm {Z{‘©VrH$arVm 64 bmI ê$n¶o BVH$m IM©. 7) KQ>Zm g{‘VrÀ¶m JUoe dmgwXod ‘mdiUH$a
 26 OmZodmar 1950 nmgyZ 1950-51 ‘ܶo n{hë¶m§Xm H$m¶m©~Ôc g{‘Vr
gmd©{ÌH$ {ZdS>UwH$m hmoD$Z n{hbr g§gX ApñVËdmV ¶oB©n¶©V 8) A{YH$manÌo g{‘Vr AëcmXr H¥$îUñdm‘r Aæ¶a

7
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^maVr¶ amÁ¶ì¶dñWm
R

DnyanadeeP
{‘i{dʶmgmR>r AcademY
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9) amÁ¶KQ>ZoÀ¶m Am{W©H$ Z{cZr a§OZ gaH$ma pñdH¥$V Ho$br Jobr ¶mda 284 gXñ¶m§Zr ñdmjè¶m Ho$ë¶m.
VaVwXt~m~V VÁk g{‘Vr  Á¶m{Xder KQ>Zm pñdH¥$V H$aʶmV Ambr (26 Zmoìh|~a
10) ^mfmdma àm§V g{‘Vr Eg.Ho$. Xma 1949) Voìhm gwadmVrg ‘yi àmñVm{dH$og{hV 22 ^mJ
11) d¥ÎmnÌ H$j g{‘Vr Cfm ZmW goZ 395 H$b‘o, d 8 AZwgyMtMm g‘mdoe hmoVm.
12) Supreme Court g§~§Yr Eg. daXmMmar
h§Jm‘r g{‘Vr KQ>ZoMm A§‘b
13) ZmJ[aH$Ëdmg§~§Yr g{‘Vr (Enforcement of the Constitution)

 ^maVr¶ amÁ¶KQ>Zm hr 26 OmZodmar 1950 amoOr A§‘bmV

‘gwXm g{‘Vr Ambr. (gXarb {Xdg {ZdS>ʶm‘mJMo ‘w»¶ H$maU
(Drafting Committee)
åhUOo ¶mM {Xder {S>g|~a 1929 À¶m H$m±J«ogÀ¶m bmhmoa
 S>m°. Am§~oS>H$am§À¶m AܶjVoImbr ñWmnZ H$aʶmV Amboë¶m A{YdoeZmVrb nyU© ñdamÁ¶ R>amdmZwgma 26 OmZodmar
¶m g{‘Vr‘ܶo Aܶjm§ghrV EHy$U 7 gXñ¶ hmoVo. ¶m 1930 hm {Xdg ^maVmMm àW‘ ñdmV§Í¶ {XZ åhUyZ gmOam
g{‘VrMr ñWmnZm 29 Am°JñQ> 1947 amoOr H$aʶmV Ambr. Ho$bm Jobm.)
g{‘Vr Imbrb à‘mUo :  na§Vw KQ>ZoÀ¶m H$b‘ 394 AZwgma amÁ¶KQ>Zo‘Yrb H$mhr
1) S>m°.~m~mgmho~ Am§~oS>H$a - Aܶj VaVwXr ¶m 26 Zmoìh|~a 1949 amoOr A§‘cmV AmUë¶m
2) EZ. Jmonmbñdm‘r A涧Jma Joë¶m hmo˶m.
3) AëbmXr H¥$îUmñdm‘r Aæ¶a CXm. (H$b‘ 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 60, 324, 366, 367,
4) gB©X Ah‘X gmXþëbmh 379, 380, 388, 391, 392 Am{U 393)
5) S>m°. Ho$.E‘.‘wÝer  g§{dYmZ g^oMo H$m‘H$mO EHy$U 166 {Xdg Mmbbo.Va
6) EZ.‘mYdamd (~r.Eb.{‘ËVa ¶m§Zr Amamo½¶mÀ¶m H$maUm‘wio  ‘gwXm g{‘VrMo H$m‘H$mO (Drafting Committee) 141
amOrZm‘m {Xë¶m H$maUm‘wio [a³V Pmboë¶m OmJr ¶m§Mr {Xdg Mmbbo.
{Z¶w³Vr Ho$br Jobr. )  KQ>Zm{Z{‘©Vr H$˶m©Zr OJ^amVrb 60 Xoem§À¶m amÁ¶KQ>Zm§Mm
7) Q>r. Q>r. H¥$îUmå‘mMmar (1948 {S>.nr.I¡VmZ ¶m§Mo 1948 {dMma H$éZ ^maVr¶ amÁ¶KQ>ZoMo A§{V‘ àmén, V¶ma Ho$bo.
bm {ZYZ Pmë¶mZ§Va [a³V Pmboë¶m OmJr.)
 ^maVr¶ KQ>ZoÀmm n{hcm ‘gwXm V¶ma H$éZ ’o$~«wdmar 1948
BVa ‘hÎdmMr ‘m{hVr
‘ܶo àH$m{eV H$aʶmV Ambm.  ‘gwXm ~Z{dʶmMo à‘wI (Chief Draftsman) - Eg.EZ.
 amÁ¶KQ>Zo‘ܶo gwYmaUm gwM{dʶmH$arVm ^maVr¶ OZVog
‘wIOu-KQ>Zm g{‘VrMo g{Md
AmR> ‘{hݶm§Mm H$mbmdYr {Xbm Jobm.  E. ìhr. Ama. A涧Jma
 ^maVr¶ amÁ¶KQ>ZoMm Xþgam ‘gwXm Am°³Q>m|~a 1948 ‘ܶo
V¶ma Ho$bm Jobm d gXarb ‘gwXm 24 Am°³Q>mo~a 1948‘ܶo
g§{dYmZ g^oÀ¶m Aܶjm§Zm gmXa Ho$bm Jobm. g§{dYmZ g^oda Q>rH$m
(Criticism of the Constituent Assembly)
KQ>ZoMr pñdH¥$Vr  à{V{ZYr ‘§S>i Zmhr (Not a Representative Body) -
(Enactment of the Constitution)
gXñ¶m§Mr {ZdS> ^maVmVrb OZVoZo WoQ> Ho$br Zmhr.
 amÁ¶KQ>ZoMm A§{V‘ ‘gwXm 4 Zmoìh|~a 1948 amoOr g§{dYmZ  gmd©^m¡‘ g§ñWm Zmhr (Not a Sovereign Body)- {~«Q>re
g^o‘ܶo ‘m§S>ʶmV Ambm Am{U VrZ doim ‘gwX¶mMo dmMZ gaH$maÀ¶m àñVmdm§Ûmao V¶ma Ho$br Jobr.
d ˶mda MMm© Ho$br Jobr.  doiImD$ (Time Consuming) - g§{dYmZ ~ZdʶmgmR>r
 ñdV§Ì ^maVmMr amÁ¶KQ>Zm 26 Zmoìh|~a 1949 amoOr KQ>Zm AdmOdr doi

8
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 H$m±J«ogMo dM©ñd. (Dominated by Congress) Notes

 dH$sb - amOH$maUr dM©ñd (Lawyer Politician
Domination) - g‘mOmVrb BVa KQ>H$ - nwaogo à{V{Z{YËd
Zmhr.
 qhXÿ§Mo dM©ñd. (Dominated by Hindus)

- ‘hÎdmÀ¶m Zm|Xr -
 g§{dYmZ g^oMo {MÝh - hÎmr
 g§{dYmZ g^oMo g{Md - Eg. EZ. ‘wIOu
 amÁ¶KQ>ZoMo AjaboIZH$ma - ào‘{~hmar Zmam¶U
am¶OmXm
 gwemo{^H$aU - Z§Xbmb ~mog, ~oAmoha am‘‘Zmoha {gÝhm
 qhXr Amd¥Îmr AjaboIZ - dg§V H¥$îUZ d¡Ú
***