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Closed-Loop Control System Guide

The document outlines the components of a closed-loop control system, which includes an input signal (w), a comparing element that calculates the error signal (e), a controller that generates a control signal (Yc), and an actuator that manipulates the plant (controlled system). It emphasizes the importance of feedback from measuring equipment to ensure the output (x) aligns with the desired input (w), while also addressing external disturbances (z). The primary purpose of the system is to minimize the error and maintain the desired state despite any changes or disturbances.

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134 views1 page

Closed-Loop Control System Guide

The document outlines the components of a closed-loop control system, which includes an input signal (w), a comparing element that calculates the error signal (e), a controller that generates a control signal (Yc), and an actuator that manipulates the plant (controlled system). It emphasizes the importance of feedback from measuring equipment to ensure the output (x) aligns with the desired input (w), while also addressing external disturbances (z). The primary purpose of the system is to minimize the error and maintain the desired state despite any changes or disturbances.

Uploaded by

evilmrmemes25
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

1.

Input Signal (w):

The input signal (desired value or setpoint) is represented as w . It is the target value for the system,
indicating the desired state or outcome.

2. Comparing Element: This element compares the desired value (w) with the feedback value (x)
from the output of the system.

The difference between these values, known as the error signal (e), is calculated:

e= w - x

3. Controller (Controlling Element):

The error signal (e) is passed to the controller, determining the necessary action to minimize the
error. The controller generates a control signal (Yc) based on the error and predefined control logic.

4. Actuator (Final Controlling Equipment):

The control signal (Yc) is used to drive the actuator, which manipulates the plant (process being
controlled). The actuator converts the control signal into a physical action, such as adjusting valves,
motors, etc.

5. Plant (Controlled System):

The plant represents the actual system or process being controlled. It produces the output () based
on the actuator's action. For example, the plant could be a motor, a temperature control system, or
any mechanical/electrical system.

6. Measuring Equipment:

The measuring equipment measures the plant's output () and provides feedback (x) to the comparing
element. Feedback ensures that the system self-corrects to maintain the desired state.

7. Disturbance (z):

External factors or disturbances (z) can affect the plant and alter the output. The closed-loop system
compensates for these disturbances by continuously monitoring and adjusting the output based on
the feedback.

Purpose of the Closed-Loop System: The main goal is to ensure that the actual output (x) matches
the desired input (w), regardless of disturbances or changes in the system. The system achieves this
by using feedback to minimize the error signal (e).

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