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PSAT™lO

Practice
Test# 2 t?
Make time to take the practice test.
It is one of the best ways to get ready
for the PSAT™10.
After you have taken the practice test, score it
right away at psat.org/p10-paper-practice.
This version of the PSAT 10 Practice Test is for students who will be taking
the digital PSAT 10 in nondigital format.

6VPL03
Test begins on the next page.
 Module
1

Reading and Writing

33 QUESTIONS

DIRECTIONS
The questions in this section address a number of important reading and writing skills. Each
question includes one or more passages, which may include a table or graph. Read each passage
and question carefully, and then choose the best answer to the question based on the passage(s).
All questions in this section are multiple-choice with four answer choices. Each question has a
single best answer.

......................................................................................................................................................................................................

1 3
Novelist Leon Forrest admired William Faulkner’s Economists often assert that countries looking to
writing style. Forrest’s novel Divine Days contains a increase their reliance on solar energy should expand
long passage in tribute to Faulkner that is a perfect their capacity for storage; having an ample reserve of
_______ of Faulkner’s style: anyone familiar with stored energy can mitigate the effects of _______
Faulkner’s writing would see the resemblance. solar energy collection caused by unpredictable shifts
in cloud cover and haze.
Which choice completes the text with the most
logical and precise word or phrase? Which choice completes the text with the most
logical and precise word or phrase?
A) forgetting
B) rejection A) developments of
C) imitation B) fluctuations in
D) opinion C) calibrations with
D) incentives for

2
Shoppers can help keep money cycling within a
community by making purchases at small local
businesses instead of large retailers. Some cities are
_______ programs to encourage this behavior,
establishing reward points and other incentives for
shopping at small businesses.
Which choice completes the text with the most
logical and precise word or phrase?
A) instituting
B) occupying
C) underestimating
D) encountering

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4 6
As discussed by scholar Anna Mladentseva, many Ordinary soap bubbles usually exist for a minute or
artworks produced in the mid-1990s to the early less before popping due to either a rupture forced by
2000s exclusively for exhibition on the internet, such gravity-induced drainage or the evaporation of the
as Sinae Kim’s Genesis (2001), have become liquid from which the bubble is composed. But
inaccessible because viewing them requires the use of physicist Aymeric Roux and colleagues discovered
_______ software (most notably Adobe Flash, ways to mitigate these factors, resulting in bubbles
discontinued in 2021). that can last for a year or more. For example, glycerol
tends to adhere to water molecules, so a bubble with
Which choice completes the text with the most
a shell that contains both water and glycerol is able to
logical and precise word or phrase?
draw additional water molecules from the
A) defunct surrounding air and thereby compensate for
B) arcane evaporation.
C) ubiquitous Which choice best states the purpose of the
underlined portion in the text as a whole?
D) extraneous
A) It describes the effects of a process devised by
researchers that increases the longevity of an
5 object discussed in the text.
The following text is from the 1989 novel The B) It details the circumstances that prompted the
Ancient Child by Kiowa writer N. Scott Momaday. research discussed in the text.
The main character has achieved tremendous C) It presents a reason why the phenomenon
commercial success as a painter. discussed in the text that the researchers wanted
More and more often he was asked to to avoid will inevitably occur.
compromise his art or himself in one way or D) It mentions a method discussed in the text that
another, and more often than not he did so, for researchers intend to test in future experiments.
he was inclined to be passive and naïve; it was
difficult for him to say no. Those who exhibited
his work, who praised and purchased it, and
who demanded its proliferation began to
determine it.
©1989 by N. Scott Momaday

As used in the text, what does the word “determine”

most nearly mean?
A) Conclude
B) Dictate
C) Evaluate
D) Select

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7 9
Generally it takes Tule geese about four days to A study by Dr. Paul Hanel and colleagues concluded
migrate south for the winter. From their summer that people are more likely to behave politely when
breeding grounds in Cook Inlet, Alaska, the birds listening to ideas they disagree with if they think
begin by flying over the Gulf of Alaska, keeping about values before they engage in a discussion.
about 100 miles from the Canadian shore. They Study participants were assigned to one of
pause to rest on the Pacific Ocean, then fly toward two groups. The experimental group spent a few
Summer Lake, Oregon, before finally arriving at their minutes writing about one of their personal values
winter destination of Sacramento Valley, California. before they had a group discussion on a controversial
In 2020, however, it took the geese over twice as long topic. And the control group spent a few minutes
to make their way from Cook Inlet to Sacramento writing about a drink (tea, milk, etc.) before their
Valley. According to researchers, the reason was group discussion on that topic. Hanel and colleagues
airborne pollutants. found that the experimental group’s discussion was
more civil than the control group’s discussion was.
Which choice best states the function of the
underlined portion in the text as a whole? Which choice best describes the main purpose of
the text?
A) It illustrates a change in Tule geese’s usual flight
behavior. A) To describe a widely held belief and how a
B) It suggests an explanation for why Tule geese study’s results support that belief
breed in Alaska. B) To argue that researchers were surprised by the
C) It describes part of the Tule geese’s typical winter results of a certain study
migration journey. C) To suggest ways to improve a certain study’s
D) It compares Tule geese to other birds that experimental design
migrate south for the winter. D) To explain a study’s conclusion and how a
research team arrived at that conclusion

8
In 1154, Muhammad al-Idrisi completed a collection
of maps of the lands known to medieval Arabic and
European scholars. This collection was titled
Al-Kitāb al-Rujārī (The Book of Roger), after the
Norman king Roger II who hired him to create it. To
create the collection, al-Idrisi consulted Arabic and
Greek maps and interviewed travelers about the
lands they visited. He included these travelers’ stories
alongside the map illustrations.
Which choice best states the main purpose of
the text?
A) To discuss the benefits of studying mapmaking
B) To explain how travelers created maps
C) To describe a collection of medieval maps and
how it was created
D) To compare medieval Arabic and Greek
mapmaking techniques

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10 12
In the 1960s, Chavela Vargas became an unlikely star In her 1998 book Blues Legacies and Black Feminism,
in ranchera, a style of traditional Mexican music. Angela Y. Davis bases her analysis in part on
Most ranchera singers had clear, polished voices and recordings of songs sung in the 1920s by Gertrude
performed with a full band. But Vargas accompanied “Ma” Rainey and Bessie Smith. Davis focuses on how
her raspy voice with just her guitar. Dressed in men’s Rainey and Smith improvised the lyrics—replacing
trousers and a poncho, she would perform classic the original lines with mischievous jokes and
songs that had been written from a male point of wordplay. Davis’s work was particularly labor
view and were usually sung by men. She also altered intensive because in order to transcribe, or write
those songs by performing them much more slowly down, the lyrics as Rainey and Smith sang them,
than other ranchera singers did. The slower tempo Davis had to listen repeatedly to the vinyl recordings,
allowed her to express the emotional quality of the which weren’t very clear.
lyrics more fully.
What does the text most strongly suggest about the
According to the text, what is one way that Vargas songs sung by Rainey and Smith?
differed from other ranchera singers?
A) The songs have grown in popularity since Rainey
A) She possessed a voice that was clear and and Smith first sang them.
polished. B) There were more recordings made of Rainey’s
B) She avoided singing songs written from a male songs than there were of Smith’s.
point of view. C) There were few, if any, reliable transcriptions of
C) She disliked performing classic songs. Smith’s and Rainey’s improvised lyrics when
D) She altered classic songs by slowing them down. Davis began her research.
D) According to Davis, the songs sung by Rainey
were more musically innovative than those sung
11 by Smith typically were.
Archaeologists have discovered a runestone in
Norway that may contain the earliest example of
13
written words in Scandinavia. Carbon dating at the
discovery site revealed that the stone was likely Happy House is a 1920 novel by Jane Abbott. The
carved between 1 and 250 CE. Runologist Kristel narrator presents a young woman as being
Zilmer believes the stone will be helpful in learning unimpressed with the house she is visiting: _______
more about the use of runic alphabets in early Iron
Which quotation from Happy House most effectively
Age Scandinavia.
illustrates the claim?
Which choice best states the main topic of the text?
A) “Her first feeling was of disappointment; in the
A) Battles of the Iron Age square lines of the house there was little claim to
B) A runestone found in Norway beauty.”
C) A new method for dating rock samples B) “Someone had opened one of the blinds so here
there was more light.”
D) The research interests of Kristel Zilmer
C) “The door, built squarely in the middle of the
house, opened almost directly upon a
stone-flagged path that led in a straight line to
the road.”
D) “She tip-toed through the hall and opened the
door on the right.”

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14 15
Ochre sea stars live in tidal pools along the shoreline Employment in Technology in
of the Pacific Ocean. At night, they move to higher Hawaii in 2010 and 2019
shore levels in search of prey. But scientists Corey

Approximate number of jobs

7
Garza and Carlos Robles noticed that ochre sea stars
stayed at lower levels at night after heavy rains. Garza 6

(in thousands)
and Robles hypothesized that a layer of fresh water 5
formed by rainfall was a barrier to the sea stars. To 4
test their hypothesis, the scientists did an 3
experiment. They placed some sea stars in a
2
climbable tank of seawater and other sea stars in a
similar tank of seawater with a layer of fresh water on 1
top. Then, the scientists watched the sea stars’ 0
2010 2019
behavior at night.
Year
Which finding from the experiment, if true, would
most directly support Garza and Robles’s hypothesis? engineering services
A) None of the sea stars climbed to the tops of the technical consulting services
tanks, but sea stars in the tank with only computer services
seawater moved around the bottom of the tank
more than sea stars in the other tank did.
A student in Hawaii is interested in pursuing a career
B) Sea stars in the tank with only seawater climbed in technology and decides to do some research on
to the top of the tank, but sea stars in the other local trends. The student notices that the number of
tank stopped climbing just below the layer of jobs in computer services in 2010 was _______
fresh water.
Which choice most effectively uses data from the
C) Both groups of sea stars climbed to the tops of graph to complete the statement?
the tanks, but sea stars in the tank with only
seawater climbed more slowly than sea stars in A) higher than the number of jobs in technical
the other tank did. consulting services, and in 2019 was about the
D) Sea stars in the tank with only seawater mostly same as the number of jobs in engineering
stayed near the bottom of the tank, but sea stars services.
in the other tank climbed into the layer of fresh B) about the same as the number of jobs in
water. engineering services, and in 2019 was about the
same as the number of jobs in technical
consulting services.
C) lower than the number of jobs in engineering
services, but in 2019 was higher than the number
of jobs in engineering services.
D) about the same as the number of jobs in
technical consulting services, but in 2019 was
lower than the number of jobs in technical
consulting services.

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 Which choice best describes data in the graph that

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16
support the researchers’ conclusion?
Humility Scores for Participants’
Scenario Responses A) None of the three groups’ average humility
(higher values = more humility)

scores exceeded 3.5.

3.5
Average humility score

3.0 B) The managers in the control group exhibited

only slightly less humility on average than the
2.5
managers in the two experimental groups did.
2.0
C) The managers who reflected on a past mistake
1.5 that resulted in learning exhibited more humility
1.0 on average than the managers in the other
0.5 two groups did.
0 D) All three groups exhibited less humility on
ng ng l
rn
i ni ntro average than the researchers expected.
ea ar co
h l t le
wi
t ou
k e ith
ist
a ew
ak
m ist
m

group

Jia Hu and colleagues hypothesized that workplace

leaders who reflect on lessons learned from past
mistakes are likely to exhibit more humility than
leaders who don’t engage in such reflection. To test
this, the team placed 301 managers in one of
three groups. Participants in two experimental
groups were asked to reflect on a mistake, one group
focusing on a mistake that resulted in learning and
the other group focusing on a mistake that didn’t
result in learning. Participants in a control group
were asked to reflect on their daily routine. All the
participants then described how they would respond
to a workplace scenario. After evaluating the
responses for evidence of humility, the researchers
concluded that their hypothesis was correct.

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17 18
If an animal has been extinct for a long time, how Silicon-based photovoltaic cells account for 95% of
can scientists learn what color it was? One group of the cells used in solar panels worldwide despite
scientists came up with a possible answer. When the converting an average of only 18–22% of the sunlight
scientists examined the fossilized feather of an that reaches them. In a study addressing this relative
extinct bird, they found melanosomes in it. inefficiency, a team led by Laura Miranda-Pérez
Melanosomes produce pigment, or grains of color, demonstrated that the addition of a thin layer of the
inside cells. Because melanosomes are shaped mineral perovskite—which captures the blue range of
differently depending on which colors they produce, light in the solar spectrum, whereas silicon captures
the scientists hypothesized that they could _______ the red range—allows the cells to convert 29.5% or
Which choice most logically completes the text? more of the Sun’s energy into usable electricity. Cells
made with only perovskite, however, are no more
A) show how melanosomes can be found in fossils efficient than silicon-based ones. It’s reasonable to
belonging to animals from other extinct species. conclude, then, that _______
B) determine the colors of the bird based on the Which choice most logically completes the text?
appearance of the melanosomes in the feather.
A) photovoltaic cells with both silicon and
C) explain why the melanosomes in the feather were
perovskite are more efficient because they make
so well preserved.
use of more of the solar spectrum.
D) identify the colors of extinct animals whose
B) photovoltaic cells with only perovskite and no
fossils lack melanosomes.
silicon would likely convert more than 29.5% of
the Sun’s energy.
C) solar power will remain elusive until
photovoltaic cells are replaced with a more
practical technology.
D) researchers need to evaluate whether other
minerals like perovskite are as effective as
perovskite seems to be.

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19 21
In 1953, a fellow performer tripped on legendary jazz To illustrate Albert Einstein’s special theory of
musician Dizzy Gillespie’s trumpet, bending its bell relativity, picture two jugglers: one juggling on a
upward. When Gillespie tested the damaged steadily moving parade float, the other juggling while
instrument, he realized that he _______ sound of a standing still on a sidewalk. The laws of physics are
bent bell over that of a straight one. identical for both _______ motion relative to each
other. But what, Einstein wondered, about the speed
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms
of light?
to the conventions of Standard English?
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms
A) preferred; the
to the conventions of Standard English?
B) preferred the
A) jugglers’, regardless of they’re
C) preferred, the
B) jugglers, regardless of there
D) preferred. The
C) juggler’s, regardless of their
D) jugglers, regardless of their
20
From 1912 to 1951, Charlotta Bass owned and
22
operated the newspaper The California Eagle.
While it was under Bass’s leadership, The Eagle Horsepower is a unit of measurement used to
_______ one of the US’s most influential determine how much power a vehicle produces. The
Black‑owned newspapers. measurement is based on how much and how
quickly weight can be _______ one unit of
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms
mechanical horsepower is equivalent to the amount
to the conventions of Standard English?
of power it takes to lift 550 pounds one foot off the
A) will become ground in one second.
B) became Which choice completes the text so that it conforms
C) is becoming to the conventions of Standard English?
D) to become A) moved, for example,
B) moved,
C) moved; for example,
D) moved

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23 25
Solarpunk is an art movement that imagines The relationship between genomes and epigenomes
renewable energy-powered technology infused reveals how cells with identical DNA develop
complementarily into nature. In Paolo Bacigalupi’s different _______ whereas the genome in each cell
solarpunk short story “Efficiency,” an artificial contains a complete DNA sequence, the epigenome
intelligence that absorbs sustainable energies, consists of chemical compounds that determine
redistributing them through intricate networks of which traits in the sequence will be expressed.
weights and generators, _______ Chicago’s energy
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms
grid.
to the conventions of Standard English?
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms
A) functions
to the conventions of Standard English?
B) functions,
A) have been powering
C) functions and,
B) power
D) functions:
C) powers
D) are powering
26
In order to create the Global Positioning System
24
(GPS), scientists had to develop an accurate
Butterfly is a 1988 painting by the Japanese artist mathematical model of Earth’s shape that accounted
Ay-O. Like many of Ay-O’s paintings, Butterfly, for various forces, such as tides. _______ it was
which portrays a swimmer performing the butterfly mathematician Gladys West who wrote the computer
stroke, attempts to make use of the entire visual light program that could perform these necessary
_______ sporting rainbow-striped goggles, the calculations.
rainbow-hued swimmer splashes through a wavy
Which choice completes the text with the most
rainbow of water.
logical transition?
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms
A) Ultimately,
to the conventions of Standard English?
B) In other words,
A) spectrum
C) Secondly,
B) spectrum:
D) In addition,
C) spectrum while
D) spectrum, while

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27 29
In 1942, the 1,500-mile Alaska Highway was Observing that a fire in a closed container soon went
constructed in under nine months, largely due to the out, leading eighteenth-century scientists did not
skilled work of nearly 4,000 African American conclude that fresh air (specifically, oxygen) is
soldiers from US Army engineering regiments. The necessary for combustion; instead, many theorized
soldiers’ contribution was overlooked for decades. that the container’s air had become saturated with a
_______ in 2017, lawmakers declared October 25 a substance called phlogiston. _______ when Joseph
day of recognition—“Alaska Highway Day”—for the Priestley first isolated oxygen gas in 1774, he termed
troops who helped build this critical roadway. it “dephlogisticated air.”
Which choice completes the text with the most Which choice completes the text with the most
logical transition? logical transition?
A) Lastly, A) In other words,
B) Then, B) For this reason,
C) Similarly, C) Alternatively,
D) For example, D) Nevertheless,

28
The Coastal Futures Conservatory in Virginia is
known for creating aural representations of
ecological data. One such effort combines
underwater audio recorded in seagrass beds with
data that track rising carbon levels in the seagrass. As
carbon levels increase, the audio is correspondingly
distorted; _______ listeners can “hear” the changes
in the carbon levels.
Which choice completes the text with the most
logical transition?
A) furthermore,
B) by comparison,
C) for instance,
D) thus,

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30 31
While researching a topic, a student has taken the While researching a topic, a student has taken the
following notes: following notes:
• Komodo dragons are the largest lizards in the • Pointillism is a painting technique in which small,
world. distinct dots of color are applied in patterns to
form an image.
• They live on four islands in Komodo National
Park, Indonesia. • Betty Acquah is an artist from Ghana who uses
pointillism in her work.
• The park has a total of twenty-nine islands.
• “By extending dabs of color in the subject matter
The student wants to emphasize how many islands in
into the background and vice-versa, an illusion of
Komodo National Park have Komodo dragons living
movement is created,” she says about pointillism.
on them. Which choice most effectively uses relevant
information from the notes to accomplish this goal? • Her work often portrays Ghanaian women, whom
she sees as the “unsung heroines of the Ghanaian
A) Komodo dragons, the world’s largest lizards, live
Republic.”
on islands in Komodo National Park, Indonesia.
B) The largest lizards in the world are found in • Her pointillist painting “Exquisite” (2016) features
Komodo National Park. five dancing women twirling their skirts.

C) Only four of the twenty-nine islands in Komodo The student wants to provide a quotation from
National Park have Komodo dragons living on Acquah that explains why she used pointillism in
them. “Exquisite.” Which choice most effectively uses
relevant information from the notes to accomplish
D) There are twenty-nine islands in Indonesia’s
this goal?
Komodo National Park.
A) In painting “Exquisite,” Acquah applied
pointillism to create what she called an “illusion
of movement” within the painting’s five dancing
women and their twirling skirts.
B) Pointillism, the technique used in Acquah’s
“Exquisite,” involves the application of small,
distinct dots of color.
C) In “Exquisite,” Acquah uses a technique that she
says involves “extending dabs of color in the
subject matter into the background and
vice-versa.”
D) “Exquisite” portrays Acquah’s fellow Ghanaian
women as she sees them: the “unsung heroes of
the Ghanaian Republic.”

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 32 33

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While researching a topic, a student has taken the While researching a topic, a student has taken the
following notes: following notes:
• The Ramayana is a Sanskrit epic poem from • Marcela Guerrero is a curator at the Whitney
ancient India. Museum of American Art in New York.
• In The Ramayana, the character Kaikeyi is often • She curated the Whitney’s 2018 exhibition Pacha,
portrayed as a villain. Llaqta, Wasichay: Indigenous Space, Modern
Architecture, New Art.
• Kaikeyi is a 2022 novel by Vaishnavi Patel.
• This exhibition featured works by seven emerging
• The novel is a retelling of the epic poem from
Latino artists.
Kaikeyi’s point of view.
• She curated the Whitney’s 2020 exhibition Vida
• It often portrays Kaikeyi as heroic.
Americana: Mexican Muralists Remake American
The student wants to emphasize whose point of view Art, 1925–1945.
the novel is told from. Which choice most effectively
• This exhibition included nearly 200 works by
uses relevant information from the notes to
twentieth-century Latino and Mexican artists.
accomplish this goal?
The student wants to describe the exhibition that
A) From the point of view of The Ramayana, the
Guerrero curated in 2018. Which choice most
character Kaikeyi is often a villain.
effectively uses relevant information from the notes
B) Vaishnavi Patel often portrays the character as to accomplish this goal?
heroic.
A) Held at the Whitney Museum of American Art,
C) Kaikeyi is a retelling of The Ramayana from the the exhibition Vida Americana: Mexican
character Kaikeyi’s point of view. Muralists Remake American Art, 1925–1945
D) The Ramayana is an epic poem that features the included nearly 200 works by twentieth-century
character Kaikeyi. Mexican and Latino artists.
B) Pacha, Llaqta, Wasichay: Indigenous Space,
Modern Architecture, New Art, an exhibition at
the Whitney Museum of American Art, featured
works by seven emerging Latino artists.
C) In both 2018 and 2020, Marcela Guerrero
curated exhibitions at the Whitney Museum of
American Art in New York.
D) While one exhibition that Marcela Guerrero
curated featured works by emerging artists,
another included works by twentieth-century
artists.

STOP
If you finish before time is called, you may check your work on this module only.
Do not turn to any other module in the test.

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 Module
2

Reading and Writing

33 QUESTIONS

DIRECTIONS
The questions in this section address a number of important reading and writing skills. Each
question includes one or more passages, which may include a table or graph. Read each passage
and question carefully, and then choose the best answer to the question based on the passage(s).
All questions in this section are multiple-choice with four answer choices. Each question has a
single best answer.

......................................................................................................................................................................................................

1 2
A unique dialect, or regional variety, of Spanish is The Menominee and Anishinaabe peoples have
spoken in Puerto Rico. It contains many words been growing wild rice—known as manoomin in
borrowed from the language of the Taínos, the the Ojibwe language—in the Great Lakes region of
Indigenous people of Puerto Rico. African languages North America for centuries, but climatic changes
also made important contributions to the Puerto are causing lakes to get deeper, thereby threatening
Rican dialect. For example, the way certain vowel wild rice. These plants are extremely _______ to
sounds are pronounced in it can be _______ to how water depth during the “floating leaf” stage of
they are pronounced in Yoruba, a West African development, and if the water is too deep, the
language. buoyancy of the young wild-rice plants can literally
uproot them from the lake bottom, destroying them.
Which choice completes the text with the most
logical and precise word or phrase? Which choice completes the text with the most
logical and precise word or phrase?
A) traced
B) surrendered A) immune
C) announced B) sensitive
D) offered C) limited
D) receptive

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3 5
The invention in 1958 of the integrated circuit (or Economist Jingting Fan argues that the effects of
microchip) radically altered the semiconductor international trade may display spatial variation at
industry. In fact, some historians argue that it sub-national levels. For instance, imported goods
fundamentally _______ the industry by enabling it may reduce expenses for a country’s average
to take advantage of mass production methods for consumer, but for consumers living far from ports,
the first time. high intranational transport costs could _______ the
price advantages associated with imports.
Which choice completes the text with the most
logical and precise word or phrase? Which choice completes the text with the most
logical and precise word or phrase?
A) overwhelmed
B) bypassed A) nullify
C) obstructed B) denigrate
D) transformed C) underestimate
D) misconstrue

4
6
The early British postal system required the cost of
mail delivery to be paid upon receipt, a system which The following text is from the 1895 poem
encouraged inventive strategies by the intended “Marshlands” by Emily Pauline Johnson, a
recipient to avoid payment. To improve this system, Kanienkahagen (Mohawk) writer also known as
_______ were proposed in 1837, including the use of Tekahionwake.
a postage stamp, a small receipt pasted to the mail
Among the wild rice in the still lagoon,
indicating that delivery costs had been paid by the
In monotone the lizard shrills his tune.
sender.
The wild goose, homing, seeks a sheltering,
Which choice completes the text with the most Where rushes grow, and oozing lichens cling.
logical and precise word or phrase? Late cranes with heavy wing, and lazy flight,
Sail up the silence with the nearing night.
A) investigations
And like a spirit, swathed in some soft veil,
B) expansions Steals twilight and its shadows o’er the swale.
C) reforms Hushed lie the sedges, and the vapours creep,
Thick, grey and humid, while the marshes sleep.
D) possessions
Which choice best describes the overall structure of
the text?
A) It names animal species found in a place, then
names plant species there.
B) It sketches a setting by presenting a series of
images of nature.
C) It makes an extended comparison of nature to
human emotions.
D) It identifies a location, then refers to a person
living there.

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7 8
The following text is from Annie Dillard’s 1987 Asteroid 6478 Gault has experienced intermittent
autobiographical novel An American Childhood. The mass loss since at least 2013, but in contrast to some
narrator is a young girl living in Pittsburgh. other asteroids with repeated mass-loss episodes,
6478 Gault has not lost mass at its perihelion (the
I walked. My mother had given me the freedom
closest point of its orbit to the Sun), and thus the
of the streets as soon as I could say our telephone
loss is not attributable to solar energy–driven ice
number. I walked and memorized the
vaporization. And as Jane X. Luu et al. point out, the
neighborhood. I made a mental map and located
singular nature of impact ejection makes it untenable
myself upon it. At night in bed I rehearsed the
as an account of multiple loss episodes of similar
small world’s scheme and set challenges: Find
duration over several years. Instead, Luu et al. are
the store using backyards only. Imagine a route
likely correct that 6478 Gault is shedding mass due to
from the school to my friend’s house.
rotational instability.
©1987 by Annie Dillard
Which choice best describes the overall structure of
Which choice best describes the function of the
the text?
underlined portion in the text as a whole?
A) It presents a scientific observation, describes a
A) It describes the narrator trying to memorize her
contrast between that observation and other
telephone number.
observations, and then explains why those other
B) It provides examples of what the narrator thinks observations should not be considered credible.
about at night.
B) It describes an astronomical finding, discusses
C) It gives directions to the narrator’s favorite local competing theories about that finding that the
store. author regards as flawed, and then describes new
D) It portrays the narrator’s relationship with her evidence that supports an alternative theory.
mother. C) It introduces a natural phenomenon, refutes
two potential explanations for that phenomenon,
and then presents a third explanation for that
phenomenon that the author regards as
plausible.
D) It discusses a physical process, evaluates possible
causes of that process, and then states that a
persuasive account of the process has yet to be
put forward.

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 Based on the texts, how would the author of Text 1

...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
9
most likely respond to the study findings mentioned
Text 1 in Text 2?
Mycoprotein is a fungal biomass that can be eaten as
an alternative to meat. Studies of the environmental A) By emphasizing that since agricultural water
impact of its manufacture generally agree it is lower consumption would remain static in the event of
than that of beef and closer to that of chicken or replacing beef consumption with mycoprotein
pork. But the expense of producing mycoprotein consumption, an effort must be made to
restricts its availability to a few countries with substitute mycoprotein for chicken and pork in
postindustrial economies. Knowing that cost diets as well
reductions would expand access to mycoprotein, B) By asserting that the development of a more
biochemists are exploring solutions, such as a inexpensive substrate for mycoprotein
cheaper substrate to feed the mycoprotein as it production would contribute to the goal of
grows. decreasing worldwide deforestation over time
Text 2 C) By noting that most people would be more likely
Cattle farming is a principal cause of global to use mycoprotein as a substitute for chicken or
deforestation, and a study by Florian Humpenöder pork in their diets than as a substitute for beef
and his colleagues found that replacing 20% of beef
D) By pointing out that some countries are
consumption worldwide with consumption of
responsible for greater deforestation than others
mycoprotein would cut deforestation by half if
and thus, to have any significant effect on the
accomplished over the next thirty years. However,
environment, will have to replace more than
this would likely involve only a small change in
20% of their beef consumption with
agricultural water consumption, since water once
mycoprotein
dedicated to raising cattle would be diverted to
raising crops instead.

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10 11
When fashion designer Lloyd Henri Kiva New The following text is from Anton Chekhov’s 1898
opened his store in Scottsdale, Arizona, in 1945, he short story “Ionitch” (translated by Marian Fell in
quickly became known for creating delicately crafted 1915). The text is set in a Russian city referred to as
leather goods, like belts and hats. He was perhaps the city of S.
most renowned for his colorful handbags, which he
If newcomers to the little provincial city of S.
made by hand using a long and painstaking process.
complained that life there was monotonous and
As he gained more customers, New began using
dull, its inhabitants would answer that, on the
sewing machines and other tools to help him
contrary, S. was a very amusing place, indeed,
produce bags more efficiently, though he continued
that it had a library and a club, that balls were
to handcraft the crucial details that made each bag
given there, and finally, that very pleasant
unique.
families lived there with whom one might
Based on the text, what would have been the most become acquainted. And they always pointed to
likely consequence if New had not begun using the Turkins as the most accomplished and most
sewing machines? enlightened family of all.
A) He would have been unable to ensure that each What does the text suggest about the Turkins?
bag included unique, handcrafted details.
A) They are relative newcomers to the city of S.
B) He would have struggled to meet the increasing
B) They have a unique status in the city of S.
demand for his bags.
C) They have long disliked living in the city of S.
C) He would have had to individually design each
bag he produced. D) They are amused by the other residents of the
city of S.
D) He would not have been able to generate as
much interest in his bags.

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12
The following text is from Milan Kundera’s 1984
novel The Unbearable Lightness of Being (translated
by Michael Henry Heim in 1984). Karenin is a dog
that belongs to Tomas and Tereza.
Karenin was not overjoyed by the move to
Switzerland [from Prague]. Karenin hated
change. Dog time cannot be plotted along a
straight line; it does not move on and on, from
one thing to the next. It moves in a circle like the
hands of a clock, which—they, too, unwilling to
dash madly ahead—turn round and round the
face, day in and day out following the same path.
In Prague, when Tomas and Tereza bought a
new chair or moved a flower pot, Karenin would
look on in displeasure. It disturbed his sense of
time. It was as though they were trying to dupe
the hands of the clock by changing the numbers
on its face.
©1984 by Milan Kundera. Translation
©1984 by Harper & Row, Publishers, Inc.

Which choice best states the main idea of the text?

A) As a dog, Karenin possesses a sense of time that
involves a strong preference for predictability
and an aversion to disruption.
B) After he’s moved to a new home, Karenin’s
negative response to changes has become more
pronounced.
C) Similar to Tomas and Tereza, Karenin
comprehends time as circular rather than as a
straightforward progression.
D) As is the case for other dogs, Karenin’s sense of
time seems to accelerate depending on the
objects and places that surround him.

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 13
Incorporated and Unincorporated Self-Employment Rates
in Four Occupational Fields, 2015
Incorporated self- Unincorporated self-
Occupational field employment rate employment rate
Construction and
4.4% 14.8%
resource extraction
Installation, maintenance,
2.7% 6.2%
and repair
Management, business, and
8.9% 9.7%
financial services
Sales and related 5.8% 7.8%

Self-employed workers—individuals who are not employees of other

individuals or businesses but instead earn their income as business
owners, independent contractors, or freelance workers—make up an
important part of the US labor force. In order to receive legal and tax
benefits enjoyed by corporations, self-employed individuals may
choose to incorporate their business. A 2015 survey of incorporated
and unincorporated self-employment rates in four occupational fields
showed that the highest incorporated self-employment rate occurred
among people working in _______
Which choice most effectively uses data from the table to complete the
text?
A) sales and related occupations.
B) installation, maintenance, and repair occupations.
C) construction and resource extraction occupations.
D) management, business, and financial services occupations.

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14
There Is Confusion is a 1924 novel by Jessie Redmon
Fauset. In the novel, the narrator portrays the
character Joanna as someone who admires ambition
in other people to the exclusion of all other qualities:
_______
Which quotation from There Is Confusion most
effectively illustrates the claim?
A) “Joanna was mightily interested in people who
had a ‘purpose’ in life. Otherwise not at all.”
B) “Indeed from the very beginning Joanna showed
her preference for her father.”
C) “Joanna was like her father not only so far as
ambition was concerned but also in her
willingness to work.”
D) “She had a good sense of logic, a strong power of
concentration, and a remarkably retentive and
visualizing memory.”

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 Which choice most effectively uses data from the

...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
15
graph to complete the text?
Mean Ticket Prices Chosen in Two Studies
of Participative Pricing Messaging A) the students tended to value the concert tickets
more highly than did the more age-diverse group
80
recruited online, but when considering what
Mean chosen price ($)

70
they could afford to pay, the students tended to
60 choose a lower price than did the other group.
50
40 B) in all three messaging conditions, the group of
participants recruited online tended to choose
30
lower prices than did the students, but both
20
groups tended to choose prices closest to the
10 actual cost of the tickets when prompted to
0 consider the tickets’ value.
1 2
Study C) the students tended to value the concert tickets
more highly than did the more age-diverse group
pay what you can recruited online, but both groups tended to
choose a higher price when considering the value
pay what you think it’s worth
of the tickets than when considering what they
pay what you want could afford or wanted to pay.
D) within each group of participants, there was wide
Participative pricing, in which purchasers choose the variation in the value that individuals assigned to
prices they pay for products, can enable sellers to the concert tickets, but the students tended to
capitalize on the heterogeneous values consumers assign a higher value to the tickets than did the
assign to the same goods and services, but doing so more age-diverse group recruited online.
requires careful messaging. Annie Peng Cui and
Jennifer Wiggins recruited 171 participants (ages
18–60) online for an initial study and 83 students
(ages 18–31) at a state university for a second study
to test the effect of three different messages—“pay
what you can,” “pay what you think it’s worth,” and
“pay what you want”—on how much participants
would pay for concert tickets. Their results illustrate
both the heterogeneity of consumer valuations and
how sellers can benefit by prompting consumers to
consider their own valuations: _______

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16 17
Initially observed in 2017, the interstellar object A main goal of the Association for the Advancement
‘Oumuamua is the first object of its kind to be seen in of Creative Musicians (AACM), an arts organization
our solar system. Researchers have been puzzled founded in 1965, is to advance new works by Black
because its acceleration cannot be entirely explained musicians. The AACM achieves this goal in part by
by the gravitational pull of nearby bodies: there must focusing on young artists. By having established
be a nongravitational influence on its velocity and musicians and composers serve as mentors, the
trajectory. Some previously suggested explanations AACM gives young artists the benefits of expert
for this nongravitational acceleration involve technical training and creative guidance. Numerous
mechanisms that are unlikely or unrealistic, such as organizations offer similar kinds of support to new
geometric effects from ‘Oumuamua being potentially generations of painters, writers, and other artists,
composed of several spatially separated bodies. Now, suggesting that _______
Jennifer Bergner and colleagues propose that the
Which choice most logically completes the text?
nongravitational acceleration is due to the gaseous
expulsion of entrapped hydrogen from ‘Oumuamua’s A) artists of all ages benefit more from technical
water-rich icy body. training than from creative guidance.
Which statement, if true, would most strongly B) many arts organizations recognize the
support the claim made by Bergner and colleagues importance of providing opportunities for young
about the cause of ‘Oumuamua’s acceleration? artists to learn from experienced mentors.
A) Existing proposed models of outgassing from C) most established artists could become even
‘Oumuamua include the direct conversion of better artists by serving as mentors.
nitrogen or carbon monoxide from a solid to a D) finding a mentor is more important for
gaseous state without becoming liquid, but these musicians than it is for painters, writers, and
models have theoretical or observational other types of artists.
inconsistencies.
B) ‘Oumuamua’s trajectory is inconsistent with a
nongravitational acceleration that would be
caused by the release of hydrogen gas resulting
from the processing of water ice (H2O), but the
interstellar object’s observable properties can be
explained if it has a significant component of
molecular hydrogen ice (H2).
C) Since nongravitational accelerations of
interstellar objects are several orders of
magnitude weaker than gravitational
accelerations, deviation from behavior that could
be fully attributed to gravitational pull has been
detected on a limited number of objects similar
to ‘Oumuamua.
D) Exposure to interstellar cosmic radiation can
result in the formation of embedded pockets of
hydrogen gas in water ice; moreover, when
traveling through the solar system, ‘Oumuamua
experienced warming sufficient to alter its icy
structure and allow for outgassing.

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18 19
Overgrazing by purple sea urchins has caused many What is the correct pronunciation of Kiribati? In the
kelp forests along North America’s west coast to be Gilbertese language spoken by residents of the island
replaced by urchin barrens—areas stripped of nation, the letter combination -ti makes the -s sound;
vegetation and covered in purple sea urchins. as a result, the country’s name _______ pronounced
Urchins in barrens persist in a state of starvation “Kiribas.”
that lessens their nutritional value—and thus
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms
their appeal—to many predators. Sarah Gravem
to the conventions of Standard English?
and colleagues placed sunflower sea stars, a
once-abundant predator species suffering massive A) are
population declines in recent years, in aquariums B) have been
that each contained a nutritionally poor and a
nutritionally rich purple sea urchin. The researchers C) are being
found that the sea stars selected the nutritionally rich D) is
urchin in 42.7% of trials and the nutritionally poor
urchin in 37.5% of trials, suggesting that _______
20
Which choice most logically completes the text?
Light of Truth is a bronze and marble sculpture by
A) sunflower sea stars are willing to hunt sea artist Richard Hunt. It honors civil rights icon Ida B.
urchins, but if given a choice, they will prey on Wells. The sculpture _______ in a tree-lined plaza in
other more nutritious marine animals instead. Chicago, just a few blocks from where Wells lived.
B) sunflower sea stars are reluctant to feed on both
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms
nutritionally poor and nutritionally rich sea
to the conventions of Standard English?
urchins and are therefore unlikely to thrive in
kelp forests. A) are standing
C) sunflower sea stars are less likely to consume sea B) have been standing
urchins in barrens than other species of sea stars C) stands
are, putting sunflower sea stars at a high risk of
extinction. D) were standing
D) sunflower sea stars do not always avoid foraging
on nutritionally poor sea urchins, making 21
sunflower sea star population recovery a
potentially important tool for controlling urchin The short story “Rogue Enchantments” by Isabel
barrens. Iban˜ez appears in Reclaim the _______ anthology of
fantasy and science fiction written by authors of
Latin American descent.
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms
to the conventions of Standard English?
A) Stars. An
B) Stars, while an
C) Stars an
D) Stars, an

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22 24
Novelist Jane Austen greatly admired the work of It can take time for proposed amendments to the
Fanny Burney, a popular English author. In fact, US Constitution to become law. For example, the
scholars believe that a passage from the last chapter Twenty-Second Amendment, which limits the
of Cecilia, a 1782 novel by Burney, likely inspired the number of _______ can serve, was first proposed
title of one of _______ Pride and Prejudice. in 1947 but wasn’t approved by the required
three-fourths majority of state legislatures until 1951.
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms
to the conventions of Standard English? Which choice completes the text so that it conforms
to the conventions of Standard English?
A) Austen’s most famous novels,
B) Austens’ most famous novels’, A) terms presidents
C) Austens most famous novels, B) term’s presidents
D) Austen’s most famous novel’s, C) term’s president’s
D) terms president’s

23
25
Customers who are satisfied with how a company
resolves a service issue may regard that company Tortoises can be found in many works of literature.
more positively than they would if no such issue had For example, in Tom Stoppard’s 1993 play Arcadia,
occurred. This idea is known as the service recovery there is a tortoise that _______ by two names
_______ research suggests that it has important (Plautus and Lightning) and appears in both of the
implications for customer loyalty and retention. play’s parallel timelines. As a character, the tortoise
symbolizes the connection between the past and
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms
present.
to the conventions of Standard English?
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms
A) paradox,
to the conventions of Standard English?
B) paradox
A) goes
C) paradox, and
B) will have gone
D) paradox and,
C) went
D) had gone

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26 28
By analyzing the level of radioactive decay within a Paleontologists once thought that early apes lived in
fossil specimen, scientists can establish the age of tropical forests, but recent research suggests that they
that fossil with a high degree of precision. When may have actually lived in savannas. Tropical forests
radioactive elements aren’t present, scientists turn are humid and have many trees spaced close
to _______ analysis of Earth’s sediment layers together. _______ savannas are drier, and their trees
(strata)—to estimate how old a fossil is based on the are spaced further apart.
age of the strata in which the fossil is found.
Which choice completes the text with the most
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms logical transition?
to the conventions of Standard English?
A) For instance,
A) stratigraphy—the B) In comparison,
B) stratigraphy (the C) Firstly,
C) stratigraphy: the D) In conclusion,
D) stratigraphy, the

29
27
When sculptor Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi was
In modern plays, actors typically won’t acknowledge designing the Statue of Liberty, he sought the advice
the _______ do so breaks the fourth wall, a of engineer Gustave Eiffel. Eiffel suggested that he
metaphorical barrier between actors and audiences make the statue’s arm thick and position it straight
that allows viewers to suspend the knowledge that above the figure’s head. _______ Bartholdi decided
they’re watching a staged performance. to slim the arm and tilt it out at an angle.
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms Which choice completes the text with the most
to the conventions of Standard English? logical transition?
A) audience. As to A) Additionally,
B) audience to B) Instead,
C) audience. To C) Thus,
D) audience, to D) For example,

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30 31
While researching a topic, a student has taken the While researching a topic, a student has taken the
following notes: following notes:
• Some atoms contain an excess of neutrons. • Some animals have evolved to physically resemble
another animal, plant, or object.
• Often, these neutrons form a “skin” on the atom’s
surface. • This is known as mimicry.
• An atom of lead-208 has a neutron skin. • Crab spiders mimic the appearance of flowers.
• The thickness of its neutron skin is approximately • This helps crab spiders ambush their prey.
0.28 trillionths of a millimeter.
• Katydids mimic the appearance of leaves.
The student wants to emphasize the thickness of
• This helps katydids hide from their predators.
lead-208’s neutron skin. Which choice most
effectively uses relevant information from the notes The student wants to emphasize a difference in how
to accomplish this goal? katydids and crab spiders use mimicry. Which choice
most effectively uses relevant information from the
A) The neutron skin surrounding an atom of notes to accomplish this goal?
lead-208 measures about 0.28 trillionths of a
millimeter. A) Katydids mimic the appearance of flowers, and
B) Atoms with excess neutrons will often acquire a crab spiders mimic that of leaves.
neutron skin. B) Katydids and crab spiders are two examples of
C) An atom of lead-208, like some other atoms, is animals that use mimicry.
surrounded by a neutron skin. C) Unlike crab spiders, which use mimicry to
D) Neutrons surround the surface of an atom of ambush prey, katydids use mimicry to hide from
lead-208. predators.
D) Animals that use mimicry have evolved to
resemble another animal, plant, or object.

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32 33
While researching a topic, a student has taken the While researching a topic, a student has taken the
following notes: following notes:
• Here I Have Returned is a sculpture by Egyptian • A sestina is a thirty-nine-line poetic form.
American artist Sherin Guirguis.
• Each line of the poem ends with one of six end
• It is a large, curved strip of wood inspired by the words, which alternate according to a set pattern.
shape of a sistrum.
• “Forage Sestina” is a sestina by Marilyn Hacker.
• A sistrum is a curved musical instrument played
• Its end words are words, structure, wire, beam,
by ancient Egyptian priestesses in ceremonies.
wall, and room.
• Guirguis says that the sculpture symbolizes
• “Towards Autumn” is a sestina by Marilyn
“women who have lifted and supported Egyptian
Hacker.
society and culture.”
• Its end words are daughter, friend, bread, mother,
• Overall, Guirguis wants her works to “engage
lover, and myself.
audiences in a dialogue about power, agency, and
social transformation.” The student wants to use one of the poems to
illustrate the sestina form. Which choice most
The student wants to use a quotation from Guirguis
effectively uses relevant information from the notes
to explain what the sculpture represents. Which
to accomplish this goal?
choice most effectively uses relevant information
from the notes to accomplish this goal? A) Hacker employs the sestina, a poetic form with
thirty-nine lines and six end words, in both
A) Guirguis, whose works include a sculpture that is
“Forage Sestina” and “Towards Autumn.”
a large, curved strip of wood, has explained that
she wants her work to create a dialogue with B) As a sestina, “Towards Autumn” contains
audiences. thirty-nine lines and six end words—in this case,
daughter, friend, bread, mother, lover, and
B) Inspired by the sistrum played by Egyptian
myself—that alternate in a set pattern.
priestesses, Here I Have Returned symbolizes
“women who have lifted and supported Egyptian C) The thirty-nine-line sestina form uses the words
society and culture,” according to Guirguis. daughter, friend, bread, mother, lover, and myself,
which are found in the poem “Forage Sestina.”
C) According to Guirguis, the curved strip of wood
used in Here I Have Returned was inspired by the D) Hacker has used the sestina form multiple times,
sistrum, a musical instrument played by ancient as in “Towards Autumn,” which contains these
Egyptian priestesses in ceremonies. six words: words, structure, wire, beam, wall, and
room.
D) Guirguis, the sculptor of Here I Have Returned,
wants her works to “engage audiences in a
dialogue about power, agency, and social
transformation.”

STOP
If you finish before time is called, you may check your work on this module only.
Do not turn to any other module in the test.

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No Test Material On This Page
 Module
1

Math
27 QUESTIONS

DIRECTIONS
The questions in this section address a number of important math skills.
Use of a calculator is permitted for all questions.

,a-nH
NOTES

Unless otherwise indicated:

• All variables and expressions represent real numbers.
• Figures provided are drawn to scale.
• All figures lie in a plane.
• The domain of a given function f is the set of all real numbers x for which f(x)
is a real number.

li04ii1Ut31
REFERENCE

G
£
CJw b~ ~x 0 '~
45°
b a x--../3 s
A =nr 2 A= Rw A =_!bh c2 = a2 + b2 Special Right Triangles
2
C=2nr

62h £
V= Rwh
E}
V= nr 2 h
@
V = i,.r3
4
V=½nr 2 h
£
1
V = 3 £wh
3

The number of degrees of arc in a circle is 360.

The number of radians of arc in a circle is 2n.
The sum of the measures in degrees of the angles of a triangle is 180.

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 Module
1

For multiple-choice questions, solve each problem, choose the correct

answer from the choices provided, and then circle your answer in this book.
Circle only one answer for each question. If you change your mind, completely
erase the circle. You will not get credit for questions with more than one
answer circled, or for questions with no answers circled.

For student-produced response questions, solve each problem and write

your answer next to or under the question in the test book as described below.

• Once you've written your answer, circle it clearly. You will not receive credit
for anything written outside the circle, or for any questions with more than
one circled answer.
• If you find more than one correct answer, write and circle only one answer.
• Your answer can be up to 5 characters for a positive answer and up to
6 characters (including the negative sign) for a negative answer, but no more.
• If your answer is a fraction that is too long (over 5 characters for positive,
6 characters for negative), write the decimal equivalent.
• If your answer is a decimal that is too long (over 5 characters for positive,
6 characters for negative), truncate it or round at the fourth digit.
• If your answer is a mixed number (such as 3.!. ), write it as an improper
fraction (7/2) or its decimal equivalent (3.5). 2
• Don't include symbols such as a percent sign, comma, or dollar sign in
your circled answer.

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1 4
x + 45 = 48 A contract for a certain service requires a onetime
activation cost of $35 and a monthly cost of $23 .
What is the positive solution to the given equation?
Which equation represents this situation, where c is
A) 3 the total cost, in dollars, of this service contract for
B) 48 t months?
C) 93 t
A) c = + 35
D) 96 23
t
B) c = + 23
35

C) c = 23t + 35

D) c = 35t + 23
2
x=4
y = 5−x
The solution to the given system of equations is
(x, y). What is the value of y ?
A) 1
5
B) 4
C) 5 The function f is defined by f (x) = 3x − 8. What is
D) 9 the value of f (7) ?
A) 29
B) 13
C) −5
D) −29

3
A mixture consisting of only vitamin D and calcium
has a total mass of 150 grams. The mass of vitamin D
in the mixture is 50 grams. What is the mass, in
grams, of calcium in the mixture?
A) 200
B) 150
C) 100
D) 50

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6 8
A geologist needs to collect at least 67 samples of lava
from a volcano. If the geologist has already collected
63 samples from the volcano, what is the minimum
number of additional samples the geologist needs to
collect?
A) 130
B) 63
C) 4
D) 0

The y-intercept of the graph shown is (x, y). What is

the value of y ?
9
Each of 157 gemstones can be classified as one of
three classifications, as shown in the frequency table.

Classification Frequency
color X 119
color Y 3
7
color Z 35
8x − 7x + 130 = 260
What value of x is the solution to the given If one of the gemstones is selected at random, what is
equation? the probability of selecting a gemstone of color Y?
3
A)
157
35
B)
157
119
C)
157
154
D)
157

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10 12

P(t ) = 24.8(1.036)t
The function P gives the predicted population, in
millions, of a certain country for the period from
1984 to 2018, where t is the number of years after
1984. According to the model, what is the best
interpretation of the statement “P(8) is
approximately equal to 32.91”?
A) In 1984, the predicted population of this country
was approximately 8 million.
B) In 1984, the predicted population of this country
was approximately 32.91 million.
C) 8 years after 1984, the predicted population of
The shaded region shown represents the solutions to this country was approximately 32.91 million.
which inequality?
D) 32.91 years after 1984, the predicted population
2 of this country was approximately 8 million.
A) y ≥ x − 6
3
2
B) y ≥ x+6
3
2
C) y ≥ x−9
3
2 13
D) y ≥ x+9
3 A right circular cylinder has a volume of 377 cubic
centimeters. The area of the base of the cylinder is
13 square centimeters. What is the height, in
centimeters, of the cylinder?

11
In triangle ABC , AB = 4,680 millimeters (mm) and
BC = 4,680 mm. Which statement is sufficient to
prove that triangle ABC is equilateral? 14
The list gives the mass, in grams, of 5 alpine
A) AC = 4,680 mm
marmots.
B) AC = 468 mm
4,010; 4,010; 3,030; 4,050; 3,050
C) AC = 46.8 mm
What is the mean mass, in grams, of these 5 alpine
D) AC = 4.68 mm
marmots?

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15 17
x=3 A circle has a radius of 43 meters. What is the area, in
y = (15 − x)2 square meters, of the circle?
43π
A solution to the given system of equations is (x, y). A)
What is the value of xy ? 2

A) 432 B) 43π
B) 54
C) 45 C) 86π
D) 18
D) 1,849π

16

18
An object has a mass of 168 grams and a volume of
24 cubic centimeters. What is the density, in grams
per cubic centimeter, of the object?
A) 7
B) 144
C) 192
D) 4,032

What is the value of cos A in the triangle shown?

42
A)
41
41
B)
42
1
C)
42
1
D)
41

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19 21
A company has a newsletter. In January 2018, there
were 1,300 customers subscribed to the newsletter.
For the next 24 months after January 2018, the total
number of customers subscribed to the newsletter
each month was 7% greater than the total number
subscribed the previous month. Which equation
gives the total number of customers, c, subscribed to
the company’s newsletter m months after
January 2018, where m ≤ 24 ?

A) c = 1,300(0.07)m
B) c = 1,300(1.07)m
In the figure, RT = TU , the measure of angle VST
C) c = 1,300(1.7)m is 29° , and the measure of angle RVS is 41° . What is
D) c = 1,300(7)m the value of x ?

20 22
−12x + 14y = 36
−6x + 7y = −18
How many solutions does the given system of
equations have?
A) Exactly one
B) Exactly two
C) Infinitely many
D) Zero

The scatterplot shows the relationship between

two variables, x and y. A line of best fit is also
shown. For how many of the 11 data points does the
line of best fit predict a greater y-value than the
actual y-value?

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23 25
The expression 0.35x represents the result of
decreasing a positive quantity x by what percent?
A) 3.5%
B) 35%
C) 6.5%
D) 65%

24 The graph shows a linear relationship between x

and y. Which equation represents this relationship,
Objects R and S each travel at a constant speed. where R is a positive constant?
The speed of object R is half the speed of object S.
Object R travels a distance of 4x inches in y seconds. A) Rx + 18y = 36
Which expression represents the time, in seconds, it B) Rx − 18y = −36
takes object S to travel a distance of 24x inches?
C) 18x + Ry = 36
A) 12y D) 18x − Ry = −36
B) 3y
C) 16y
D) 6y

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26 27
A sample of a certain alloy has a total mass The product of two positive integers is 462. If the
of 50.0 grams and is 50.0% silicon by mass. The first integer is 5 greater than twice the second integer,
sample was created by combining two pieces of what is the smaller of the two integers?
different alloys. The first piece was 30.0% silicon by
mass and the second piece was 80.0% silicon by
mass. What was the mass, in grams, of the silicon in
the second piece?
A) 9.0
B) 16.0
C) 20.0
D) 30.0

STOP
If you finish before time is called, you may check your work on this module only.
Do not turn to any other module in the test.

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No Test Material On This Page
 Module
2

Math
27 QUESTIONS

DIRECTIONS
The questions in this section address a number of important math skills.
Use of a calculator is permitted for all questions.

,a-nH
NOTES

Unless otherwise indicated:

• All variables and expressions represent real numbers.
• Figures provided are drawn to scale.
• All figures lie in a plane.
• The domain of a given function f is the set of all real numbers x for which f(x)
is a real number.

li04ii1Ut31
REFERENCE

G
£
CJw
~ b
b~
a
~x 0

x--../3
'~
45°
s
A =nr 2 A= Rw A =_!bh c2 = a2 + b2 Special Right Triangles
2
C=2nr

62h £
V= Rwh
E}
V= nr 2 h
@
V = i,.r3
4
V=½nr 2 h
£
1
V = 3 £wh
3

The number of degrees of arc in a circle is 360.

The number of radians of arc in a circle is 2n.
The sum of the measures in degrees of the angles of a triangle is 180.

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 Module
2

For multiple-choice questions, solve each problem, choose the correct

answer from the choices provided, and then circle your answer in this book.
Circle only one answer for each question. If you change your mind, completely
erase the circle. You will not get credit for questions with more than one
answer circled, or for questions with no answers circled.

For student-produced response questions, solve each problem and write

your answer next to or under the question in the test book as described below.

• Once you've written your answer, circle it clearly. You will not receive credit
for anything written outside the circle, or for any questions with more than
one circled answer.
• If you find more than one correct answer, write and circle only one answer.
• Your answer can be up to 5 characters for a positive answer and up to
6 characters (including the negative sign) for a negative answer, but no more.
• If your answer is a fraction that is too long (over 5 characters for positive,
6 characters for negative), write the decimal equivalent.
• If your answer is a decimal that is too long (over 5 characters for positive,
6 characters for negative), truncate it or round at the fourth digit.
• If your answer is a mixed number (such as 3.!. ), write it as an improper
fraction (7/2) or its decimal equivalent (3.5). 2
• Don't include symbols such as a percent sign, comma, or dollar sign in
your circled answer.

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 ...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
1 2
The bar graph shows the distribution of the number
of walnuts per container for 20 containers at a
grocery store.

The line graph shows the probability of snow, as a

How many of these containers of walnuts contain percent, at a certain location for each day during a
exactly 78 walnuts? four-day period. According to the line graph, for
which day during this four-day period is the
A) 2 probability of snow 30%?
B) 7 A) Tuesday
C) 20 B) Wednesday
D) 78 C) Thursday
D) Friday

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3 4

In the figure, two lines intersect at a point. If

w = 136 , what is the value of z ?
A) 36
B) 44
The graph of a system of a linear equation and a C) 68
nonlinear equation is shown. What is the solution D) 136
(x , y ) to this system?
A) (6, 0)
B) (−2, 6)
C) (0, −2)
D) (0, 0)
5

Which expression is equivalent to 19(x 2 − 7) ?

A) 19x 2 − 133
B) 19x 2 − 26
C) 19x 2 − 7
D) 19x 2 + 12

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6 8
The scatterplot shows the relationship between
two variables, x and y.

The parabola shown intersects the y-axis at the point

(x , y). What is the value of y ?
Which equation is the most appropriate linear model
for this relationship?
A) y = −0.9x − 2.2
B) y = −0.9x + 2.2
C) y = −0.9x
7 D) y = 0.9x + 2.2
If 2x + 3 = 9, what is the value of 6x − 1 ?

9
x
d = 16 −
30
The equation shown gives the estimated amount of
diesel d, in gallons, that remains in the gas tank of a
truck after being driven x miles, where 0 ≤ x ≤ 480.
What is the estimated amount of diesel, in gallons,
that remains in the gas tank of the truck when
x = 300 ?
A) 0
B) 6
C) 14
D) 16

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10 12
g (x) = 11x + 4 The function f is defined by f (x ) = 4x −1. What is
For the given linear function g, which table shows the value of f (21) ?
three values of x and their corresponding values
of g (x) ? A) −84

A) x g(x) 1
B)
–1 7 84
0 11 4
1 15 C)
21
B) x g (x) 21
D)
–1 –4 4
0 0
1 4

C) x g (x)
–1 –7
0 4
1 15
13
D) x g (x) The area of a rectangle is 57 square inches. The
–1 –11 length of the longest side of the rectangle is
0 0 19 inches. What is the length, in inches, of the
1 11 shortest side of this rectangle?

11 14
The pressure exerted on a scuba diver at sea level is How many yards are equivalent to 77 rods?
14.70 pounds per square inch (psi). For each foot the (5.5 yards = 1 rod)
scuba diver descends below sea level, the pressure
exerted on the scuba diver increases by 0.44 psi.
What is the total pressure, in psi, exerted on the
scuba diver at 105 feet below sea level?
A) 60.90
B) 31.50
C) 14.70
D) 0.44

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15 17

x 2 − 12x + 27 = 0
How many distinct real solutions does the given
equation have?
A) Exactly two
B) Exactly one
C) Zero
D) Infinitely many

The graph gives the estimated population y, in

thousands, of a town x years since 2003, where
16
0 ≤ x ≤ 5. Which of the following best describes the
For the linear function g, the graph of y = g (x) in increase in the estimated population from x = 0
the xy-plane has a slope of 2 and passes through the to x = 1 ?
point (1, 14). Which equation defines g ? A) The estimated population at x = 1 is 0.5 times
the estimated population at x = 0 .
A) g (x) = 2x
B) The estimated population at x = 1 is 1.5 times
B) g (x) = 2x + 2 the estimated population at x = 0 .
C) g (x) = 2x + 12 C) The estimated population at x = 1 is 2.5 times
D) g (x) = 2x + 14 the estimated population at x = 0 .
D) The estimated population at x = 1 is 3.5 times
the estimated population at x = 0 .

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18 20
In March, the price of a collectible card was $15.50.
In April, the price of the collectible card was $17.36.
The price of the collectible card in April was p% of
the price of the collectible card in March. What is the
value of p ?
A) 12
B) 88
C) 112
D) 188

Line j is shown in the xy-plane. Line k (not shown)

is parallel to line j. What is the slope of line k ?

19
x = 8a(b + 9)
The given equation relates the positive numbers a, b,
and x. Which equation correctly expresses a in
terms of b and x ?
21
x
A) a = − (b + 9) A line segment that has a length of 115 centimeters
8 (cm) is divided into three parts. One part is 47 cm
x long. The other two parts have lengths that are equal
B) a = to each other. What is the length, in cm, of one of the
8(b + 9) other two parts of equal length?
8(b + 9)
C) a =
x

D) a = 8x(b + 9)

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22 24

p(x) + 57 = x 2 y = 576(2x +2)

The given equation relates the value of x and its The graph of the given equation in the xy-plane has
corresponding value of p(x ) for the function p. What a y-intercept of (r , s). Which of the following
is the minimum value of the function p ? equivalent equations displays the value of s as a
A) −3,249 constant, a coefficient, or the base?
B) −57
A) y = 331,776(x +1)
C) 57
D) 3,249
B) y = 24(4x +4)

1
C) y = (24)(4x +5)
24
1
D) y = (576)(2x +3)
576
23

x y
–18 –48
7 52

The table shows two values of x and their 25

1
If k − x is a factor of the expression −x 2 + nk 2,
corresponding values of y. In the xy-plane, the graph 29
where n and k are constants and k > 0, what is the
of the linear equation representing this relationship
value of n ?
⎛1 ⎞
passes through the point ⎜⎜ , a⎟⎟. What is the value
⎜⎝ 7 ⎟⎠
A) −29
of a ?
1
4 B) −
A) − 29
11
1
4 C)
B) − 29
77
4 D) 29
C)
7
172
D)
7

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26 27
5(x + 7) = 15(x − 17)(x + 7)
What is the sum of the solutions to the given
equation?

In the figure, LQ intersects MP at point R, and LM

is parallel to PQ . The lengths of MR, LR, and RP are
6, 7, and 11, respectively. What is the length of LQ ?
119
A)
11
77
B)
6
113
C)
6
119
D)
6

STOP
If you finish before time is called, you may check your work on this module only.
Do not turn to any other module in the test.

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No Test Material On This Page
No Test Material On This Page
No Test Material On This Page
No Test Material On This Page
GENERAL DIRECTIONS
• You may work on only one module at a time.
• If you finish a module before time is called, check your work on that module only.
You may NOT turn to any other module.

TIMING
Reading and Writing, Module 1: 39 minutes
Reading and Writing, Module 2: 39 minutes
10-minute break
Math, Module 1: 43 minutes
Math, Module 2: 43 minutes
The above are standard times. If you are approved for accommodations involving
additional time, you should give yourself that time when you practice.

MARKING YOUR ANSWERS

• Be sure to answer your questions properly in this book.
• Circle only one answer to each question. If you change your mind, completely
erase the circle. You will not get credit for questions with more than one answer
circled, or for questions with no answers circled.

USING YOUR TEST BOOK

• You may use the test book for scratch work.
• You may not fold or remove pages or portions of a page from this book,
or take the book from the testing room.

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