PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION SSCT – College of Nursing

ND
2 Semester | Finals

PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION
Communication is made for numerous purposes.  relies heavily on sound proof and
The way messages are crafted depends highly on reasoning. The nature of proof has been
the intention of the sender. studies since the Golden Age of Greece
In a supermarket, a sales agent makes sure that and has been improved through time.
the way a product is promoted gels consumers According to Aristotle, logos, ethos, and
buying. A news anchor delivers information in pathos are the three primary forms of
such a way that all the facts are clearly stated proof.
doing away with words that may cause confusion.  In our time, whoever, many scholars have
On the other hand, criminal lawyer must design confirmed the presence of a fourth
his arguments supported by facts to convince the dimension of proof, mythos, which
judge al suggests that we respond to appeals to
the traditions and values of our culture and
Informative Communication to the legends and folktales that embody
 Involves giving than asking. As an informative them.
communicator, you want your receivers to  Lucas (2007) claims that to avoid
pay attention and understand, but not to defective argumentation, the following
change their behavior. By sharing must be avoided:
information, ignorance is reduced, or better 1. Defective evidence
yet, eliminated. The informative value of a  Misuse of facts
message is measured by how novel and  Statistical fallacies
relevant the information is or the kind of  Defective testimony
understanding it provides the receivers.  Inappropriate evidence
Michael Osborn (2009) purports that informative 2. Defective Patterns of reasoning
communication arises out of three deep impulses:  Evidential fallacies
a. We seek to expand our awareness of the a. Slippery slope
world around us b. Confusing facts with opinion
b. We seek to become more competent c. Red herring
c. We have an abiding curiosity about how d. Myth of the mean
things work and they are made  Flawed proofs
When preparing for an informative exchange, ask  Defective arguments
yourself the following questions:
1. Is my topic noteworthy to be considered
informative? Public Speaking
2. What do my recipients already know about Do these statements apply to you?
my topic? 1. I am excited at the thought of speaking in
3. What more do they have to know? public
4. Am I knowledgeable enough of the topic to 2. I see myself speaking in public often in the
help my receivers understand it? future
Persuasive Communication 3. I think I can be a very good speaker
 is an art of gaining fair and favorable 4. The thought of public speaking terrifies me
considerations for our point of view. It 5. I would avoid speaking in public as much as I
a. provides a choice among options can
b. advocates something through a speaker 6. No amount of practice can make me a better
c. uses supporting material to justify advice speaker
d. turns the audience into agents of change
e. asks for strong audience commitment Items 1,2 and 4,5 determine your public
f. gives importance to the speaker’s speaking anxiety. If you answered items 1 and
credibility 2 with a yes, you probably have a low anxiety,
g. appeals to feelings if you answered items 4 and 5 with a yes, you
h. has higher ethical obligation most probably have a high public speaking
anxiety, Items 3 and 6 determine your attitude
toward public speaking. If you answered item
Argumentative Communication 3 with a yes, you have a growth mindset. If
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PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION
you answered item 6 with a yes, you have a Extemporaneous speaking may have a short or
closed mindset. a long preparation. The speaker may use an
outline to guide him through his speech to
Do you agree or disagree? achieve better organization and to avoid leaving
1. “Your ability to communicate with others out details, But unlike reading, extemporaneous
will account for fully 85% of your success speaking necessitates the speaker to formulate
in your business and in your life” – Brian his sentences while he is speaking.
Tracy Extemporaneous is a method that most lecturers
2. “Ninety percent of how well the talk will go and teachers use. A good extemporaneous
is determined before the speaker steps on speaker must be spontaneous.
the platform.” – Somers White Impromptu means speaking at the spur of the
3. “Only the prepared speaker deserves to moment. Since there is very minimal or no time
be confident.” – Dale Carnegie for preparation given for impromptu, the content
4. “Courage is resistance to fear, mastery of and organization mat suffer. Impromptu may not
fear – not absence of fear” – Mark Twain deliver the best thought in the best way but it
(re-evaluate your answers after reading brings out the most natural thing to say at the
engagement) moment.

Public speaking is a process of speaking in a

structured, deliberate manner to inform, influence
or entertain an audience. Making Inquiries
Speech is the term used to refer to the body You probably texted or called people to obtain
spoken expressions of information and ideas. A information you needed several times already.
speech may be delivered in any of the following Did you get the information you needed? Did you
modes: read from a manuscript, memorized and use the same language and tone in all your
delivered extemporaneous or impromptu. The queries through phone calls and text messages?
choice of mode of speech delivery is determined You might have also received queries via text
by factors such as length of preparation, messages, conversations, and phone calls. Were
complexity of message, purpose, and occasion. there times when you felt the language or the
Reading from a Manuscript is appropriate when tone of the caller or message sender was
the speech is long and when details are inappropriate? Were you able to provide the
complicated and essential such as that they need information sought satisfactorily?
to be given completely. Reading is also Both obtaining and giving information are a part of
appropriate when one is asked to deliver a our daily activities. Information provide individuals
prepared speech on behalf of another speaker. basis for actions, plans, and decisions. An
Reading may pose the least challenge in public individual's skill in finding information helps hi
speaking but the speaker may be tricked into save time and make well-informed decisions, and
thinking that no preparation is needed. When a actions.
message is delivered through reading, the force, Likewise, giving information effectively is of great
naturalness, and eye contact may be diminished help to others,
because the eyes have to travel from page to the
audience and vice versa. An inquiry letter is written when a person needs
Memorized speech requires a speaker to commit more information about prods services,
everything to memory. This method is excellent internships, scholarships, or job vacancies offered
for short messages although it is also used for by companies, association or individuals. Often,
long pieces in oratorical, declamation and other inquiry letters are sent when a person has
literary contests. Just like a read speech, a specific questions are not addressed by the
memorized speech also poses challenge in general information available provided by
naturalness. The worst experience one could brochures, webs advertisements, classified ads,
have in delivering a memorized speech is to etc.
forget the lines and fail to shift smoothly to  An inquiry may also be in the form of telephone or
another mode of delivery. personal interview.
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PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION
Depending on the immediacy and specificity of  More frequently used now in inquiry are
the need, one of these modes si prove more emails. Emails gained popularity because of
responsive to your need speed and convenience.
Both interview and letter require correct and  Generally, email messages are less formal
appropriate language use. B require correctness, than letters, although there are stir
conciseness, clarity of language, and courtesy. expectations for appropriate and effective
While letters required correctness of spelling, email communication. The formality is
punctuations, capitalizations, indentions, margins, determined by the sender's familiarity and
etc., intent require clarity of words, correct relationship to the receiver, the classification
pronunciation, intonation and pauses, and objective of the message to be sent, and
spontaneous pleasing personality, and other factors that shape the context of
confidence communication. In academic emails, for
Content and Organization of Letter of Inquiry example, it is more appropriate to sound
Just like any business letter, letter of inquiry has formal and professional. The use of “wanna,
the following basic parts. gonna”, and abbreviations such as "tnx" and
A. Heading or Letterhead gbu, and emoticons is inappropriate. In other
B. Inside address informal contexts, however, abbreviations and
C. Salutation emoticons may be effective. In academic and
D. Body of the letter. other more formal emails, correctness and
other qualities that apply to business letters
should be observed.
First Paragraph: It provides a background of For more effective email communications
your inquiry such as how, where and when you (and also letters), remember the following:
first learned of the information. State your 1. Be courteous. Courtesy does not only mean
purpose in one or two sentences. greeting, thanking, or using polite expressions. It
Middle Paragraph: This section should specify also means considering the feelings of the
the information you are seeking. receiver, thus, the writer needs to use the
Final Paragraph: Express your expectation from appropriate or positive tone.
your addressee and thank him in advance for his 2. Keep messages as concise and clear as
favorable action. possible.
E. Complimentary close 3. Proofread and spellcheck before sending.
F. Signature 4. Provide a short but descriptive subject line. The
Format subject line will help the receiver readily identify
 The format of an inquiry letter follows any of the content type and the urgency of the message.
the following most commonly used formats: 5. Although some parts of the email are optional,
pure block, semi-block or modified block. it is enabling to know all the other parts.
 The format below illustrates the basic Below is the list of all the parts of an email.
business letter content using the pure block The style may vary depending on the system
you use.
From: Jaylou J. Jose
Sent: 26 May, 9:10AM
To: Aaron C. Jacinto
CC. Maggy J. Jaime Bec: Luz D. Cruz Subject:
Scholarship availability inquiry
Attachment: Form 137
Salutation: Dear Mr. Jose
Body of the letter
Closing: Sincerely yours,
Name (email signature)

Emails
The parts of the emails are explained below:
From: Name of person sending the email
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Sent. Date and time skills, and experiences in creating your effective
To: Name of person receiving the email advertisement.
CC: Other person receiving the message RESUME
Bcc: Another person receiving the email without  is a persuasive summary of your qualifications
the other recipient knowing for employment. If you are in the job market,
Subject: Content (title) of the email having a resume makes you look well
organized and prepared to your prospective
Attachment: Document sent separately, not
employers. Together with this text is an
included in the email (but attached)
application letter or a cover letter that
Salutation: Greeting or opening introduces you to these employers. Writing
Body of the email: message these two texts may also serve as an ego-
Closing: ending building experience: the person who looks so
Name/signature of the sender: name and title good on paper is you! When you send both to
(Below the name of the sender, the following your prospect employers, you are making an
information may be included: company and argument for why those employers should
address, telephone number, URL or website want to meet you or even hire you, Moreover,
address and social media link writing a resume and application letter is
Interview writing an advertisement selling your skills,
- is a special type of purposive conversation. talents, and abilities to the employers who will
Interviews are classified into information. likely sift through many applications to decide
whom to grant an interview.
- Interview requires real time for both the
Thus, resumes and application letters require a
interviewee and interviewer. level of care that few other documents do.
- Whatever your specific purpose is, it is always Types of Resume
advantageous to consider the following tips in 1. Print résumés are printed on paper for
conducting an interview. prospective employers to scrutinize. They are
Before the interview designed to emphasize key information using
1. Remember that if you are seeking for bold or italic typeface
information from people (e.g. interview for 2. Scannable résumés are designed to be read
research), you are asking them a favor; thus by computers; hence, they are to be formatted
make appointments with your interviewee at their using single typeface or without italics or bold.
most convenient time.
2. Prepare the list of questions.
During the interview
1. Be punctual.
2. Wear appropriate attire.
4. Observe good manners.
5. Speak clearly and be attentive
6. If you have follow-up questions, ask politely.
Ask the interviewee to validate your notes.
7. Allow the interviewee sufficient time to answer.
8. Rephrase questions to clarity vague points.
9. Acknowledge answers of the interviewee to
assure him of your attention.
10. Graciously thank the interviewee for his time

Communication for Employment: The Resume

 In writing resume, you start by doing an inward

assessment of yourself and by asking the
questions, "How can I encourage the employer
to pay attention to my resume? and What kind of
resume should I use? These questions may be
your starting point in fitting your qualifications,
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PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION
*Organized inventory records" rather than
organized inventory records." For print resume,
use action verbs (organized, designed, etc...)
rather than nouns (organizer, designer etc...) to
emphasize your accomplishments. For scannable
resume, use nouns rather than verbs as key
words.
3. Comprehensiveness
- A resume must present all important details that
can gain the nod of the prospective employer. In
giving details, however, carefully choose the
words that you use. You may use the exact words
in the advertisement provided that they really
reflect your experiences or qualifications. Check
all the information you provided - from the contact
information down the references. Make sure that
all information are reflected correctly and that
those whom you placed in the references know
that you placed them as sources of information
for your employment before sending the resume.
4. Design
The resume should be reader-friendly and be
professionally packaged. For print resume, use
appropriate spacing, section headings, and
uniform typeface for each headings. Scannable
resume, on the other hand, shall only have one
standard typeface.
2. Making the Resume
a. Choose one job advertisement related to your
field and make a print resume for that position.
b. Use the first activity done in engaging,
Personal SWOT analysis, and analyzing
accomplishments as your guide in determining
what skills, talents, qualifications and other
C. Features of a Resume information you could include.
1. Organization c. Create also a scannable version of the print
- There are different ways on how you can resume.
organize your resume dept on your goals, d. Before passing your resume for assessment,
experiences and qualifications. You can organize evaluate it using the following:
a is chronologically, functionally, or targeted. Visual Impact
a. Chronological resume is the general listing of • Does the text visually fill the page?
all your academic and" experience from the most  Is your name easy to read (large font,
recent to the oldest. surrounded by white space)?
b. Functional resume is organized around  Are the headings and text easy to skim (bold,
various kinds of experience. If you to demonstrate rather than underlined or full caps; bullet
a lot of experience in more than one area and if points)?
you No downplay dates. you may write this type Specific Supporting Details
of resume. • Does a Summary of Qualifications or Keywords
C Targeted resume generally announces the highlight your skills and knowledge?
specific goal up to top, your name, and offers  Do recent, relevant, substantive details show
information selectively. You can show only the that you are qualified for the job?
experience and skills relevant to your goal.  Do details interest the reader and set you apart
2. Succinctness from other applicants?
- A resume must be concise. Entries may not be  Are details quantifiable when they help?
written in sentences but should be parallel. For
instance,
Style and Mechanics
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 Are duties and accomplishments listed in parallel 1. Qualifications
structure? In an application letter, you need to make clear
 Does the text omit the word I why you're interested in the position or the
 Is the writing tight and forceful? organization, to indicate what skills you possess
 Are jobs listed in reverse chronological order that matches what the company is looking for or
(starting with the most recent)? to stipulate why the person you're writing to
 1f there is a second page, does it contain your should at least want to meet you.
name and Page 2?
 Is the resume free from typos and other errors? 2. Pleasing Tone
LESSON 8 When writing application, you need to go beyond
Communication for Employment: simply stating your accomplishments. Through
The Application Letter your words, you need to demonstrate that you will
Having no experience in the job or position be the kind of employee the organization wants.
identified in the advertisements may be dreadful Presentation is also important- your letter should
or frustrating for an applicant. Even though you be neat and error.
do not have those experiences, you would be 3. Format
able to get the job if you develop your personal Application letter typically follows a prescribed
brand which you will be articulating not only in format, which is a conventional businesslike
your resume and inters lay but also in your format. The most common is the block format
application letter. shown in the examples. It includes the writer's
A. What is an Application Letter? address, the date, the recipient's name and
Your application letter is generally the first thing address. a salutation. the message, a closing,
your prospective employers will see, and it should and a signature.
motivate them to read your resume It provides a C. Guidelines for Writing an Application Letter
positive impression since it contains your claims 1. Focus
that you have the qualifications they are looking Application letter is not personal and should not
for. be chatty. Keep it focused: when you're applying
An application letter serves as a formal for a position, include only information relevant to
introduction of yourself to your prospective the position. Don't make your audience wade
employer. It goes with your resume, so you don't through irrelevant side issues
have to give much information. It does, however, 2. Stay on topic
have to make favorable impression so you can State the reason for the letter. Unlike essays,
get an interview. This is achieved through how which develop a thesis over several paragraphs,
the letter is written and presented or emails. which announce their topic in a subject
line. letters need to explicitly introduce their
reason for being written, usually in the first
paragraph. When you're applying for something,
say so in the first sentence *I am writing to apply
for the FASIN Scholarship for students majoring
in accountancy.
3. Think of your letter as an argument
When you're asking for a job, you're making an
ARGUMENT. You're making a claim - that you're
qualified for a certain position - and you need to
support your claim with reasons and evidence,
Franchesca Morales, for example, dies his
education and his work experience and he offers
to supply references who will support das
application
4. Choose an appropriate salutation
If you know the person's name and title, use it:
"Dear Attorney Lin. you don't know the person's
title, one good solution is to address him a By first
and last name: "Dear Jean Chavez." It, as
sometimes happen, must sane to an unknown
B. Features of an Application Letter reader, use "Dear Sir or Madam." Another o might
be to omit the salutation completely in such
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situations and instead subject line, for example:  Do details show that you can go beyond the
"Subject: Public Relations Internship Application basics to contribute company?
Whenever possible, though, write to a specific •Do details separate you from other applicants?
person; call the organization and ask whom to Style and Mechanics
write to. Once you've had an interview, write to • Is the writing smooth, tight, and forceful?
interviewer. •Does the text avoid using I at the beginning of
5. Proofread every paragraph?
Few writing situations demand greater perfection • Does the text use you attitude and positive
than professing emphasis?
letters especially application letters. Employers • Is the letter tree from typos and other errors?
receive dozens, some hundreds, of applications, Format and Visual Impact
and often can't look at them all. Typos, grammar • Does the letter use a standard letter format?
errors, and other forms of sloppiness prejudice • Is the page visually attractive, with a good mix of
readers against application they're likely to think paragraphs lengths?
that if this applicant can't take the time and cars
PROOFREAD, how badly does he or she want
this position? To compete strive for perfection.

Adaptation for specific company

 Is the letter addressed to specific person
(either the person species, the person with the
power to create a job for you)?
 Does the letter show your knowledge of the
company and the position?
•Does the letter specify the position you are
looking for?
Organization
 If you know the company is hiring, does the
paragraph indicate o applying for the job and
list your major qualifications?
 If, as far as you know, the company is not
hiring, does the first pers the reader's interest
and create a bridge to talking about yourself?
 Does the last paragraph ask for an interview?

Specific Supporting Details

 Do details show that you have the basic
qualifications specified in the ad.