Research Mark Jeoffrey S.

Diaz

5 RESEARCH TITLE AND OBJECTIVES

Research Title

The title summarizes the main idea or ideas of your study. A good title contains the
fewest possible words that adequately describe the contents and/or purpose of your
research paper.
The title is the part of a paper that is read the most, and it is usually read first .
It is, therefore, the most important element that defines the research study. With this in
mind, avoid the following when creating a title:

 If the title is too long, this usually indicates there are too many unnecessary words.
Avoid language, such as, "A Study to Investigate the...," or "An Examination of
the...." These phrases are obvious and generally superfluous unless they are
necessary to covey the scope, intent, or type of a study.
 On the other hand, a title which is too short often uses words which are too broad
and, thus, does not tell the reader what is being studied. For example, a paper with
the title, "African Politics" is so non-specific the title could be the title of a book and
so ambiguous that it could refer to anything associated with politics in Africa. A good
title should provide information about the focus and/or scope of your research study.
 In academic writing, catchy phrases or non-specific language may be used, but only
if it's within the context of the study [e.g., "Fair and Impartial Jury--Catch as Catch
Can"]. However, in most cases, you should avoid including words or phrases that do
not help the reader understand the purpose of your paper.
 Academic writing is a serious and deliberate endeavor. Avoid using humorous or
clever journalistic styles of phrasing when creating the title to your paper.
Journalistic headlines often use emotional adjectives [e.g., incredible, amazing,
effortless] to highlight a problem experienced by the reader or use "trigger words"
or interrogative words like how, what, when, or why to persuade people to read the
article or click on a link. These approaches are viewed as counter-productive in
academic writing. A reader does not need clever or humorous titles to catch their
attention because the act of reading is assumed to be deliberate based on a desire
to learn and improve understanding of the research problem. In addition, a
humorous title can merely detract from the seriousness and authority of your
research.
 It is always written in an inverted pyramid style (longer words at first line and lesser
at the succeeding lines :

Water Quality of Bathing Beaches of Northern Samar:

Basis in Designing A Conservation Program

Environmental Awareness and Practices of Selected

Accountancy, Business and Management
Senior High School Students

Create a Working Title

The working title should be developed early in the research process because it can help
anchor the focus of the study in much the same way the research problem does. Referring
back to the working title can help you reorient yourself back to the main purpose of the
study if you feel yourself drifting off on a tangent while writing.

Effective titles in academic research papers have several characteristics.

 Indicate accurately the subject and scope of the study.

 Avoid using abbreviations.
 Use words that create a positive impression and stimulate reader interest.
 Use current nomenclature from the field of study.
 Identify key variables, both dependent and independent.
 May reveal how the paper will be organized.
 Suggest a relationship between variables which supports the major hypothesis.
 Is limited to 10 to 15 substantive words.
 Do not include "study of," "analysis of" or similar constructions.
 Titles are usually in the form of a phrase, but can also be in the form of a question.
 Use correct grammar and capitalization with all first words and last words capitalized,
including the first word of a subtitle. All nouns, pronouns, verbs, adjectives, and
adverbs that appear between the first and last words of the title are also capitalized.
 In academic papers, rarely is a title followed by an exclamation mark. However, a
title or subtitle can be in the form of a question.

Research Objectives

The final part of clarifying your research project involves thinking in more detail about
your research objectives. Research objectives should be closely related to the statement of
the problem and summarise what you hope will be achieved by the study. For example, if
the problem identified is low utilisation of antenatal care services, the general objective of
the study could be to identify the reasons for this low uptake, in order to find ways of
improving it.

Writing your research objectives clearly helps to:

1. Define the focus of your study

2. Clearly identify variables to be measured
3. Indicate the various steps to be involved
4. Establish the limits of the study
5. Avoid collection of any data that is not strictly necessary.

Objectives can be general or specific. The general objective of your study states what
you expect to achieve in general terms. Specific objectives break down the general
objective into smaller, logically connected parts that systematically address the various
aspects of the problem. Your specific objectives should specify exactly what you will do in
each phase of your study, how, where, when and for what purpose.
How should your objectives be stated?

Your objectives should be stated using action verbs that are specific enough to be
measured, for example: to compare, to calculate, to assess, to determine, to verify, to
calculate, to describe, to explain, etc. Avoid the use of vague non-active verbs such as: to
appreciate, to understand, to believe, to study, etc., because it is difficult to evaluate
whether they have been achieved.

Below are examples of researches which may help you in formulating your own
objectives and titles.

Examples:

A. A research study designed to assess the accessibility and acceptability of the

Voluntary Counselling and Testing (VCT) Services for HIV infection in Metro
Manila residents.

Title:
Accessibility and Acceptability of Voluntary Counselling and testing Services
for Human Immuno Virus Infection among Metro Manila Residents

General objective: To identify factors that affects the acceptability of VCT services and to
assess community attitudes towards comprehensive care and support for people living with
HIV/AIDS.

Specific objectives:

1. To assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of the community towards HIV/AIDS
and VCT services.
2. To identify barriers and concerns related to VCT and its uptake.
3. To assess the awareness and perception of the study community regarding
comprehensive care and support for people living with HIV/AIDS.

B. A research study that seeks to determine whether involvement in sports of Grade 10

ADFC students affect his/her performance in school.

Title:
Sports Involvement and Academic Performance of Selected Grade 10
Asian Development Foundation College Students
General Objective: Determine the level of sports involvement of Grade 10 ADFC students
and their academic performance.

Specific Objectives:
1. Identify the profile of the respondents in terms of:
1.1 sex
1.2 age
1.3 economic status
1.4 religion;
2. Determine the level of sports involvement of the respondents;
3. Identify the academic performance of the students
4. Ascertain if there is a significant relationship between sports involvement and
academic performance of the respondents

Activity 1 for Second Quarter:

Make a research proposal. In the research proposal that you will make, be sure to
include the following parts:
1. Title- Make sure that it follows the guidelines stated above.
2. Background of the Study (a. State what the problem is all about. b. Present
local and national issues/problems related to your proposal c. What are the
statistics, legal bases or previous studies that justify your problem? d. What is
your relation as the researcher to the problem? e. What do you think will be
the importance of your research to the pool of knowledge?)
3. Objectives of the Study (Write at least 3 objectives of your study. Make sure to
that they are specific, measurable and doable.)
4. Review of Literature (Cite at least 3 recent studies which are related to your
proposal or research problem)
5. Methodology (Write ways or measurements of how you may come achieve
your objectives like will you do an interview, give questionnaire? How long do
you think will your study take?)

Individually, you are going to submit 3 research proposals. Meaning, you will have 3
research proposals which include the 4 mentioned parts above and their subparts).
You are going to write/encode these proposals in a short bond paper.

After making your own proposals, you will discuss with your partner your
respective proposals and decide as to which among them you will choose as your
final research problem. As a pair, you will submit to my Messenger account the 3
proposals you have chosen from which I will be using as basis in asking you
questions for finality of the research.

You will submit your individual research proposals once ECQ is lifted and your
advisers have already reported to school.

Partners:
Yopo- Alarcon
Alido- Vibar
Uy- Amestad
Arillo- Tagaban
Saballa- Bacoy
Bacsal- Robredillo
Paredes- Balajadia
Balbin- Pajuelas
Oliverio- Balleta
Bantilo- Namoc
Morado- Buenconcejo
Cardenas- Manuzon
Giray- Chin
Cuevas- Fajardo
Espinar- De Asis
Delorino- Dino
De Paz- Evangelista
Gabrito- Bonilla
Bolos- Laguitan
Lemonera- Banzon
Baldoza- Lim
Lobos- Baldo
Alcera- Lucero
Mejos- Abueza
Abobo- Mercader
Nazarita- Verano
Quinao- Solomon
Segovia- Salunoy