Scribd
Upload
55 views2 pages

Mango Gall Midge Overview and Management

Mango gall midges (Procontarinia spp.) are harmful fly species that attack mango leaves, flowers, shoots, and fruit, leading to reduced photosynthesis and fruit blemishing. They can be identified by small reddish spots on leaves and wart-like galls up to 4 mm in diameter, which may cause leaves to curl and drop. The pest spreads through wind and infested plant material, with significant occurrences reported in various countries, necessitating vigilant monitoring and sourcing of clean plant material for orchard protection.

Uploaded by

salomakhaled10
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
55 views2 pages

Mango Gall Midge Overview and Management

Mango gall midges (Procontarinia spp.) are harmful fly species that attack mango leaves, flowers, shoots, and fruit, leading to reduced photosynthesis and fruit blemishing. They can be identified by small reddish spots on leaves and wart-like galls up to 4 mm in diameter, which may cause leaves to curl and drop. The pest spreads through wind and infested plant material, with significant occurrences reported in various countries, necessitating vigilant monitoring and sourcing of clean plant material for orchard protection.

Uploaded by

salomakhaled10
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Fact sheet

Mango gall midges


What are Mango gall midges?
Mango gall midges (Procontarinia spp.) are a
range of damaging fly species. The different
species can attack leaves (such as Mango leaf-gall
midge (Procontarinia matteiana), which reduces
photosynthesising capacity), flowers (affecting fruit
set), shoots or fruit (blemishing the fruit).

What do they look like?


In some species the eggs are laid into tender leaves,

DEEDI
causing small reddish spots (oviposition marks).
Eggs are laid onto leaves causing small red spots
The tissue under these spots becomes soft.
Gall formation begins within a week and attain
their maximum diameter of 3-4 mm before the larva
is even 0.5 mm. Adults usually emerge from the lower
side of the leaves, leaving the pupal skin protruding
from the emergence hole. Heavy oviposition in leaves
causes them to dry and curl up.

What can they be confused with?


Galls are distinctive raised spots or bumps.
Other spots or lesions (not raised) may be
caused by Mango scab (a fungus), Stigmina leaf

DEEDI
spot, Fruit spotting bugs or mechanical damage.
Galls can appear wart-like

What should I look for?


Eggs are laid onto leaves causing small, red spots.
The most prominent symptom is the presence of
wart-like galls up to 4 mm in diameter on the leaves
and occasionally on stems or fruit. Heavily galled
leaves may curl up and drop prematurely, causing
dieback of whole branches in susceptible mango
cultivars.

How does it spread?


Mango gall midge is spread by wind currents and
DEEDI

long distance dispersal is through movement of


Leaf photosynthetic capacity can be greatly reduced
infested plant material.
Where is it now?
Mango leaf-gall midge (Procontarinia matteiana),
is indigenous to India and has spread via imported
mango plants to Mauritius, Kenya, Reunion, South
Africa and Malaysia. Significant damage to mango
plants by the pest has been reported in Mauritius.
Another species, P. pustulata, is present in Papua
New Guinea, the Torres Strait Islands and northern
tip of Cape York Peninsula but has not reached
commercial mango production areas of Australia.
The Mango fruit-gall midge (P. frugivora) is found in

DEEDI
the Philippines, whilst the Mango blossom-gall midge
Whole branches may be affected
(P. mangiferae) is found throughout Asia.

How can I protect my orchard from


Mango gall midge?
Source plant material only from clean, accredited
suppliers and preferably source material that is
certified. Check your orchard frequently for the
presence of new pests and unusual symptoms.
Make sure you are familiar with common mango
pests so you can tell if you see something different.

If you see anything unusual, call the

DEEDI
Exotic Plant Pest Hotline
Galls are 3-4 mm in diameter

T PEST HOTLINE
EXOTIC PLAN
1
18 0 0 0 8 4 8 8
DEEDI

Heavily galled leaves curl up and may drop prematurely

Disclaimer: The material in this publication is for general information only and no person should act, or fail to act on the basis of this material without
first obtaining professional advice. Plant Health Australia and all persons acting for Plant Health Australia expressly disclaim liability with respect to
anything done in reliance on this publication.

For more information visit www.planthealthaustralia.com.au

You might also like