Design Unit 1 - Introduction to Design
Questions and Answers
1. What are the 5 stages of Design Thinking? Explain each in detail? ( Elaborate each
and illustrate)
A - Keywords -
Empathize - Understand the user's needs, experiences, and emotions.
Define - articulate the problem or challenge, problem statement.
Ideate - Brainstorm, generate creative solutions.
Prototype - Tangible, scaled down version.
Test - Evaluate prototypes with users, gather feedback.
Illustration
2. Explain Personas.
A- Key words - Representative of a certain user groups / fictional, archetypal users /
create reliable and realistic representations of the key audience segments for
reference. describes the user's goals and some of the interaction.
3. What are the tools used in the Empathize stage of Design Thinking?
A - Key words -
1. User Interviews - most common and powerful ways to understand people / method
for discovering facts and opinions/ face-to-face and one-to-one
2. Focus Group - focus group, ntended users of a website naturally organize, can be
conducted in a variety of circumstances, a moderated discussion, aim is to solicit focused
feedback / can learn about users‘ attitudes, beliefs, desires. a traditional market research
technique.
3. Card Sorting - research method, very popular among researchers
4. Ethnography – social research technique, studying people‘s behavior in everyday
contexts, n informal conversation, participant interaction clarify complex human needs,
behaviors, and perspectives
5. Contextual Enquiry - watch and listen as the user works, ask questions as the user
navigates the site, results are usually qualitative, observed data.
5. Shadowing - observing people in context, not aware,
6. Survey - rely on asking the same question in the same way to a large number of people
Q4. Explain lean and Agile
Key words- Lean - streamlining the design process, minimizing waste and maximizing
value,
; Agile is how we adapt to changing conditions with software
Q5. Why is prototyping an important stage in Design Thinking?
Key words - Scaled down version, e potential solutions identified, the prototype stage,
the proposed solutions may be accepted, improved, redesigned or rejected
depending on how they fare in prototype form
Q6. What is the testing stage and how can it benefit the creator?
Keyords - often lead you back to a previous step, this is rarely the end of the Design
Thinking process, providing the insights, redefine the original problem statement
Q7. What is a good product design? (Elaborate each)
A Keywords - Functionality -Repairability. ... Reliability. ... Aesthetics. ... Durability. ...
Producibility. ... Simplicity. ... Compact.
Q8. Why is Design Thinking a non linear process ?
Keywords - flexible and fluid, rethink and redefine
Q9. What are the principles of Design Thinking?
Key words - The human rule: The ambiguity rule: The redesign rule: The tangibility rule:
Q10. Explain the Gestalt’s principles of
Simplicity - interpret ambiguous or complex images in their simplest form
Common Region - group elements that are in the same closed region
Proximity - group closer-together elements
Similarity - link similar elements.
figure and ground - Differentiation between foreground & Background
Continuity - our visual perception is biased to perceive them as continuous forms
rather than disconnected segments.
Closure - automatically fill in gaps between elements to perceive a complete image;
with examples.
Q11. What are the benefits of Design Thinking at work?
Keywords - reduces time-to-market, Cost savings and a great ROI, Improves customer
retention and loyalty: Fosters innovation, Can be applied company-wide:
