CÂU BỊ ĐỘNG

Câu bị động là gì?

Thể bị động là thể động từ ngược lại với thể chủ động: chủ ngữ "bị" làm gì đó thay vì
chủ ngữ làm gì đó.

S + be + V3/ed

Phân loại theo thì Câu chủ động Câu bị động

Hiện tại đơn S + V(s/es) + O S + am/is/are + V3/-ed

Hiện tại tiếp diễn S + am/is/are + V-ing + O S + am/is/are + being + V3/-

ed

Hiện tại hoàn thành S + have/has + V3/-ed + O S + have/has + been + V3/-

ed

Quá khứ đơn S + V(ed/Ps) + O S + was/were + V3/-ed

Quá khứ tiếp diễn S + was/were + V-ing + O S + was/were + being + V3/-

ed

Quá khứ hoàn thành S + had + V3/-ed + O S + had + been + V3/-ed

Tương lai đơn S + will + V-infi + O S + will + be + V3/-ed

Tương lai hoàn thành S + will + have + V3/-ed + O S + will + have + been +
V3/-ed

Tương lai gần S + am/is/are going to + V- S + am/is/are going to + be

infi + O + V3/-ed

Ví dụ:
 ● She is loved by everyone.
(Cô ấy được yêu quý bởi mọi người.)

⟶ Phân tích: Động từ ‘love’ được chia ở dạng V-ed: ‘loved’. Động từ ‘be’ được chia thành ‘is’
theo thì Hiện tại Đơn.

● S (Subject): đối tượng bị tác động bởi hành động

● be + V3/ed: ‘be’ thay đổi tùy theo thì dùng trong câu chủ động

● V3/ed luôn giữ nguyên dạng. Thứ thay đổi theo thì là động từ ‘be’ như trên.

● (by + ai, cái gì): ‘by’ có nghĩa là “bởi”, dùng để giới thiệu đối tượng thực hiện hành động
đứng sau ‘by’.
Câu chủ động cần biến đổi:

Yesterday, my mother bought a new TV.

⟶ Hôm qua, mẹ tôi đã mua một cái TV mới.
⟶ Đổi:

Nếu tân ngữ (đối tượng chịu tác động) trong các câu chủ động là các đại từ tân ngữ: ‘me’, ‘us’,
‘you’, ‘him’, ‘her’, ‘it’ và ‘them’, khi ta đưa chúng lên đầu để làm chủ ngữ cho câu bị động, ta cần
đổi chúng thành các đại từ chủ ngữ: ‘I’, ‘we’, ‘you’, ‘he’, ‘she’, ‘it’ và ‘they’.

Chuyển đổi giữa đại từ chủ ngữ và đại từ tân ngữ:

Đại từ chủ ngữ Đại từ tân ngữ

I me

He Him

She Her

We Us

They Them

Lưu ý

- Bỏ “by + O” nếu O là me, us, you, him, her, it, them, someone, somebody
- Dùng “with” thay cho “by” để chỉ công cụ/ nguyên liệu được sử dụng

Ex: The Jug is filled with hot water.

- Trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn + by + trạng từ chỉ thời gian

Ex: The cat was found in the box by the boy yesterday.

chúng ta có thể bỏ những chủ ngữ mơ hồ, chẳng hạn như by people, by someone, by a
woman, by him...

Bài tập câu bị động (Passive voice)

Bài 1: Tìm dạng đúng của các động từ sau trong câu ở thể bị động:

1. The room (clean) …………………………………………………..everyday.

2. Yesterday, the meeting (cancel) ..………………………………..... due to a sudden fire.
3. This bridges (build) ……………………………………….for nearly twenty years.
4. Children should (reward) ……………………………………… when they help others.
5. I got (school) …………………………………… after that experience.
6. English (speak) …………………………………… all over the world.
7. On Teacher’s day every year, my mother (send) ………………………… beautiful flowers
by her students.
8. Have you had your computer (repair) ……………………………………. yet?
9. We ( not allow) …………………………………... to enter this building.
10. Where can she (find).....………………………………..?
Bài tập 2:

1. Last night two statues ____________ (steal) from a museum in the city centre.
2. In the UK, more money ____________ (spend) on the internet every year.
3. Iron ____________ (use) to make many things during the Iron Age.
4. Gold ____________ (find) in Wales in 74 AD.
5. Every day, English exams ____________ (take) by thousands of people around the
world.

Bài tập 3: Viết lại câu ở dạng bị động

1. Henry delivers the mail every day.

__________________________________________

2. Mr. Johnson manages the export division.

__________________________________________
3. The teacher corrects our exercises.

__________________________________________

4. Somebody calls the president every day.

__________________________________________

5. Where do people speak Vietnamese?

__________________________________________

6. Weeds cover the river bank.

__________________________________________

7. We use milk for making butter and cheese.

__________________________________________

8. People speak English in almost every corner of the world.

__________________________________________

9. People spend a lot of money on advertising every day.

__________________________________________

10. No one believes her story.

__________________________________________

11. Fire destroyed that house.

__________________________________________

12. The students attended the lecture.

__________________________________________

13. The movie disappointed me very much.

__________________________________________

14. The police easily captured the thief.

__________________________________________

15. David returned the money last night.

__________________________________________

16. Smoke filled the room.

__________________________________________

17. Lisa took that book from the desk.

__________________________________________

18. We started a dancing class last week.

__________________________________________

19. Mr. John saw the accident.

__________________________________________

20. The teacher returned our written work to us.

__________________________________________

Bài 4

1. Mary will read the book tomorrow.

………………………………………………………….

2. The teacher is checking the homework now.

……………………………………………………………

3. You must switch off the lights before you leave.

………………………………………………………….
4. The company will launch the new product next month.

………………………………………………………….

5. John posted the letter yesterday.

………………………………………………………….

Bài 5:

Bài 2: Chọn đáp án đúng

1. Many U.S. automobiles --------------- in Detroit, Michigan.

A. manufacture

B. have manufactured

C. are manufactured

D. are manufacturing

2. I still can’t believe it! My bicycle ----------- last night.

A. was stolen

B. was stealing

C. stolen

D. stole

3. Let’s go ahead and do it now. Nothing ------------ by waiting.

A. will be accomplished

B. accomplished

C. has accomplished

D. accomplishes

4.” When ----------? “ - In 1928

A. penicillin was discovered

B. did penicillin discovered

C. was penicillin discovered

D. did penicillin discover

5. The rescuers ---------- for their bravery and fortitude in locating the lost mountain climbers.

A. were praised

B. praised

C. were praising

D. praising

6. Vitamin C ---------- by the human body. It gets into the bloods stream quickly.

A. absorbs easily

B. is easily absorbing

C. is easily absorbed

D. absorbed easily

7. Renoir is one of the most popular French impressionist painters. His paintings ----------
masterpieces all over the world.

A. had considere

B. are considering

C. are considered

D. consider

8. We can’t go along here because the road is ---------------.

A. been repaired

B. being repaired
C. repaired

D. repairing

9. More than 50 films --------------- in HCMC since June.

A. were shown

B. had been shown

C. have been shown

D. have shown

10. George is --------------- Lisa.

A. marry with

B. marry to

C. married with

D. married to

11. Somebody cleans the room every day.

a. The room every day is cleaned

b. The room is every day cleaned

c. The room is cleaned every day

d. The room is cleaned by somebody every day

12. They cancelled all flights because of fog.

a. All flights because of fog were cancelled.

b. All flights were cancelled because of fog.

c. All flights were because of fog cancelled

d. All flights were cancelled by them because of fog

13. People don't use this road very often.

a. This road is not used very often

b. Not very often this road is not used

c. This road very often is not used

d. This road not very often is used

14. Somebody accused me of stealing money.

a. I was accused by somebody of stealing money.

b. I was accused of stealing money

c. I was accused of stealing money by somebody

d. I was accused stealing money.

15. How do people learn languages?

a. How are languages learned?

b. How are languages learned by people?

c. How languages are learned?

d. Languages are learned how?

16. People warned us not to go out alone.

a. We were warned not going out alone

b. We were warned not to go out alone by people.

c. We weren't warned to go out alone.

d. We were warned not to go out alone.

17. Somebody is using the computer at the moment.

a. The computer is being used at the moment.

b. The computer at the moment is being used.

c. The computer is being used by somebody at the moment.

d. The computer is used at the moment.

18. I didn't realize that somebody was recording our conversation.

a. I didn’t realize that our conversation was recorded.

b. I didn't realize that our conversation was being recorded.

c. I didn't realize that our conversation was being recorded by someone.

d. Our conversation wasn't realized to be recorded.

19. We found that they had cancelled the game.

a. We found that the fame had been cancelled.

b. The game had been cancelled.

c. We found that the game had been cancelled by them.

d. The game were found to be cancelled.

20. They are building a new highway around the city.

a. A new highway is being built around the city.

b. A new highway is being built around the city by them

c. A new highway around the city is being built.

d. Around the city a new highway is being built.