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N4 Engineering Science November 2020

Phisical Sciences (Thekwini TVET College)

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NATIONAL CERTIFICATE

ENGINEERING SCIENCE N4
(15070434)

20 November 2020 (X-paper)

09:00–12:00

This question paper consists of 6 pages, 1 formula sheet and 1 information sheet.

183Q1E2020

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DEPARTMENT OF HIGHER EDUCATION AND TRAINING

REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA
NATIONAL CERTIFICATE
ENGINEERING SCIENCE N4
TIME: 3 HOURS
MARKS: 100

INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION

1. Answer all the questions.

2. Read all the questions carefully.

3. Number the answers according to the numbering system used in this

question paper.

4. Subsections of questions should be kept together.

5. Rule off across the page on completion of each question.

6. All formulas should be shown in the answer. Show all the steps in your
answers.
7.
All sketches and diagrams must be done in pencil.
8.
Take g = 9,8 m/s2.
9.
Write neatly and legibly.

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QUESTION 1

1.1 Two cars leave a fork in a road simultaneously. Car X travels at 60 km/h to
the west and car Y travels at 100 km/h in a direction N 45° E.

Calculate the relative velocity of car Y with respect to car X in magnitude and
direction. (5)

1.2 A boy throws a cricket ball at an angle of 15° to the horizontal with an initial
velocity of 50 m/s. The path of the ball is that of a projectile.

Calculate the following:

1.2.1 The time to reach the maximum height

1.2.2 The maximum height reached by the ball

1.2.3 The horizontal displacement of the ball

(3 × 2) (6)

1.3 A canoeist is rowing on the Vaal Dam at a velocity of 4 m/s in a northerly

direction. A wind of 3 m/s suddenly starts blowing in a south-easterly
direction.

Calculate the resultant velocity of the canoe in magnitude and direction. (5)
[16]

QUESTION 2

2.1 Define angular velocity. (1)

2.2 The wheel of a motorbike has a diameter of 50 cm and accelerates from 4

rad/s to 10 rad/s in 10 seconds.

Calculate the following:

2.2.1 The angular acceleration of the wheel

2.2.2 The angular displacement of the wheel in radians

2.2.3 The number of revolutions completed by the wheel during this time
(3 × 2) (6)

2.3 A force of 600 N is applied to the end of a spanner. The perpendicular

distance between the nut and the working line of the force is 30 cm.

Calculate the following:

2.3.1 The torque on the spanner

2.3.2 The work done when the nut is turned through an angle of 60°
(2 × 2) (4)
[11]
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QUESTION 3

3.1 A bus is travelling on a horizontal road at a velocity of 126 km/h when the bus
driver notices an object in the road. The brakes are applied and the bus is
brought to rest over a distance of 150 metres. The frictional resistance
is 2 500 N and the bus has a mass of 6 000 kilogram.

Calculate the following:

3.1.1 The retardation of the bus (3)

3.1.2 The time taken to come to a complete standstill (2)

3.1.3 The braking force of the brakes (2)

3.2 A locomotive is pulling a train with a mass of 150 tons up a hill with an incline
of 10° at a constant velocity of 72 km/h. The train experiences a frictional
force of 8 000 N.

Calculate the power required by the locomotive engine to pull the train. (4)
[11]

QUESTION 4

A light, horizontal beam, ABCDE, with A on the left-hand side is 13 metres long. It is
supported at two points, A and D. At B, 6 metres from A, there is a point load of 10 kN.
At C, 3 metres from B, there is a point load of 15 kN. There is a uniformly distributed
load of 4 kN/m between A and B. D is 2 metres from C.

4.1 Make a neat, labelled diagram of the beam described above. (1)

4.2 Calculate the reactions of the supports at points A and D and test your
answers. (5)

4.3 Draw a shear force diagram and show all the main values on the diagram. (4)

4.4 Calculate the bending moments at B and C. (2)

4.5 Draw a neat bending moment diagram and show all the main values on the
diagram. (3)
[15]

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QUESTION 5

5.1 A three-cylinder, single-acting pump has a plunger diameter of 200 mm and a

stroke length of 300 mm and is working at a speed of 230 r/min. There is a
slip of 15%.

Calculate the volume of water delivered in litres/minute:

(1 000 liter = 1 000 kg = 1 m³) (4)

5.2 A farmer uses a water pump to pump water out of a dam. The diameter of the
plunger is 150 mm and a force of 12 kN is applied to the plunger of the pump.
The work done during each delivery stroke is 4 kJ.

Calculate the following:

5.2.1 The stroke length of the plunger (2)

5.2.2 The pressure in the water during ONE delivery stroke (3)

5.2.3 The volume of water delivered during ONE pumping stroke (3)

5.3 The plungers of a three-cylinder, single-acting pump have diameters of 5 cm

each and stroke lengths of 15 cm each. The pressure during the delivery
stroke is 2 MPa.

Calculate the power required to drive the pump at 150 r/min if the efficiency of
the motor is only 80%. (5)

5.4 Define the unit Pascal (1)

[18]

QUESTION 6

6.1 Explain the difference between tensile stress and compressive stress. (2)

6.2 A bar with a square profile of 30 mm x 30 mm is subjected to a tensile test.

A load of 100 kN causes an extension of 0,5 mm. The initial length of the bar
was 330 mm.

Calculate the following:

6.2.1 The stress in the bar

6.2.2 The strain of the bar

6.2.3 Young's modulus of elasticity of the material

(3 × 2) (6)

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6.3 The steel spoke of a bicycle wheel has a cross-sectional area of 2,5 mm2 and
a length of 400 mm. The nut of the spoke is fastened until the spoke stretches
by 0,25 mm.

Calculate the tensile force on the spoke. E for the steel is 300 GPa. (3)

6.4 A tensile test is done on a metal specimen and the following readings are
obtained during the test:

Original length = 80 mm
Original diameter = 20 mm

Load in kN 0 10 20 30 40 50
Elongation in mm 0 0,0121 0,0243 0,0361 0,0485 0,0618

6.4.1 Draw the stress-strain graph for these values. (3)

6.4.2 Determine Young's modulus of elasticity for the specimen with the
aid of a graph. (2)
[16]

QUESTION 7

7.1 What is the difference between the Kelvin scale and the Celsius scale? (2)

7.2 The surface of the ocean at a certain point has a temperature of 27 °C at a

pressure of 1 atmosphere (101,325 kPa). The temperature at the bottom is
10 °C. An air bubble with a diameter of 16 mm is let loose.

Calculate the difference in pressure at the surface and at the bottom of the
ocean if the air bubble has a diameter of 42 mm when it reaches the surface
of the ocean. (Volume of a sphere = 4/3πr³ and density of water = 1 000
kg/m³.) (4)

7.3 A given mass of chlorine has a volume of 40 cm3 at 20 °C.

Calculate its volume at 50 °C if the pressure remains constant. (2)

7.4 A patient is supplied with oxygen contained in an oxygen cylinder with a

capacity of 40 litres. The cylinder was filled with oxygen at a temperature of
50 °C at a pressure of 380 kPa. Later it is found that the pressure has
dropped to 280 kPa and the temperature has decreased to 25 °C as a result
of the supply to the patient. The gas constant is R = 265 J/kg.K.

Calculate the following:

7.4.1 The mass of oxygen in the container initially (2)

7.4.2 The mass of oxygen used by the patient (3)

[13]

TOTAL: 100

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ENGINEERING SCIENCE N4

FORMULA SHEET

Any applicable formula may also be used.

u  Fp
S t a  R H .V .   M . A.
2 Fh
s
V   DN AV  mgh  WD
t
  u  at T  FR Q  mct
1 2
s  ut  at AV  T  WD l  lot
2

 2  u 2  2as P  2NT   2
u 
g  P  F   3
2
P1V1 P2V2
  2N P  T 
T1 T2

 Fa  ma PV  mRT
t
2  1 x
 t E p  mgh 
2 l
1 
 2  1  t Ek  mv 2 E
2 
1 F F
  1t  t 2 P  
2 A A
Fl
  R m    vol E
Ax
A1 y1  A2 y2 ...
  2n P  gh y
A1  A2 ...

Wr D 2 1 y1   2 y2 ...
S  R  y
Fp d 2 1   2 ...

22  12
 W . D .  P  V  A .V .
2

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INFORMATION SHEET

PHYSICAL CONSTANTS

QUANTITY CONSTANTS
Atmospheric pressure 101,3 kPa
Density of copper 8 900 kg/m3
Density of aluminium 2 770 kg/m3
Density of gold 19 000 kg/m3
Density of alcohol (ethyl) 790 kg/m3
Density of mercury 13 600 kg/m3
Density of platinum 21 500 kg/m3
Density of water 1 000 kg/m3
Density of mineral oil 920 kg/m3
Density of air 1,05 kg/m3
Electrochemical equivalent of silver 1,118 mg/C
Electrochemical equivalent of copper 0,329 mg/C
Gravitational acceleration 9,8 m/s2
Heat value of coal 30 MJ/kg
Heat value of anthracite 35 MJ/kg
Heat value of petrol 45 MJ/kg
Heat value of hydrogen 140 MJ/kg
Linear coefficient of expansion of copper 17 × 10-6/°C
Linear coefficient of expansion of aluminium 23 × 10-6/°C
Linear coefficient of expansion of steel 12 × 10-6/°C
Linear coefficient of expansion of lead 54 × 10-6/°C
Specific heat capacity of steam 2 100 J/kg.°C
Specific heat capacity of water 4 187 J/kg.°C
Specific heat capacity of aluminium 900 J/kg.°C
Specific heat capacity of oil 2 000 J/kg.°C
Specific heat capacity of steel 500 J/kg.°C
Specific heat capacity of copper 390 J/kg.°C

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