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Certainly! Let’s explore arrays and matrices in R programming with an example:
1. Arrays:
An array is a data structure that can store data in more than two dimensions.
Unlike vectors (uni-dimensional arrays) and matrices (two-dimensional arrays), arrays can have
more than two dimensions.
To create an array in R, we use the array() function.
The syntax for creating an array is: array(vector, dim = c(nrow, ncol, nmat)).
vector: Data items of the same type.
nrow: Number of rows.
ncol: Number of columns.
nmat: Number of matrices (product of nrow and ncol).
Example:
# Create a 2x3x2 array
array1 <- array(c(1:12), dim = c(2, 3, 2))
print(array1)
Output:
, , 1
[,1] [,2] [,3]
[1,] 1 3 5
[2,] 2 4 6
, , 2
[,1] [,2] [,3]
[1,] 7 9 11
[2,] 8 10 12
2. Accessing Array Elements:
Use the vector index operator [ ] to access specific elements of an array.
Syntax: array[n1, n2, mat_level]
n1: Row position.
n2: Column position.
mat_level: Matrix level.
Example:
# Access element at 1st row, 3rd column of 2nd matrix
cat("Desired Element:", array1[1, 3, 2])
Output:
Desired Element: 11
3. Accessing Entire Rows or Columns:
Use [c(n), , mat_level] to access the entire nth row.
Use [ , c(n), mat_level] to access the entire nth column.
Examples:
# Access 2nd column elements of 1st matrix
cat("2nd Column Elements of 1st matrix:", array1[, c(2), 1])
# Access 1st row of 2nd matrix
cat("1st Row Elements of 2nd Matrix:", array1[c(1), , 2])
Output:
2nd Column Elements of 1st matrix: 3 4
1st Row Elements of 2nd Matrix: 7 9 11
Arrays are versatile for handling multi-dimensional data in R. If you have more questions or need further
examples, feel free to ask! 😊
