TEACHERS FORUM®

QUESTION BANK
(solved)
Based on CBSE previous years’ question papers

Class X

SCIENCE

SUBJECT EXPERTS

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 CONTENTS
1. CHEMICAL REACTIONS AND EQUATIONS 005 - 029

2. ACIDS, BASES AND SALTS 030 - 062

3. METALS AND NON-METALS 063 - 097

4. CARBON AND ITS COMPOUNDS 098 - 128

5. PERIODIC CLASSIFICATION OF ELEMENTS 129 - 140

6. LIFE PROCESSES 141 - 171

7. CONTROL AND COORDINATION 172 - 195

8. HOW DO ORGANISMS REPRODUCE 196 - 218

9. HEREDITY AND EVOLUTION 219 - 240

10. LIGHT - REFLECTION AND REFRACTION 241 - 284

11. HUMAN EYE AND COLOURFUL WORLD 285 - 306

12. ELECTRICITY 307 - 359

13. MAGNETIC EFFECTS OF ELECTRIC CURRENT 360 - 392

14. SOURCES OF ENERGY 393 - 401

15. OUR ENVIRONMENT 402 - 413

16. MANAGEMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES 414 - 418

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 1 CHEMICAL REACTIONS
AND EQUATIONS
Topic 1 : Chemical Equations

1 MARKS
1. Identify ‘x’, ‘y’, and ‘z’ in the following reaction : (2020)
2 KClO3 (x) y 2 KCl (x) + O2 (z)
(a) x = gas; y = reaction condition; z = gas (b) x = solid; y = liquid; z = gas
(c) x = number of moles of KClO3; y = reaction condition; z = [Link] molecules of
oxygen.
(d) x = physical state of KClO3 and KCl; y = reaction condition, z = physical state of O2.
Ans. (d) x = physical state of KClO3 and KCl; y = reaction condition, z = physical state of O2.
2. What is meant by a chemical reaction ? (2016)
Ans. A process in which two or more substances react to form some other new substances
with new set of properties is called a chemical reaction.
3. Which one is a chemical change - rusting of iron or melting of iron ? (2014, 2015)
Ans. Rusting of iron.
4. What happens when quicklime is added to water ? (2014, 2013)
Ans. Quicklime reacts vigourously with water to produce slaked lime and large amount of
heat.
CaO(s) + H2O → Ca(OH)2 + heat
Quicklime slaked lime.

2 MARKS

5. Balance the following chemical equations : (2015)

(a) Mg + N2 → Mg3 N2 (b) Al + Cl2 → Al Cl3
Ans. (a) 3Mg + N2 → Mg3 N2 (b) 2Al + 3Cl2 → 2Al Cl3
6. List four observations which help us to determine whether a chemical reaction has
taken place or not. (2015)
Ans. 1. Change in state. 2. Change in colour.
3. Evolution of a gas. 4. Change in temperature.

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 CBSE Science Question Bank Class 10
7. Write the balanced chemical equations for the following reactions:
(a) Sodium carbonate solution on reaction with hydrochloric acid in equimolar
concentration gives sodium chloride and sodium hydrogen carbonate.
(b) When cold water is added to sodium, violent exothermic reaction takes place and
sodium hydroxide and hydrogen are produced.
(c) Potassium metal reacts with water to give potassium hydroxide and hydrogen is
released. (2013)
Ans. (a) Na2CO3(aq) + HCl(aq) → NaCl(aq) + NaHCO3(aq)
(b) 2Na(s) + 2H2O(l) → 2NaOH(aq) + H2 + Heat
(c) 2K(s) + 2H2O(l) → 2KOH(aq) + H2
8. (a) Write the skeletal equation for the following reactions :
(i) Hydrogen sulphide reacts with sulphur dioxide to form sulphur and water.
(ii) Methane on burning combines with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water.
(b) Why do we balance a chemical reaction? (2010, 2012, 2013)
Ans. (a) (i) H2S + SO2 → S + H2O (ii) CH4 + O2 → CO2 + H2O
(b) To obey the law of conservation of mass, so that the number of atoms of each
element before and after the reaction remain the same.
11Ma Mass of the reactants = Mass of the products1111111
3 MARKS
9. Write balanced chemical equations for the following reactions :
(i) Hydrogen sulphide gas burns in air to give water and sulphur dioxide.
(ii) Barium chloride reacts with zinc sulphate to give zinc chloride and barium sulphate.
(iii) Natural gas burns in air to form carbon dioxide and water. (2016)
Ans: (i) 2 H2S(g) + 3O2 (g) → 2H2O(l) + 2SO2 (g)
(ii) BaCl2 (aq) + ZnSO4 (aq) → BaSO4 (s) → ZnCl2 (aq)
(iii) CH4 (g) + 2O2 (g) → CO2 (g) + 2H2O(g)
10. Express the following facts in the form of balanced chemical equations :
(i) When a strip of copper metal is placed in a solution of silver nitrate, metallic silver
is precipitated and a solution containing copper nitrate is formed.
(ii) Barium chloride solution reacts with sodium sulphate solution to give insoluble
barium sulphate and a solution of sodium chloride. (2016, 2015)
Ans. (i) 2 AgNO3 (aq) + Cu(s) → Cu(NO3)2 (aq) + 2Ag(s)
(ii) BaCl2(aq) + Na2SO4(aq) → BaSO4(s) + 2NaCl(aq)
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 Chemical Reactions and Equations
11. (a) Mention the four information given by an equation. (2016)
(b) State the law of conservation of mass as applicable in a chemical reaction.
Ans. (a) (i) Physical state of reactants and products.
(ii) Conditions such as temperature, heat etc.
(iii) Catalyst involved. (iv) Change in state.
(b) Total mass of the elements present in the products in a chemical reaction has to
be equal to the total mass of elements presents in the reactants.
Mass can neither be created nor be destroyed in a chemical reaction.

12. Write balanced chemical equations for the following reactions :

(i) Calcium carbonate on reaction with hydrochloric acid gives calcium chloride, water
and carbon dioxide.
(ii) Nitrogen reacts with hydrogen under pressure to form ammonia.
(iii) Carbon disulphide burns in air to give carbon dioxide and sulphur dioxide. (2015)
Ans. (i) CaCO3(s) + 2HCl(aq) → CaCl2(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)
(ii) N2(g) + 3H2(g) pressure 2NH3(g)
(iii) CS2(l) + 3O2(g) heat CO2(g) + 2SO2(g)
13. Write balanced chemical equations for the following chemical reactions
(a) Hydrogen + Chlorine → Hydrogen Chloride
(b) Lead + Copper Chloride → Lead Chloride + Copper
(c) Zinc Oxide + Carbon → Zinc + Carbon Monoxide (2015)
Ans. (a) H2(g) + Cl2(g) → 2HCl(g)
(b) Pb(s) + CuCl2(aq) → PbCl2(aq) + Cu(s) (c) ZnO + C → Zn + CO
14. Balance the following chemical equation: (2016, 2014)
(i) Mg(OH)2 + HCl → MgCl2 + H2O (ii) N2 + H2 → NH3 (iii) P 4 + O 2 → P 2O 5

Ans. (i) Mg(OH)2 + 2HCl → MgCl2 + 2H2O (ii) N2 + 3H2 → 2NH3 (iii) P4 + 5O2 → 2P2O5
15. What is meant by a skeletal chemical equation? What does it represent? Using the
equation for electrolytic decomposition of water differentiate between a skeletal
chemical equation and a balanced chemical equation. (2010, 2011, 2012)
Ans. Skeletal chemical equation is an unbalanced chemical equation.
It represents a chemical reaction.
H2O electricity H2 + O2 (Skeletal)
2H2O electricity 2H2 + O2 (Balanced)

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 CBSE Science Question Bank Class 10

5 MARKS
16. (a) What is a balanced chemical equation ? Why should chemical equations be
balanced? (2018)
(b) Write the chemical equation of the reaction in which the following changes have
taken place:
(i) Change in colour. (ii) Change in temperature. (iii) Formation of precipitate.
Ans. (a) A chemical equation in which total mass of the reactants is equal to the total mass
of products is called a balanced chemical equation.
An equation should be balanced to obey the law of conservation of mass.
(b) (i) Change in colour : Reaction between lead nitrate solution and potassium iodide
solution.
Pb (NO3)2 + 2KI → PbI2 + 2KNO3
In this reaction, colour changes from colourless to yellow.
(ii) Change in temperature : Action of [Link] acid on zinc.
Zn(s) + H2SO4(aq) ZnSO4 (aq) + H2
(iii) Formation of precipitate : Action of barium chloride on sodium sulphate.
BaCI2(aq) + Na2SO4(aq) BaSO4(s) + 2NaCI(aq)
17. (a) Define a balanced chemical equation. Why should an equation be balanced ?
(b) Write the balanced chemical equation for the following reactions:
(i) Phosphorus burns in chlorine to form phosphorus pentachloride.
(ii) Burning of natural gas. (iii) The process of respiration. (2015)
Ans. (a) A chemical equation in which the number of atoms of each element remains the
same, before and after a chemical reaction is called a balanced chemical equation.

An equation should be balanced to obey the law of conservation of mass, so that the
number of atoms of each element before and after the reaction remain the same.
(b) (i) P4 + 10Cl2 4PCl5
(ii) CH4(g) + 2O2(g) CO2(g) + 2H2O(l)
(iii) C6H12O6(aq) + 6O2(aq) 6CO2(aq) + 6H2O(l) + Energy
(glucose)
18. (a) Balance the following chemical equations:
(i) NaOH + H2SO4 → Na2SO4 + H2O
(ii) PbO + C → Pb + CO2
(iii) Fe2O3 + Al → Al2O3 + Fe + Heat
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 Chemical Reactions and Equations
(b) Write the balanced chemical equations for the following reactions :
(i) Barium chloride + Potassium sulphate → Barium sulphate + Potassium chloride
(ii) Zinc + Silver nitrate → Zinc nitrate + Silver (2015)
Ans. (a) (i) 2NaOH + H2SO4 → Na2SO4 + 2H2O
(ii) 2PbO + C → 2Pb + CO2
(iii) Fe2O3 + 2Al → Al2O3 + 2Fe + Heat
(b) (i) BaCl2 + K2SO4 → BaSO4 + 2KCl
(ii) Zn + AgNO3 → ZnNO3 + AgARKS
19. Write balanced chemical equations for the following statements:
(i) NaOH solution is heated with zinc granules.
(ii) Excess of carbon dioxide gas is passed through lime water.
(iii) Dilute sulphuric acid reacts with sodium carbonate.
(iv) Egg shells are dropped in hydrochloric acid.
(v) Copper (II) oxide reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid. (2014)
Ans. (i) 2NaOH + Zn → Na2ZnO2 + H2
(ii) CaCO3 + CO2 → Ca(HCO3)2
(iii) H2SO4 + Na2CO3 → Na2SO4 + H2O + CO2
(iv) CaCO3 + 2HCl → CaCl2 + H2O + CO2
(v) CuO + 2HCl → CuCl2 + H2O
20. Write balanced chemical equation for the following statements and state the colour
changes you observe when:
(i) Iron nail is kept immersed in copper sulphate solution.
(ii) Potassium iodide solution is added to lead nitrate solution.
(iii) Lead nitrate powder is heated in a boiling tube.
(iv) When a piece of zinc metal is placed in copper sulphate solution.
(v) Barium chloride solution is added to sodium sulphate solution. (2014)
Ans. (i) Fe + CuSO4 → Cu + FeSO4
Blue colour of copper sulphate changes to green (FeSO4).
(ii) Pb (NO3)2 + 2KI → PbI2 + 2KNO3
Yellow precipitate of lead lodide is formed.
heat
(iii) 2Pb(NO3)2 2PbO + 4NO2 + O2

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 CBSE Science Question Bank Class 10
Brown fumes of NO2 is formed.
(iv) Zn + CuSO4 → ZnSO4 + Cu
A colourless ZnSO4 is formed.
(v) Na2SO4 + BaCl2 → BaSO4 + 2NaCl
White insoluble substance (BaSO4) is formed.

Topic 2 : Types of chemical reactions

1. Why do silver articles become black after some time when exposed to air ? (2014)
Ans. They get tarnished by reacting with atmospheric air to form silver sulphide.
2. Hydrogen being a highly inflammable gas and oxygen being a supporter of combustion,
yet water which is a compound made up of hydrogen and oxygen is used to extinguish
fire. Why ? (2011, 2012)
Ans. During a chemical combination, the product formed has its own properties and the
reactants fail to retain their properties.M

2 MARKS
3. A copper plate was dipped into a solution of silver nitrate. After sometime, a black
layer was observed on the surface of copper plate. State the reason for it and write
chemical equation of the reaction involved. (2016)
Ans. Black layer was deposited due to coating of silver, because copper being more reactive
than silver, displaced silver from silver nitrate solution.
2AgNO3(aq) + Cu → Cu(NO3)2(aq) + 2Ag(s)
4. Write the balanced equations for the following reactions and identify the type of
reaction in each case:
(a) Silver Nitrate(aq) + Potassium Iodide(aq) → Silver iodide(s)+Potassium Nitrate(aq)
(b) Potassium Chlorate (s) → Potassium Chloride (s) + Oxygen (g) (2016)
Ans. (a) Ag NO3(aq) + KI(aq) → AgI(s) + KNO3(aq) - Double displacement reaction
(b) 2 KClO3(s) → 2 KCl(s) + 3O2(g) Decomposition reaction
5. (a) State the types of chemical reactions represented by the following equations.
(i) CuSO4 + 2NaOH Cu(OH)2 + Na2SO4
(ii) 2Na + 2H2O 2NaOH + H2
(iii) Mg + CuSO4 MgSO4 + Cu
(iv) 3Mg + N2 Mg3N2 (2016)
Ans. (a) Double displacement reaction. (b) Endothermic reaction.
(c) Displacement reaction (d) Combination reaction.

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 Chemical Reactions and Equations
6. Consider the chemical reaction : x + water → slaked lime
(a) Write the chemical name of ‘x’ and the type of reaction that occurs.
(b) Write chemical equation of the reaction. (2015)
Ans. (a) x : Calcium oxide Type of reaction : Combination reaction.
(b) CaO + H2O → Ca(OH)2
7. (a) When hydrogen gas burns in presence of oxygen, water is formed and when water
is electrolysed, then hydrogen and oxygen gases are produced. State the kind of
reaction that takes place:
(i) in the first case. (ii) in the second case.
(b) In the experimental setup for electrolysis of water, hydrogen and oxygen gases are
produced at the cathode and anode respectively. Mention the ratio of the volumes of
hydrogen and oxygen gases. (2014)
Ans. (a) (i) Combination reaction. (ii) Decomposition reaction.
(b) Hydrogen : Oxygen = 2 : 1
8. What is a combination reaction ? State one example giving balanced chemical
equation for the reaction. (2013)
Ans. A reaction in which two or more simple substances combine to form a single product
is called a combination reaction.
burn
Example: C + O2 CO2
9. (a) What is a decomposition reaction ?
(b) What type of reaction will occur when silver chloride is exposed to sun light ?
(c) Identify the type of the reaction, when lead (II) nitrate solution is mixed with
potassium Iodide solution. (2010, 2011, 2012)
Ans. (a) A decomposition reaction is the one in which a single substance decomposes to
produce two or more substances.
(b) Photochemical decomposition reaction.
(c) Double displacement reaction.
10. Write the balanced chemical equation for the following reaction. Also identify the type
of reaction and define it.
‘Iron III oxide reacts with Aluminium and gives molten iron and aluminium oxide’.
Ans. Fe2O3 + 2 Al → Al2O3 + 2 Fe (2012, 2013)
Displacement reaction – One element displaces another element from its compound.
11. Give an example each for thermal decomposition and photo chemical decomposition
reactions. Write relevant balanced chemical equations also. (2010, 2012, 2013)
heat
Ans. Thermal decomposition : 2FeSO4(s) Fe2O3 + SO2 + SO3

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 CBSE Science Question Bank Class 10
Sun light
Photo chemical decomposition : 2 AgCl(s) 2 Ag(s) + Cl2(g)
12. Name the gas evolved when sodium hydrogen carbonate is made to react with dilute
hydrochloric acid. How will you test the gas ? (2012, 2013)
Ans. Carbon dioxide.
When CO2 is passed through lime water, it turns lime water milky.
13. A solution of potassium chloride when mixed with silver nitrate solution, an insoluble
white substance is formed. Write the chemical reaction involved and also mention the
type of the chemical reaction. (2010, 2012)
Ans. KCl (aq) + AgNO3 (aq) → AgCl(s) + KNO3(aq).
It is a double displacement/precipitation reaction.
14. Identify the type of reaction from the following equations : (2010, 2011, 2012)
(i) CH4 + 2O2 → CO2 + 2H2O (ii) Pb (NO3)2 + 2KI → PbI2 + 2KNO3
(iii) CaO + H2O → Ca(OH)2 (iv) CuSO4 + Zn → ZnSO4 + Cu
Ans. (i) Combination Reaction (ii) Double Displacement Reaction
(iii) Combination Reaction (iv) Displacement Reaction
15. Barium chloride reacts with aluminium sulphate to give Aluminimum chloride and
Barium sulphate.
(i) State the two types in which the above reaction can be classified
(ii) Translate the above statement into a chemical equation. (2010, 2012)
Ans. (i) Double Displacement reaction and Precipitation reaction
(ii) 3BaCl2 + Al2(SO4)3 → 2AlCl3 + 3BaSO4↓
16. Write balanced equation for the reaction between Magnesium and hydrochloric acid.
Name the product obtained, identify the type of reaction. (2010, 2013)
Ans. Mg + 2HCl → MgCl2 + H2
The product obtained is magnesium chloride. It is displacement reaction.3 M
3 MARKS
17. A compound ‘A’ is used in the manufacture of cement. When dissolved in water, it
evolves a large amount of heat and forms compound ‘B’. (2020)
(i) Identify A and B.
(ii) Write chemical equation for the reaction of A with water.
(iii) List two types of reaction in which this reaction may be classified.
Ans. (i) A is calcium oxide [CaO] and B is calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2].
(ii) CaO + H2O → Ca(OH)2 + Heat
Quicklime Slaked lime

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 Chemical Reactions and Equations
(iii) Exothermic and combination reactions.
18. Mention with reason the colour changes observed when : (2020)
(i) silver chloride is exposed to sunlight.
(ii) copper powder is strongly heated in the presence of oxygen.
(iii) a piece of zinc is dropped in copper sulphate solution.
Ans. (i) White to grey. Reason : Silver chloride decomposes to produce silver and chlorine.
(ii) Brown to black. Reason : Copper oxide is produced on heating.
(iii) Blue to colourless. Reason : Zinc Sulphate is formed.
19. Lead nitrate solution is added to a test tube containing potassium iodide solution.
(a) Write the name and colour of the compound precipitated. (2020)
(b) Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction involved.
(c) Name the type of this reaction justifying your answer.
Ans. (a) Lead iodide; Yellowcolour (b) Pb (NO3)2 + 2 KI → PbI2 + 2KNO3
(c) Double displacement reaction ; Due to exchange of ions.
20. A small amount of quicklime is added to water in a glass beaker. (2020)
(a) Name and define the type of reaction that has taken place.
(b) Write the chemical equation for the above reaction.
(c) List two main observations of this reaction.
Ans. (a) Addition reaction- when two or more substances combine to form single compound
Exothermic reaction : Reaction in which heat is released
(b) CaO + H2O → Ca (OH)2
(c) (i) Calcium oxide / quick lime reacts vigorously with water.
(ii) Large amount of heat is released
21. On heating blue coloured powder of copper (II) nitrate in a boiling tube, black copper
oxide, O2 and a brown gas X is formed. (2019)
(a) Identify the type of reaction and the gas X.
(b) Write balanced chemical equation of the reaction.
(c) Write the pH range of aqueous solution of the gas X.
Ans. (a) Decomposition or Thermal decomposition.
The gas X is NO2 (nitrogen dioxide)
(b) 2Cu (NO3)2 Heat 2 CuO + 4NO2 + O2 (c) pH range less than 7 (0 to 6.9pH)
22. (a) Classify the following reactions into different types : (2019)
(i) AgNO3 (aq) + NaCl (aq) AgCl (s) + NaNO3 (aq)

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 CBSE Science Question Bank Class 10
(ii) CaO (s) + H2O (l) Ca (OH)2(aq)
(iii) 2KClO3(s) D 2KCl (aq) + 3O2(g)
(iv) Zn + CuSO4 ZnSO4 + Cu
(b) Translate the following statement into a balanced chemical equation :
‘‘Barium chloride reacts with aluminium sulphate to give aluminium chloride and
barium sulphate.’’
Ans. (a) (i) double displacement reaction (ii) combination reaction
(iii) decomposition reaction (iv) displacement reaction
(b) 3BaCl2 + Al2(SO4)3 → 2AlCl3 + 3BaSO4
23. When potassium iodide solution is added to a solution of lead (II) nitrate in a test tube,
a precipitate is formed. (2019)
(a) What is the colour of this precipitate ? Name the compound precipitated.
(b) Write the balanced chemical equation for this reaction.
(c) List two types of reactions in which this reaction can be placed.
Ans. (a) Yellow, lead iodide.
(b) 2KI + Pb (NO3)2 → PbI2 + 2KNO3
(c) Double displacement, precipitation reaction.
24. 2 g of ferrous sulphate crystals are heated in a dry boiling tube. (2019)
(a) List any two observations.
(b) Name the type of chemical reaction taking place.
(c) Write balanced chemical equation for the reaction and name the products formed.
Ans. (a) Observations :
(i) Colour changes from green to white.
(ii) Formation of reddish brown Ferric oxide (Fe2O3) / evolution of SO2 / SO3 gas.
(b) Decomposition reaction.
(c) 2FeSO Heat Fe O
4 2 3
+ SO2 + SO3
Ferric oxide Sulphur dioxide Sulphur trioxide
25. 2 g of silver chloride is taken in a china dish and the china dish is placed in sunlight
for sometime. What will be your observation in this case? Write the chemical reaction
involved in the form of a balanced chemical equation. Identify the type of chemical
reaction. (2019)
Ans. White silver chloride turns grey in sunlight.
• 2AgCl Sunlight 2 Ag + Cl2
• Decomposition reaction or Photochemical decomposition.
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 Chemical Reactions and Equations
26. Identify the type of reactions taking place in each of the following cases and write the
balanced chemical equation for the reactions. (2019)
(a) Zinc reacts with silver nitrate to produce zinc nitrate and silver.
(b) Potassium iodide reacts with lead nitrate to produce potassium nitrate and led
iodide.
Ans. (a) Displacement reaction Zn + 2 AgNO3 Zn (NO3)2 + 2 Ag
(b) Double displacement reaction 2 KI + Pb (NO3)2 PbI2 + 2KNO3
27. Write the balanced chemical equations for the following reactions and identify the
type of reaction in each case : (2019)
(i) Sodium hydroxide solution is treated with ethanoic acid to form sodium ethano-
ate and water.
(ii) Ethanol is burnt in air to form carbon dioxide and water and releases heat.
Ans. (i) NaOH (aq) + CH3COOH (aq) CH3COONa (aq) + H2O ; Neutralisation reaction
(ii) C2H5OH (l) + 3O2 (g) 2 CO2 + 3H2O + Heat ; Combustion reaction
28. Decomposition reactions require energy either in the form of heat or light or electricity
for breaking down the reactants. Write one equation each for decomposition reactions
where energy is supplied in the form of heat, light and electricity. (2018)
Ans. • CaCO3 heat CaO + CO2
• 2AgCl sunlight 2Ag + Cl2
• 2H2O electricity 2H2 + O2
29. Identify the type of reactions in each of the following reactions :
(i) Zn + H2SO4 → ZnSO4 + H2 (ii) CaO + H2O → Ca(OH)2
(iii) CaCO3 → CaO + CO2 (2016)
Ans. (i) Displacement reaction (ii) Combination reaction (iii) Decomposition reaction
30. When a copper wire was left in silver nitrate solution, for some time it was observed
that the solution turned bluish green.
(a) Explain the observation.
(b) Write the balanced chemical equation to represent the change taking place. (2016)
Ans: (a) Copper is more reactive than silver. Hence, when copper wire is dipped in silver
nitrate solution, it displaces silver from Ag NO3 solution forming copper nitrate which
is bluish green in colour.
Cu + 2AgNO3 → Cu(NO3)2 + 2Ag
31. (a) What happens when silver nitrate solution is added to sodium chloride solution?
(b) Write the balanced equation for the reaction which takes place.
(c) Name the type of reaction and explain it. (2015)

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 CBSE Science Question Bank Class 10
Ans. (a) A white precipitate of silver chloride (AgCl) and a solution of sodium nitrate is
obtained.
(b) AgNO3(aq) + NaCl(aq) AgCl(s) + NaNO3(aq)
(c) Double displacement or precipitation reaction.
Here both silver nitrate and sodium chloride exchange their ions (NO-3 and Cl-
respectively) and a white precipitate of AgCl is formed along with NaNO3.
32. Identify the type of each of the following reactions. Also write balanced chemical
equation for each.
(a) The reaction mixture becomes warm. (b) An insoluble substance is formed.
Ans. (a) Exothermic Reaction. (2016)
CaO + H2O Ca (OH)2
(b) Double displacement reaction.
Pb (NO3)2 + 2KI → PbI2 + 2KNO3
33. Write balanced equations for the following mentioning the type of reaction involved.
(i) Aluminium + Bromine → Aluminium bromide
(ii) Calcium Carbonate → Calcium Oxide + Carbon dioxide
(iii) Silver Chloride → Silver + Chlorine (2010, 2012)
Ans. 2Al + 3Br2 → 2 AlBr3 ; combination reaction.
CaCO3 → CaO + CO2 ; decomposition reaction.
2 AgCl → 2 Ag + Cl2 ; decomposition reaction.(photochemical decomposition)
34. Consider the following reaction: (2016)
heat
Pb(NO3)2(s) PbO(s) + NO2(g) + O2(g)
(a) Name the gases produced in the above reaction.
(b) Balance the above chemical equation. (c) Name the type of chemical reaction.
Ans. (a) Nitrogen dioxide and oxygen.
heat
(b) 2Pb(NO3)2(s) 2PbO(s) + 4NO2(g) + O2(g) (c) Decomposition reaction.
35. When a green iron salt is heated strongly, its colour finally changes to balck and odour
of burning sulphur is given out.
(a) Name the iron salt.
(b) Name the type of reaction that takes place during the heating of iron salt.
(c) Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction involved. (2016)
Ans. (a) Ferrous sulphate (FeSO4) (b) Decomposition reaction.
heat
(c) 2FeSO4 Fe2O3+ SO2+ SO3
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 Chemical Reactions and Equations
36. Write two observations each for the following chemical reactions:
(i) Dilute sulphuric acid is poured over zinc granules.
(ii) Potassium iodide solution is added to lead nitrate solution.
(iii) Lead nitrate is strongly heated in a hard glass test tube. (2015)
Ans. (i) Zn + H2SO4 → ZnSO4 + H2
1. Hydrogen gas is evolved. [Link] tube becomes hot.
(ii) 2KI + Pb(NO3)2 → PbI2 + 2KNO3
1. Yellow colour of KI disappears. 2. Yellow coloured precipitate (PbI2) is formed.
(iii) 2Pb(NO3)2 heat 2PbO + 4NO2 + O2
1. NO2 gas is evolved (yellow colour) 2. White residue of PbO is formed.
37. (a) Name two salts that are used in black and white photography. Give equations for
the reactions that occur when they are exposed to sun light.
(b) List two observations that are noticed when an iron nail is put inside the copper
sulphate solution ? Write chemical equations for it. (2015)
Ans. (a) Silver chloride and silver bromide
2AgCl sunlight 2Ag + Cl2
2Ag Br sunlight 2Ag + Br2 Test tube containing
solution of sodium
(b) Fe + CuSO4 → FeSO4 + Cu sulphate

The blue colour of copper sulphate solution

Test tube containing
turns into light green. Iron being more reactive solution of barium
than Cu, iron displaces Cu and forms a new chloride
product iron sulphate and copper metal.
38. Observe the given figure and answer the
following questions :
(i) Write a balanced chemical equation for the above reaction.
(ii) Name the type of reaction and the colour of the precipitate formed.
(iii) Write any other example of the same type of reaction. (2015)
Ans. (i) BaCl2 + Na2SO4 → BaSO4 + 2NaCl
(ii) Type of reaction : Double displacement reaction.
Colour of precipitate : White.
(iii) BaCl2 + ZnSO4 → ZnCl2 + BaSO4
39. State the type of chemical reactions, represented by the following equations:
(a) A + BC → AC + B (b) A + B → C
(c) PQ + RS → PS + RQ (d) A2O3 + 2B → B2O3 + 2A (2014, 2015)

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 CBSE Science Question Bank Class 10
Ans. (a) Displacement reaction. (b) Combination reaction.
(c) Double displacement reaction. (d) Redox reaction.
40. “Combination reaction is the reverse of decomposition reaction”. Justify this statement
with the help of appropriate chemical equation for each. (2010, 2013)
Ans. In Combination reaction a single product is formed from two or more reactants.
CaO + H2 O → Ca(OH)2
In Decomposition reaction a single reactant breaksdown to give simpler products.
Ca CO3 ∆ CaO + CO2
41. In the electrolysis of water :
(i) Name the gas collected at the cathode and anode respectively.
(ii) Why is the volume of one gas collected at one electrode double that at the other?
Name this gas.
(iii) How will you test the evolved gases ? (2016, 2010, 2012)
Ans. (i) At cathode – Hydrogen gas (H2) ; At Anode – Oxygen gas (O2)
electric
(ii) 2H2O 2H2 + O2
current
During the electrolysis of water when 2 molecules of Hydrogen are liberated only 1
molecule of oxygen is liberated.
(iii) When a burning splinter is brought near the mouth of the liberated gases, the
burning splinter extinguishes near H2 gas while the burning splinter keeps burning
more near the O2 gas.
42. The following diagram displays a chemical reaction. Observe carefully and answer
the following questions :

Silver chloride
(a) Identify the type of chemical reaction that will take place and define it. How will the
colour of the salt change ?
(b) Write the chemical equation of the reaction that takes place.
(c) Mention one commercial use of this salt. (2011, 2012, 2013)
Ans. (a) Photochemical decomposition.
It is the reaction in which single reactant breaks down to give simpler products.
White silver chloride changes to grey, as it decomposes to silver and chlorine in
presence of sunlight.
sunlight
(b) 2AgCl(s) 2Ag(s) + Cl2(g) (c) Black and white photography.
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 Chemical Reactions and Equations
43. 2 g of Ferrous Sulphate crystals are heated in a boiling tube.
(i) State the colour of Ferrous Sulphate crystals both before heating and after heating.
(ii) Name the gases produced during heating.
(iii) Write the chemical equation for the reation. (2011, 2012)
Ans. (i) Before heating – Pale green ;
After heating – Brown or reddish brown.
heat
(ii) SO2 and SO3 (iii) 2FeSO4 (s) Fe2O3(s) + SO2(g) + SO3 (g)

5 MARKS
44. (a) Design an activity to demonstrate the decomposition reaction of lead nitrate.
(b) Draw labelled diagram of the experimental set-up. List two main observations.
(c) Write balanced chemical equation for the reaction stating the physical state of the
reactant and the products. (2019)
Ans. (a) Activity : Take a pinch of lead nitrate powder in a test tube. Heat it over the flame.

Test tube holder

Boiling tube
Lead nitrate

Burner

(b) Observation : • Emission of brown fumes observed.

• Reddish brown colour of residue.
(c) 2Pb (NO3)2 (s) Heat 2PbO (s) + 4NO2(g) + O2 (g)
Lead nitrate lead oxide Nitrogen Oxygen
dioxide
45. (a) What is a double displacement reaction? Explain with an example. (2019)
(b) A small amount of quick lime is added to water in a beaker.
(i) Name and define the type of reaction that has taken place.
(ii) Write balanced chemical equation for the above reaction and the chemical
name of the product formed.
(iii) List two main observations of this reaction.
Ans. (a) Double displacement reaction : Reaction in which two compounds react by an
exchange of ions to form two new compounds.

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 CBSE Science Question Bank Class 10
Na2SO4 + BaCl2 BaSO4 + 2 NaCl
(b) (i) Combination reaction: A combination reaction is a reaction where two or
more elements or compounds combine to form a single compound.
(ii) CaO + H2O Ca(OH)2
Chemical name of the product formed - Calcium hydroxide (slaked lime).
(iii) Observations of the reactions:
1. Reaction takes place vigorously.
2. Large amount of heat is released.
46. What is the difference between displacement reaction and double displacement
reaction ? Give two examples each of these reactions. (2018)
Ans. Displacement reaction: A reaction in which more reactive element displaces a
less reactive element from its salt solution.
Double displacement reaction: A reaction in which two ionic compounds react and two
new compounds are formed by mutual exchange of ions.
Examples:
Fe + CuSO4 → FeSO4 + Cu (Displacement reaction)
Zn + FeSO4 → ZnSO4 + Fe (Displacement reaction)
AgNO3 + NaCl → NaNO3 + AgCl (Double displacement reaction)
Na2SO4 + BaCl2 → BaSO4 + 2NaCl (Double displacement reaction)
47. Define a chemical reaction. State four observations which help us to determine that
a chemical reaction has taken place. Write one example of each observation with a
balanced chemical equation. (2016)
Ans: A process in which two or more substances react to form some other new substances
with new set of properties is called a chemical reaction.
(1) Evolution of gas : The chemical reaction between zinc and dil. H2SO4
Zn(s) + H2SO4 (aq) → ZnSO4 (aq) + H2 (g)
(2) Change in colour : The chemical reaction between potassium iodide solution and
lead nitrate solution.
Pb (NO3)2 (aq) + 2KI → 2KNO3(aq) + PbI2(s)
(3) Formation of precipitate : The chemical reaction between sulphuric acid and barium
chloride solution.
BaCl2(aq) + H2SO4 (aq) → 2HCl(aq) + BaSO4 (s)
(4) Change in temperature : The chemical reaction between quick lime and water.
CaO(s) + H2O (l) → Ca(OH)2(aq) + Heat

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 Chemical Reactions and Equations
48. Identify the type of chemical reaction in the following statements and define each of
them :
(i) Digestion of food in our body. (ii) Rusting of iron.
(iii) Heating of manganese dioxide with aluminium powder.
(iv) Blue colour of copper sulphate solution disappears when iron filings are added to it.
(v) Dilute hydrochloric acid is added to sodium hydroxide solution to form sodium
chloride and water. (2016)
Ans. (i) Decomposition reaction : Carbohydrates are broken down to form glucose.
(ii) Oxidation reaction : When an iron object is left in moist air for a considerable
time, it gets covered with a red brown flaky substance called rust.
(iii) Displacement reaction : Reaction in which one element takes the place of another
element in a compound.
(iv) Displacement reaction : More reactive metal displaces less reactive metal from its
salt solution.
(v) Double displacement reaction : Reaction in which two compounds react by an
exchange of ions to form two new compounds.
49. Study the following diagram Plastic mug
and answer the questions that
'x' 'y'
follow:
(i) What does this activity Test tube
Water
indicate ?
Graphite rod Water
(ii) Identify the ‘x’ and ‘y’ in the
test tubes.
Rubber stopper
(iii) Why is the amount of ‘y’
Anode
collected in one of the test Cathode
tubes is double of the amount 6 V
of ‘x’ collected in the other? Switch Battery

(iv) Write balanced chemical equation of the reaction that takes place when electric
current is passed on closing the key? (2015)
Ans. (i) Electrolysis of water. (ii) x → Oxygen, y → Hydrogen
(iii) When water decomposes to hydrogen and oxygen, the ratio of hydrogen gas
liberated to oxygen gas is 2 : 1.
(iv) 2H2O → 2H2 + O2
50. (a) Write a balanced chemical equation for the process of photosynthesis and the
conditions of the reaction giving physical states of all the substances. (2016)
(b) Classify the following chemical reactions as exothermic or endothermic :
(i) Elecrolysis of water. (ii) Burning of natural gas.

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 CBSE Science Question Bank Class 10
(iii) Decomposition of calcium carbonate. (iv) Burning of magnesium ribbon in air.
Chlorophyll
Ans. (a) 6CO2 + 12 H2O Sunlight C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O
Reaction conditions : Temperature, pressure, catalyst etc.
(b) (i) Endothermic (ii) Exothermic (iii) Endothermic (iv) Endothermic
51. (a) The following reactions are observed to occur:
(i) CuSO4 + Zn → ZnSO4 + Cu (ii) 3 ZnSO4 + 2 Al → Al2 (SO4)3 + 3 Zn
(iii) 2 AgNO3 +Cu → Cu(NO3)2 + 2 Ag
Arrange Cu, Zn, Al and Ag in decreasing order of their reactivity.
(b) Write one example each of decomposition reaction carried out with the help of:
(i) electricity (ii) sunlight (2015, 2014)
Ans. (a) In reaction (i), Zn > Cu In reaction (ii), Al > Zn. In reaction (iii), Cu > Ag
So decreasing order of reactivity : Al < Zn < Cu < Ag
electricity sunlight
(b) (i) 2H2O 2H2 + O2 (ii) 2AgCl 2Ag + Cl2

Topic 3 : Oxidation and Reduction

2 MARKS
1. When Hydrogen gas is passed over heated copper (II) oxide, copper and steam are
formed. Write the balanced chemical equation with physical states for this reaction
State what kind of chemical reaction is this ? (2015)
heat
Ans. CuO(s) + H2(g) Cu (s) + H2O(g)
Redox reaction.
2. Name the reducing agent in the following reaction :
3MnO2 + 4Al → 3Mn + 2Al2O3
State which is more reactive, Mn or Al and why? (2015)
Ans. Raducing agent : Al
Al is more reactive as it can displace Mn from MnO2.
3. Can oxidation or reduction take place alone? Why or why not ? What are such
reactions called? (2015)
Ans. No. When one reactant gets oxidised the other gets reduced during a reaction. Such
reactions are called redox reaction. ARKS
4. When hydrogen gas is passed over heated copper (II) oxide, copper and steam
are formed. Write the balanced chemical equation for this reaction and state (i) the
substance oxidized and (ii) the substance reduced in the reaction. (2014)
heat
Ans. CuO + H2 Cu + H2O

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 Chemical Reactions and Equations
(i) Substance oxidised : H2 (ii) Substance reduced : CuO
5. What do you observe when a magnesium ribbon is burnt in air ? Is magnesium
oxidised or reduced in this reaction ? Justify your answer. (2010, 2012)
Ans. Magnesium burns with a dazzling white flame producing white ash.
Here Mg is oxidized as Mg combines with oxygen to form MgO.
6. Mention the colour of FeSO4.7H2O crystals ? How does this colour change upon
heating ? Give balanced chemical equation for the change. (2010, 2011, 2013)
Ans. Light green.
Light green changes to reddish brown or brown upon heating.
2FeSO4 heat Fe2O3 + SO2 + SO3

7. A shining metal ‘M’, on burning gives a dazzling white flame and changes to a white
powder ‘N’. (2020)
(a) Identify ‘M’ and ‘N’.
(b) Represent the above reaction in the form of a balanced chemical equation.
(c) Does ‘M’ undergo oxidation or reduction in this reaction ? Justify.
Ans. (a) ‘M’ is magnesium /Mg. ‘N’ is Magnesium oxide / MgO
(b) 2Mg + O2 → 2MgO
(c) ‘M’ undergoes oxidation because oxygen is added to it.
8. 1 g of copper powder was taken in a China dish and heated. What change takes
place on heating? When hydrogen gas is passed over this heated substance, a visible
change is seen in it. Give the chemical equations of reactions, the name and the
colour of the products formed in each case. (2020)
Ans. • A black colour is formed on the surface
2Cu + O2 Heat 2CuO
Brown Copper Oxide (Black Colour)
• Original/brown colour is restored.
CuO + H2 Heat Cu + H2O
Black Copper (Brown)
9. You might have noted that when copper powder is heated in a china dish, the reddish
brown surface of copper powder becomes coated with a black substance. (2019)
(a) Why has this black substance formed ?
(b) What is this black substance ?
(c) Write the chemical equation of the reaction that takes place.
(d) How can the black coating on the surface be turned reddish brown?

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 CBSE Science Question Bank Class 10
Ans. (a) When copper is heated in air, oxidation takes place.
(b) CuO / Copper oxide. (c) 2 Cu + O2 2 CuO
(d) On passing hydrogen gas over the heated material.
10. In the reaction: MnO2 + 4HCl → MnCl2 + 2H2O + Cl2
(a) Name the compound (i) oxidised, (ii) reduced.
(b) Define oxidation and reduction on its basis. (2018)
Ans. (a) (i) HCl is oxidized (ii) MnO2 is reduced
(b) • Oxidation: Gain of Oxygen or loss of Hydrogen
• Reduction: Gain of Hydrogen or loss of Oxygen
11. In the reaction MnO2 + 4HCl → MnCl2 + 2H2O + Cl2
(i) Name the substance oxidised. (ii) Name the substance reduced.
(iii) Name the oxidising agent and the reducing agent. (2016)
Ans. (i) HCl (ii) MnO2 (iii) MnO2 – oxidising agent; HCl – reducing agent
12. What is redox reaction ? Identify the substance oxidised and the substance reduced
in the following reactions :
(i) 2 PbO + C → Pb + CO2
(ii) MnO2 + 4HCl → MnCl2 + 2H2O + Cl2
(2015)
Ans. Reactions in which both oxidation and reduction occur simultaneously are called
redox reaction.
(i) PbO is reduced, C is oxidised. (ii) HCl is oxidised, MnO2 is reduced.
13. (a) What are redox reactions ? (2016)
(b) Why is the reaction between manganese dioxide and hydrochloric acid a redox
reaction ?
(c) Identify the substance oxidised and the substance reduced in the above reaction.
Ans. (a) The reaction in which both oxidation and reduction takes place is called redox
reaction.
(b) Because in this reaction MnO2 is reduced to MnCl2 and HCl is oxidised to H2O.
MnO2 + 4HCl → MnCl2 + 2H2O + Cl2
(c) Substance oxidised - HCl, Substance reduced - MnO2
14. Explain one example for each of the following:
(i) A redox reaction which is also a combination reaction.
(ii) A redox reaction which is also a displacement reaction. (2015)
Ans. (i) Combination reaction : When magnesium ribbon is burnt in oxygen, it gets
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 Chemical Reactions and Equations
converted into magnesium oxide.
2Mg + O2 → 2MgO
It is a redox reaction as Mg is oxidised and oxygen is reduced.
(ii) Displacement reaction: Zn displaces Cu from CuO since Zn is more reactive than
Cu.
Zn + CuO → ZnO + Cu
It is a redox reaction as Zn is oxidised to ZnO and CuO is reduced to Cu.
15. Name the substance oxidised and the substance reduced, and also identify the
oxidizing agent and reducing agents in the following reactions :
(a) 3MnO2 + 4Al → 3Mn + 2Al2O3
(b) Fe2O3 + 3CO → 2Fe + 3CO2 (c) SO2 + 2H2S → 3S + 2H2O (2015)
Ans. (a) MnO2 reduced is oxidising agent; Al oxidised is reducing agent.
(b) Fe2O3 reduced is oxidising agent; CO oxidised is reducing agent.
(c) H2S oxidised is reducing agent; SO2 reduced is oxidising agent.
16. Identify the substance oxidised and the substance reduced in each of the following
reactions :
(i) CuO + H2 → Cu + H2O (ii) ZnO + C → Zn + CO
(iii) MnO2 + 4HCl → MnCl2 + 2H2O + Cl2 (2015)
Ans.
Substances oxidised Substance reduced
H2 CuO
C ZnO
HCl MnO2
17. Zinc oxide reacts with carbon on heating to form Zinc metal and carbon monoxide.
Write a balanced chemical equation for this reaction. Name
(i) the substance oxidised and (ii) the substance reduced. (2014)
Ans. Zinc oxide + carbon → Zinc + carbon monoxide
ZnO + C → Zn + CO
(i) Substance oxidised : C (ii) Substance reduced : ZnO

5 MARKS
18. (a) Giving reason identify the substance oxidised and the substance reduced in each of the
following chemical reactions:
(i) H2 + CuO → Cu + H2O (ii) H2S + SO2 → 2S + 2H2O
(b) Name the term used to represent a reaction in which oxidation and reduction take place
simultaneously. (2015)

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 CBSE Science Question Bank Class 10
Ans. (a) (i) Substance oxidised : H2 Since it gains oxygen to become H2O.
Substance reduced : CuO Since it loses oxygen to become Cu.
(ii) Substance oxidised : H2S Since it gains oxygen.
Substance reduced : SO2 Since it loses oxygen to become S.
(b) Redox reaction.
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
1. Strong heating of ferrous sulphate leads to the formation of a brown solid and two
gases. This reaction can be categorised as (2020)
(a) displacement and redox. (b) decomposition and redox.
(c) displacement and endothermic. (d) decomposition and exothermic.
2. Calcium oxide reacts vigorously with water to produce slaked lime. (2020)
CaO(s) + H2O (I) → Ca (OH)2 (aq)
This reaction can be classified as :
(A) Combination reaction (B) Exothermic reaction
(C) Endothermic reaction (D) Oxidation
Which of the following is a correct option?
(a) (A) ad (C) (b) (C) and (D) (c) (A), (C) and (D) (d) (A) and (B)
3. When hydrogen sulphide gas is passed through a blue solution of copper sulphate,
a black precipitate of copper sulphide is obtained and the sulphuric acid so formed
remains in the solution. The reaction is an example of a: (2020)
(a) Combination reaction (b) Displacement reaction
(c) Decomposition reaction (d) Double displacement reaction
4. In a double displacement reaction such as the reaction between sodium sulphate
solution and barium chloride solution: (2020)
(A) exchange of atoms takes place (B) exchange of ions takes place
(C) a precipitate is produced (D) an insoluble salt is produced
The correct option is :
(a) (B) and (D) (b) (A) and (C) (c) only (B) (d) (B), (C) and (D)
5. Which of the following is not a physical change?
(a) Boiling of water to give water vapour. (b) Melting of ice to give water.
(c) Dissolution of salt in water. (d) Combustion of LPG.
6. The following reaction is an example of a 4NH3(g) + 5O2(g) 4NO(g) + 6H2O(g)
(i) displacement reaction. (ii) combination reaction.

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 Chemical Reactions and Equations
(iii) redox reaction. (iv) neutralisation reaction..
(a) (i) and (iv) (b) (ii) and (iii) (c) (i) and (iii) (d) (iii) and (iv)
7. Which of the following statements about the given reaction are correct?
3Fe(s) + 4H2O(g) Fe3O4(s) + 4H2(g)
(i) Iron metal is getting oxidised. (ii) Water is getting reduced.
(iii) Water is acting as reducing agent. (iv) Water is acting as oxidising agent
(a) (i), (ii) and (iii) (b) (iii) and (iv) (c) (i), (ii) and (iv) (d) (ii) and (iv)
8. Which of the following are exothermic processes?
(i) Reaction of water with quick lime. (ii) Dilution of an acid.
(iii) Evaporation of water. (iv) Sublimation of camphor (crystals).
(a) (i) and (ii) (b) (ii) and (iii) (c) (i) and (iv) (d) (iii) and (iv)
9. Three beakers labelled as A, B and C each containing 25 mL of water were taken. A
small amount of NaOH, anhydrous CuSO4 and NaCl were added to the beakers A,
B and C respectively. It was observed that there was an increase in the temperature
of the solutions contained in beakers A and B, whereas in case of beaker C, the
temperature of the solution falls. Which one of the following statement (s) is (are)
correct?
(i) In beakers A and B, exothermic process has occurred.
(ii) In beakers A and B, endothermic process has occurred.
(iii) In beaker C exothermic process has occurred.
(iv) In beaker C endothermic process has occurred.
(a) (i) only (b) (ii) only (c) (i) and (iv) (d) (ii) and (iii)
10. A dilute ferrous sulphate solution was gradually added to the beaker containing
acidified permanganate solution. The light purple colour of the solution fades and
finally disappears.
Which of the following is the correct explanation for the observation?
(a) KMnO4 is an oxidising agent, it oxidises FeSO4
(b) FeSO4 acts as an oxidising agent and oxidises KMnO4
(c) The colour disappears due to dilution; no reaction is involved
(d) KMnO4 is an unstable compound and decomposes in presence of FeSO4 to a
colourless compound.
ANSWERS
1. (b) decomposition and redox. 2. (d) (A) and (B)
3. (d) Double displacement reaction 4. (d) (B), (C) and (D)
5. (d) Combustion of Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) 6. (c) (i) and (iii)

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 CBSE Science Question Bank Class 10
7. (c) Hint— The substance which oxidises the other substances in a chemical
reaction is known as an oxidising agent. Likewise, the substance which reduces the
other substance in a chemical reaction is known as reducing agent.
8. (a) (i) and (ii) 9. (c) (i) and (iv)
10. (a) KMnO4 is an oxidising agent, it oxidises FeSO4

ASSERTION AND REASONING

For the following questions, two statements are given - one labelled as Assertion (A)
and the other labelled as Reason (R). Select the correct answer to these questions
from the codes (a), (b), (c) and (d) as given below :
(a) Both (A) and (B) are true but (R) is correct explanation of the assertion.
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
(c) (A) is true but (R) is false.
(d) (A) is false but (R) is true.
1. Assertion (A) : A reaction in which a substance is decomposed into two or more simpler
products is known as a decomposition reaction. (2020)
Reason (R) : The decomposition of a substance is impossible without supplying
energy.
2. Assertion (A) : Fe(s) + CuSO4(aq) → FeSO4(aq) + Cu(s) is a double displacement
reaction.
Reason (R) : Two types of products are formed.
3. Assertion (A) : The balancing of chemical equations is based on law of
conservation of mass.
Reason (R) : Total mass of reactants is equal to total mass of products.
4. Assertion (A) : A chemical reaction become faster at higher temperature.
Reason (R) : A higher temperature, molecular motion becomes more rapid.
5. Assertion (A) : Calcium carbonate when heated gives calcium oxide and water.
Reason (R) : On heating calcium carbonate decomposition reaction takes place.
Ans. 1. (b) 2. (d) 3. (a) 4. (a) 5. (d)

"" SELF ASSESSMENT TEST

1. Write balanced chemical equations for the following reactions :

(a) dilute sulphuric acid reacts with aluminium powder.
(b) dilute hydrochloric acid reacts with sodium carbonate.
(c) carbon-di-oxide is passed through lime water. (2013)
2. Write balanced chemical equation for the following reactions:
(a) When copper is heated in air. (b) When Aluminium is heated in air.

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 Chemical Reactions and Equations
(c) Aluminium oxide reacts with sodium hydroxide. (2013)
3. Rama wanted her house to be whitewashed. She bought some quicklime from the
market and dissolved it in water in a big tub. She noticed that the container became
hot without any heating. Give reason for her observation with equation and name the
product formed. What happens when it is applied on the walls?
4. Explain the action of dilute hydrocholoric acid on the following with chemical equation:
(a) Magnesium ribbon (b) Sodium hydroxide (c) Crushed egg shells (2015)
5. State the kind of chemical reactions in the following examples:
(i) Digestion of food in stomach. (ii) Combustion of coal in air.
(iii) Heating of limestone. (2014)
6. 2 g of lead nitrate powder is taken in a boiling tube. The boiling tube is heated over a
flame. Now answer the following :
(a) State the colour of the fumes evolved and the residue left.
(b) Name the type of chemical reaction that has taken place stating its balanced
chemical equation. (2013, 2014)
7. A water insoluble calcium compound (A) on reacting with dil.H2SO4 released a
colourless and odourless gas (B) with brisk effervescence. When gas (B) is passed
through lime water, lime water turns milky and again formed compound A. Identify A
and B and write the chemical equations for the reactions involved. (2012, 2013)
8. (a) Give an example of a combination reaction which is also an exothermic reaction.
(b) Complete the following chemical equation and balance it.
C6H12O6 + O2 →
(c) Which two gases are evolved on heating ferrous sulphate. (2010, 2012, 2013)
9. Give reasons for the following :
(i) All decomposition reactions are endothermic reactions.
(ii) Colour of copper sulphate solution changes when an iron nail is dipped in it.
(iii) Respiration is an exothermic reaction. (2010, 2012)
10. What is meant by a precipitation reaction? Explain by giving an example. Also give
balanced chemical equation for the reaction stating the states of the reactions and the
products formed. (2010, 2012)



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