1.

How many o-bonds and r-bonds are present in

hesecond menmber of the alkene series? 8. Indicate the o- and n-bonds in the following
molecules.
2. What is the hybridisation of each carbon in CoH,, CoH,CH,C),, CH, =C=CH,,
H,C= C=CH,? NCERT Exemplar CH,NO,, HCONHCH,
4, Arrange the following in increasing order of NCERT
C-Cbond length :CzH_, GgH, C,Hz. 9. Write the state of hybridisation of central carbon
A What is the type of hybridisation of each carbon atom in the following compounds and shapes of
in the following compounds? each of the molecules.
(i) CH,CI (i) (CH,),Co
(ii) CH,CN (iv) HCONH, (i) CH,- -CH, (ii) (CH,),Ca
(v) CH,CH=CHCN (iii) HC= N
5. How many o- and r-bonds are present in each of 10. What are hybridisation states of each carbon
the following molecules? atom in the following compounds?
(i) CH,CH,C=N
CH, = C=0, CH,CH= CH,, (CH,), CO,
(i) CH,- CH-CH-CH,C=CH CH, = CHCN,C"H, NCERT
(ii) CH=C-CH,
11. Draw all polygon formula for the molecular
6. Expand each of the following bond line formula formula CçH10
to show all the atoms including carbon and
12. Identify the functional groups in the following
hydrogen. compounds.
CHO
OH (i)
CN (1) (iü)
OMe

(iii)
OH CH=CHNO2
NH2

7. For each of the following compounds, write a (iii)

condensed formula and also their bond-line
formula.
) HOCH,CH,CH,CH (CH,) CH (CH;)CH, OCH,CHzN(C2Hs)2
OH
13. What is the general molecular formula of
(ii) N=C-CHC=N NCERT saturated monohydric alcohols?
 1. What are primary and secondary suffixes as (ii) ÇH2=CH-COOH
applied to IUPAC nomenclature?
2. Give the IUPACname of the following compound
CH3 -CHC-CHCH, CH=CH2
Br
NO2
CH3 (iii) CH,-CH,-CO-ÇH,
3. Namne the compounds whose line formulae are
given below. CH,-COCI

NO2
(iv) CH,=CH-CH,-C-NH,
(1) (ii) 6. Write down the formulae of the first four
members of each homologous series beginning
with the following compounds.
4. Give condensed and bond line structural (1) CH,=CH, (iü) HCOOH
formulae and identify the functional group(s) (ii) CH,CoCH, (iv) CH,OH
present, if any, for (v) HC=CH
(i) 2,2,4-trimethylpentane 7. Give the common name of
(i) methanol (ii) ethanol
(i) 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid
(iüi) ethoxyethane (iv) ethanoic acid
(iüi) hexanedial. NCERT
(v) 1,4-dimethylbenzene.
5. Identify the functional groups present in the
following compounds. 8. Which of the following represents the correct
IUPAC name for the compounds concerned?
(1) OMe
(i)) 2,2-dimethylpentane or 2-dimethylpentane
(ii) 2,4,7-trimethyloctane or 2,5,7-trimethyloctane
(iüi) 2-choloro-4-methylpentane or
4-chloro-2-methylpentane
OH NH2 (iv) But -3-yn-1-ol or But-4-ol-1-yne NCERT
 9. Give the lUPAC names of the
following 13. Draw all position isomers of an alcohol with
compounds
molecular formula, CH,0.
14. Write structural formulae for compounds named
as
CN
(i) (i) (1) 1-bromoheptane
(ii) 5-bromoheptanoic acid
(iii) (iv)
15. Draw structure of all isomericethers having
Cl Br molecular formula CçH,0.
16. Compounds with same molecular formula but
(v) CI (vi) Cl,CHCH,0H differing in their structures are said to be
H
structural isomers. What type of structural
10. Give the IUPAC nomenclature of the isomerism is shown by
following CH-S-CH,-CH,-CH,
compounds.
(i) CH3-CH, CH,
and CHS-CH 2

H3C-H-CH2-CH2 CH3
ÇHg
17. Write structural formulae for all the isomeric
HC-C-CH-H-CHCH3 amines with molecular formula CH,N.
CH3 CH,CH3 18. An alkane has a molecular mass of 72. Draw all
(ii) its possible chain isomers and write their IUPAC
H3C CH, names.
H
CHg 19. Consider structures Ito Vland answer the
CH3-CH-CH, C-CH following questions (i) to (iv). NCERT Exemplar
CH CH3 I. CHg--CH,-CH,-CH,-OH
H,C CH, CH,
CzHs CHg II. CH,-CH, CH-CH, III. CH,-Ç-CH,
(iii) CH3-CH,-CH-H-CH-CH3 OH OH
11. The following organic compounds are popularly
known by their comnmon names IV. CH3--ÇH- -OH
()) neo-pentane (ii) Acetone CH,
(ii) Vinyl chloride (iv) tert-amyl alcohol V. CH,CH,-0-CH,-CH,
(v) iso-butyl bromide (vi) Allyl alcohol VI. CH,-0-CH-CH,CH,
(vii) Formaldehyde (viii) Glycerol VII. CH¡-0-ÇH-CH,
Write the structural formulas and IUPAC names. CH,
12. Give IUPAC names of the following structures. (i) Which of the above compounds form pairs
CI of metamers?
(ii) -OH (ii) Identify the pairs of compounds which are
OH
functional group isomers.
(iii) Identify the pairs of compounds that represent
Me position isomerism.
H OH
(iü) HO H
(iv) ldentify the pairsof compounds that represent
chain isomerism.
Me
 , Write the correct stability order for the following
carbocations. 13. Which of the two structures A and Bgiven
below is more stabilised by resonance.
(CH,),CCH,. (CH,),C.CH,CH, CH, Explain.
2. CH, =CH iis more basic than HC=C. Explain CH,COOH and CH,CO0 B
why? 14. How does (i) an Elcctron Withdrawing Group
2 ldentify the most stable species in the following (EWG) and (ii) an Electron Donating Group
set of ions giving reasons NCERT Exemplar (EDG) influence the acid strength of
carboxylic end?
() CH,.CH,Br, CHBr,, CBr3 15. What is the relationship between the members
() CH,.CH,CI, CHCI,.Ca, of following pairs of structures? Are they
structural or geometrical isomners or resonance
A. Which of the two :0,NCH,CH,0 or CH,CH,0 is contributors?
NCERT
expected to be more stable and why?
NCERT
()
5. Why is benzylic free radical more stable than
allylicfree radical? H D
6. Why does SOz act as an electrophile?
NCERT Exemplar
(iü)
H
-c D H H

7, Show the polarisation of carbon-magnesium *OH OH

bond in the following structure. NCERT Exemplar H-C*-OH
(iii) H-C-OH
CH,-CH,-CH,CH,-Mg-x
16. Name the type of organic reaction involved in
8. Which bond is more polar in the following pair of the following reaction.
molecules?
CH,CH,I +KOH(aq)’CH,CH,OH +KI
(i) H,CH or HzC-Br
(ii) H,C--NH, or H,C-OH 17. Classify the following reactions in one of the
reaction type studied in this unit.
(ii) H,C-OH or H,C-SH NCERT
CH,CH,SH + Br
(i) CH,CH,Br +HS
9. Give three points of differences between (CH,), CClCH3
inductive effect and resonance effect. (ii) (CH,),C = CH, +HCI
NCERT Exemplar (ii) CH,CH,Br +HO CH, =CH, +H,0 + Br
10. Which of the following compounds will not exist (iv) (CH,)% C-CH,OH +HBr
as resonance hybrid. Give reason for your NCERT
answer.
(CH,), CBrCH,CH, + H,0
NCERT Exemplar 18. Identify the reagents shown in bold in the
(1) CH,OH (ii) R-CONH, following equations as nucleophiles or
(ii) CH;CH CHCH,NH, electrophiles.
11. Draw the possible resonance structures for (i) CH,COOH +HO ’ CH,CO0 + H,0
CH,-0-CH, and predict which of the structures (ii) CH,COCH, +CN ’ (CH,), C(CN)(OH)
is more stable. Give reason for your answer.
(iii) CçHç +CH, CO ’ CoHsCOCH,
12. Explain why alkyl groups act as electron donors NCERT
when attached to a n-system? NCERT Exemplar