CCS367- Storage Technologies
Unit III
STORAGE NETWORKING TECHNOLOGIES AND
VIRTUALIZATION
Dr. A. Muthumari
Assistant Professor/CSE
Anna University Regional Campus Madurai
© 2007 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved.
Internet Protocol
Storage Area Networks (IP SAN)
Module 3.4
© 2007 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved.
IP Storage Area Networks
Upon completion of this module, you will be able to:
Describe the benefits of IP SAN
Describe IP convergence in the SAN and its implications
Describe and discuss the basic architecture of
– FCIP
– iFCP
– iSCSI
Explain potential applications of IP SAN technology
© 2007 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Internet Protocol Storage Area Networks (IP SAN) - 3
In this module
This module contains the following lessons:
IP SAN overview
IP SAN protocols
Applications of IP SAN
© 2007 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Internet Protocol Storage Area Networks (IP SAN) - 4
Lesson: IP SAN Overview
Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to:
Describe the benefits of IP SAN
Describe the IP convergence in the SAN and its
implications
List the three common IP SAN approaches
List the three deployment models (topologies) for IP SAN
© 2007 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Internet Protocol Storage Area Networks (IP SAN) - 5
Introduction
Traditional SAN technology is built around Fibre Channel
Servers Servers
Switch Switch
Storage Storage
= IP
Servers = FC Servers
IP technology is emerging as an alternative or
supplemental transport for storage traffic
© 2007 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Internet Protocol Storage Area Networks (IP SAN) - 6
Block Storage over IP – Protocol options
iSCSI
– SCSI over IP
➢ IP encapsulation done on host / IP FC
HBA(host bus adapter)
➢ Hardware-based gateway to Fibre IP IP
Channel storage
FCIP
– Fibre Channel-to-IP bridge / FC IP IP IP FC
tunnel (point
to point)
➢ Fibre Channel end points
iFCP FC/ IP/
IP FC
– IP as the inter-switch fabric IP
➢ Fibre Channel end points FC/ IP/
IP FC
© 2007 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Internet Protocol Storage Area Networks (IP SAN) - 7
IP Storage Approaches
FCIP iFCP iSCSI
Servers
FC FC
FCIP Router iFCP Switch
IP IP IP IP
Network Network Network Network
FCIP Router iFCPSwitch iSCSI/FC
Gateway
FC FC FC
Storage
© 2007 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Internet Protocol Storage Area Networks (IP SAN) - 8
IP Storage Deployment Models
= IP
= FC
Native
All Ethernet (No Fibre Channel)
iSCSI Protocol
Ethernet Switches & Routers
= IP
Bridging = FC
Servers - Ethernet Attached
Storage - FC Attached (SAN or DAS)
iSCSI Protocol
Extension
Servers & Storage - SAN Attached = IP
FCIP or iFCP Protocol = FC
SRDF
© 2007 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Internet Protocol Storage Area Networks (IP SAN) - 9
Market Drivers for SAN Internetworking
Fibre Channel SAN challenges
IP SAN enablers
Easy to leverage IP equipment and expertise to help
manage data in conjunction with Fibre Channel SANs
© 2007 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Internet Protocol Storage Area Networks (IP SAN) - 10
Benefits of IP SAN
Cost Effective
Extend the reach of a SAN
© 2007 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Internet Protocol Storage Area Networks (IP SAN) - 11
IP is Cost Effective
Most organizations already have IP networks and
familiarity with traditional network management
Leverages existing Fibre Channel applications
© 2007 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Internet Protocol Storage Area Networks (IP SAN) - 12
Extend the Reach of Your SAN
Standard Fibre Channel Distances
IP Extends Fibre Channel applications over
regional/global distances
At higher link speeds, IP can handle synchronous
applications
© 2007 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Internet Protocol Storage Area Networks (IP SAN) - 13
Lesson Summary
Topics in this lesson included:
Describe the benefits of IP SAN
Describe the IP convergence in the SAN and its
implications
List the three common IP SAN approaches
List the three deployment models (topologies) for IP SAN
© 2007 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Internet Protocol Storage Area Networks (IP SAN) - 14
Lesson: IP SAN Protocols
Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to:
Describe and discuss the basic architecture of
– FCIP
– iFCP
– iSCSI
© 2007 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Internet Protocol Storage Area Networks (IP SAN) - 15
Fibre Channel over IP - FCIP
Encapsulates FC frames in IP packets
Creates virtual FC links that connect devices and fabric
elements
Includes security, data integrity, congestion and
performance specifications
Fibre Channel Frame
CRC
SOF
EOF
FC
Header SCSI Data
FCIP Encapsulation
IP TCP FCIP
Header Header Header IP Payload
IP Datagram
© 2007 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Internet Protocol Storage Area Networks (IP SAN) - 16
FCIP Benefits
FCIP
– Best of both technologies
Fibre Channel IP
• Widely available • Widely available
• Low latency • Accepted technology
• High reliability • Trained user base
• Off-the-shelf solutions • Affordable
• Mature standards • Mature standards
– Support for existing applications
– Cost effective
– Multi-point networking
© 2007 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Internet Protocol Storage Area Networks (IP SAN) - 17
Internet Fibre Channel Protocol - iFCP
Gateway-to-gateway protocol
– IP switches & routers replace FC switches
– Transparent to FC drivers
FC transport uses TCP connections
– Point-to-multipoint networking possible
Fibre Channel Frame
CRC
SOF
EOF
FC
Header SCSI Data
iFCP Address Translation &
Encapsulation
IP TCP iFCP
Header Header Header IP Payload
© 2007 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Internet Protocol Storage Area Networks (IP SAN) - 18
iFCP Benefits
Works with wide range of devices
Flexible
Less potential bottlenecking vs. FCIP
© 2007 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Internet Protocol Storage Area Networks (IP SAN) - 19
iFCP Maps FCP to an IP Fabric
FC Loop Disks
FC Tape Library FC Server
iFCP Gateway iFCP Gateway
IP Network
iFCP Gateway iFCP Gateway
FC Switch
Device-to-device
session
© 2007 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Internet Protocol Storage Area Networks (IP SAN) - 20
iFCP
Servers Servers
Gateway Gateway
Switch
Switch
SAN A SAN B
The two fabrics
remain separate
Storage Storage
© 2007 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Internet Protocol Storage Area Networks (IP SAN) - 21
iSCSI
A method to transfer blocks of data using the TCP/IP
network
Serialized service delivery subsystem
SCSI protocol over IP
© 2007 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Internet Protocol Storage Area Networks (IP SAN) - 22
iSCSI Model Layers
Storage
SCSI Data
SCSI encapsulation
IP TCP iSCSI
Header Header Header IP Payload
IP Datagram
© 2007 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Internet Protocol Storage Area Networks (IP SAN) - 23
iSCSI Storage Models
Native
Switch
Bridging
Storage
Gateway
Servers
= IP
= FC
© 2007 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Internet Protocol Storage Area Networks (IP SAN) - 24
Controlling IP SANS
A
iSNS Target Z
B
Target Z - Device A – Initiator A
Target Z - Device B – Initiator B
Target Z - Device C – Initiator C
IP Network
C
Initiator A
Initiator C
Initiator B
© 2007 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Internet Protocol Storage Area Networks (IP SAN) - 25
Internet Storage Name Server Overview
iSNS is a client/server model
The iSNS server is passive
iSNS clients register & manipulate the objects in the iSNS
server
An iSNS server can be hosted on a target, initiator, or
stand-alone server with a specified IP address
© 2007 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Internet Protocol Storage Area Networks (IP SAN) - 26
iSCSI Nodes
A single Initiator or Target
Names are assigned to all Nodes
Independent of address
© 2007 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Internet Protocol Storage Area Networks (IP SAN) - 27
Lesson Summary
Topics in this lesson included:
The basic architecture of FCIP
The basic architecture of iFCP
The basic architecture of iSCSI
© 2007 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Internet Protocol Storage Area Networks (IP SAN) - 28
Lesson: IP SAN Applications
Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to:
Describe common applications of IP SAN technology
such as:
– Remote Backup and Restore
– Remote Data Replication
– Storage Consolidation
© 2007 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Internet Protocol Storage Area Networks (IP SAN) - 29
Remote Backup and Restore
Server Disks
Servers
FC
FC
IP Network
Storage
Disks FC
Server
Disks
© 2007 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Internet Protocol Storage Area Networks (IP SAN) - 30
Remote Data Replication
Disks
Server
Servers
FC
FC
IP Network
Storage
Disks FC
Disks
Server
© 2007 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Internet Protocol Storage Area Networks (IP SAN) - 31
Storage Consolidation/Dual Purpose IP Network
Disks Servers
Servers
Switch
Switch
Servers
Disks
IP Network
Disks
Switch
Switch
Disks
Disks
Disks
© 2007 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Internet Protocol Storage Area Networks (IP SAN) - 32
Lesson Summary
Topics in this lesson included:
Remote backup and restore
Remote data replication
Storage consolidation
© 2007 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Internet Protocol Storage Area Networks (IP SAN) - 33
Module Summary
Topics in this module included: :
The benefits of IP SAN
The IP convergence in the SAN and its implications
The basic architecture of FCIP
The basic architecture of iFCP
The basic architecture of iSCSI
Application of IP SAN technology
© 2007 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Internet Protocol Storage Area Networks (IP SAN) - 34
✓ Check Your Knowledge
What are the benefits of IP SAN?
What are the three common protocols for IP SAN?
What data storage application could benefit from an IP
SAN solution?
© 2007 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Internet Protocol Storage Area Networks (IP SAN) - 35
