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Chapter2 Prob9

The document discusses the relationship between the radius of the windpipe and the velocity of airflow during coughing, represented by the equation v = C (R - r)r^2. It identifies that the radius r that maximizes airflow velocity is r = (2/3)R, confirmed through the first and second derivative tests. The analysis concludes that this radius produces the largest airflow velocity during a cough.

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27 views1 page

Chapter2 Prob9

The document discusses the relationship between the radius of the windpipe and the velocity of airflow during coughing, represented by the equation v = C (R - r)r^2. It identifies that the radius r that maximizes airflow velocity is r = (2/3)R, confirmed through the first and second derivative tests. The analysis concludes that this radius produces the largest airflow velocity during a cough.

Uploaded by

skibidipapap
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

1

2.9 Coughing causes the windpipe in the throat to contract, forcing the flowing air to pass with increased
velocity. Suppose the velocity, v, of the flowing air during the cough is given by:
v = C ( R – r )r 2
where C is a constant, and R is the normal radius of the windpipe (i.e., when not coughing) which is also a
constant, and r is the variable radius of the windpipe during the cough. Find the radius of the windpipe that
produces the largest velocity of airflow during the cough.
Solution

Given v ( r ), the maximum (largest) or minimum value of v is found by setting dv


------ = 0 . Thus,
dr
dv 2
------ = C ( 2Rr – 3r ) = 0
dr
2
which is satisfied by r = 0 or r = --- R . Clearly r = 0 is non-physical because it represents the windpipe
3
2
being closed and there is no airflow. Thus, r = --- R makes v ( r ) maximum or minimum. The second deriv-
3
2
ative test determines whether or not v ⎛⎝ --- R⎞⎠ is maximum or minimum:
3
2
d v 2
-------2- = C ( 2R – 6r ) = C ⎛⎝ 2R – 6 ⎛⎝ --- R⎞⎠ ⎞⎠ = – 2CR < 0
dr 3
2
d v 2
Since -------2- < 0 , v ( r ) is concave down and v ⎛⎝ --- R⎞⎠ is maximum.
dr 3

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