Study Material

<CO1>: <22412>: <Java Programming>: <Basic Syntactical Constructs in Java >: <LO1b>: <Study Material>
<Yogita Jore> <01/02/2021> <Vijay Patil>

Key words Learning Objective: Diagram/ Picture

Object, compiled, Students should understand the features of java.
interpreted,
multithreading,
dynamic, distributed

Key Questions Concept Map

List the features of

java.
Ans:
 Simple
 Platform
Independent
 Architectural
Neutral
 Portable
 Multi-
Threading
 Distributed
 Networked
 Robust
 Dynamic
 Secured Explanation of Concept Key Definitions/
Java Features: Formulas
 High
Performance
Java is Compiled and Interpreted language:
 Interpreted Java is a two stage system: In a first stage java compiler translates source
 Object code into byte code instructions. Byte codes are not machine instructions.
Oriented In a second stage, Java interpreter generates machine code that can be The feature “Write-
directly executed by the machine. The two steps of compilation and once-run-anywhere”
interpretation allow for extensive code checking and improved security. (known as the Platform
independent) states
Why java is known that programs written
as Platform- on one platform can
Independent? run on any platform
Ans: provided the platform
must have the JVM.
A program or
technology is said to
be platform
independent if and Java is Platform-Independent and Portable language:
only if which can run The feature “Write-once-run-anywhere” (known as the Platform Everything in java is an
on all available independent) states that programs written on one platform can run on any
operating systems object.
platform provided the platform must have the JVM. Java programs can be
with respect to its
easily moved from one computer system to another, anywhere and
development and
compilation. anytime. Changes and upgrades in operating systems, processors and
(Platform represents system resources will not force any changes in Java programs. Due to this
O.S). reason Java has become a popular language for programming on Internet.
We can download a Java applet from remote computer onto our local
system via Internet and execute it locally.

Java is an Object Oriented Language:

Everything in java is an object. All program code and data reside within
objects and classes. Java comes with an extensive set of classes, arranged
in packages that can use in our programs by inheritance. As the languages
like Objective C, C++ fulfills the four characteristics (Inheritance,
Encapsulation, Polymorphism and Dynamic Binding) yet they are not fully
object oriented languages because they are structured as well as Object
Oriented Languages. But in case of java, it is a fully Object Oriented
Language because object is at the outer most level of data structure in
java. No stand-alone methods, constants, and variables are there in java.
Everything in java is object even the primitive data types can also be
converted into object by using the wrapper class.

Java is Robust and Secure language:

Java provides many safeguards to ensure reliable code. Java has the strong
memory allocation and automatic garbage collection mechanism. It
provides the powerful exception handling and type checking mechanism
as compared to other programming languages. Compiler checks the
program whether there are any errors and interpreter checks any run time
errors and makes the system secure from crash. All of the above features
make the java language robust.
With Java secure feature it enables to develop virus-free, tamper-free
systems used in internet. The absence of pointers in Java ensures that
programs cannot gain access to memory locations without proper
authorization. Authentication techniques are based on public-key
encryption.
Java is Distributed language: Multithreading means a
Java is designed for the distributed environment of the internet. The single program having
widely used protocols like HTTP and FTP are developed in java. Internet different threads
programmers can call functions on these protocols and can get access the executing
files from any remote machine on the internet rather than writing codes independently at the
on their local system. same time.

Java is Familiar, Simple and Small language:

Java is designed to be easy to learn. If you understand the basic concept of
OOP java would be easy to master. There are various features that make
the java as a simple language. Programs are easy to write and debug
because java does not use the pointers explicitly. It is much harder to
write the java programs that can crash the system but we cannot say
about the other programming languages. Java provides the bug free
system due to the strong memory management. It also has the automatic
memory allocation and deallocation system. It also eliminates operator
overloading and multiple inheritance. Java uses many Constructs of C and
C++ and therefore Java code "looks like a C++" code. Thus Java is
Simplified version of C++.

Java is Multithreaded and Interactive language:

Multithreading means a single program having different threads executing
independently at the same time. Java supports multithreaded programs.
Multiple threads execute instructions according to the program code in a
process or a program. Multithreading works the similar way as multiple
processes run on one computer. This design feature allows developers to
construct smoothly running interactive applications.

Java is High Performance language:

Interpretation of byte codes slowed performance in early versions, but
Key Take away from this LO:

Concept of all features provided by Java.