SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
LEARNING MODULE FOR PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT
ACADEMIC YEAR 2024-2025
BASIC DRIVES AND AFFECT
Psychologists often refer to basic human drives as those that are biologically related such as hunger
and thirst. Affect, on the other hand, is the various emotional experiences such as emotions, moods, and
affective traits.
Emotions are chemicals released in response to our interpretation of a specific trig-ger. It takes our
brains about 1/4 second to identify the trigger, and about another 1/4 second to produce the chemicals.
By the way, emotion chemicals are released throughout our bodies, not just in our brains, and they form
a kind of feedback loop between our brains & bodies. They last for about six seconds.
Feelings happen as we begin to integrate the emotion, to think about it, to “let it soak in.” In English, we
use “feel” for both physical and emotional sensation — we can say we physically feel cold, but we can
also emotionally feel cold. This is a clue to the meaning of “feeling,” it’s something we sense. Feelings
are more “cognitively saturated” as the emotion chemicals are processed in our brains & bodies.
Feelings are often fueled by a mix of emotions, and last for longer than emotions.
Moods are more generalized. They’re not tied to a specific incident, but a collection of inputs. Mood is
heavily influenced by several factors: the environment (weather, lighting, people around us), physiology
(what we’ve been eating, how we’ve been exercising, how healthy we are), and finally our mental state
(where we’re focusing attention and our current emotions). Moods can last minutes, hours, probably
even days.
ATTITUDES AND BEHAVIOR
Attitudes show how people think (cognitive aspect), feel (affective aspect) and tend to behave
(behavioral aspect) with regard to people or/and things. They may be negative or positive or indifferent.
When your believing, feeling and tending to behave toward an object, event, a person or a group of
people are optimistic, you have a positive attitude. When your believing, feeling and tending to behave
to-ward an object, event, a person or a group of people are pessimistic, you have a negative attitude.
Behavior is an activity or an action done. It occurs after the attitude. For example, Mr. A has a negative
attitude about union leaders. Hence, he declined a job offered by an organization which is highly un-
ionized (Behavior).
A rational individual attempts to be consistent between what he or she believes and what he or she
does. A rational person prefers consistency between his or her attitudes and his or her behavior. When
attitudes and behavior are consistent there is consonance. When there is a conflict or inconsistency between
attitudes and behavior there is a tension within the person. This tension is called cognitive dissonance.
Out of the two alternatives-either change the attitude or change the behavior for dissonance deduction,
behavior is more difficult to change for a person. Behavior is usually more difficult to change, particularly when
that behavior has been observed by others (it can’t be denied), was done voluntarily, and can’t be undone and
therefore people usually change their beliefs and feelings to reduce the inconsistency (McShane et al, 2008).
Reference:https://www.researchgate.net/post/What-is-the-difference-between-attitude-and-behaviour--any examples#:~:text=While
%20attitude%20involves%20mind's%20predisposition,look%20at%20these%20somewhat%20differently.
PERFORMANCE CHECK 1: SCENARIO ANALYSIS
For the past three nights, Therese has not been getting enough sleep from her usual eight hours
because of her forth-coming final exams. Today is the day of her final exams. She wakes up feeling frowsy and
with a headache. Her body feels like a ton, and she has to literally drag herself out of bed to get up and
prepare for school. She take a shower, dresses up quickly, bypasses and ignores her parents at the breakfast
table. Immediately, the family gets affected by Therese’s behavior. Christine is thinking her sister is having a
bad mood; she thinks Therese woke up on the wrong side of the bed, and therefore ignores her as well. Her
mom thinks she is uptight about the final exams, mentions about it, but was just given as tare by Therese who
mumbles that she is okay but just tense about the exams. Her dad simply looks at her, gives some comforting
words of support, and continues with his breakfast.
In school, all the noise and chatter, and the pressure of taking the finals so early in the morning agitated
Therese. She is not smiling today, which is very unlike her usual. Her temper is short, irritable, and she is
giving nasty looks at people who continue to annoy her. She goes her notes and book, tries to memorize some
phrases and concepts, but her throbbing headache makes it almost impossible to cram. She thought of taking
some pain reliever earlier, but decided a can of her favorite caffeine-laden carbonated cola drink would help,
but this is providing her very little relief. She slams the book and lays her head on the table. Therese feels
miserable. She feels unsure of herself and unhappy she is tense and nervous. Her seatmate stays away from
her, although her seatmate tries to strike up a conversation, Therese just moves her head in response.
However, deep inside, she knows what is affecting her and tries to put things under control. She starts to pray
silently, and when the bell rang, she raises her head and faces the day, and the final exams. Although still
feeling drowsy, she calms herself down and mentally prepares for what is up ahead.
INSTRUCTION:
1. Analyze the Scenario:
Break down the situation into the following parts:
o Trigger Event: What happened? (Briefly describe the situation.)
o Thoughts: What did you think at that moment? (What went through your mind?)
o Feelings: How did you feel? (Name the emotion or emotions.)
o Behavior: How did you respond? (What actions or behaviors resulted from your thoughts and
feelings?)
2. Reflection Question:
o If you were one of Therese’s classmates, how would you feel and how would you react to what
you are witnessing?
o Identify and explain the five aspects of a whole person in relation to the details of Therese’s
story.
o What is your conclusion?
Prepared by: Checked by:
VERONICA GLORIA V. GARCIA MARY QUEEN E. TUBO, LPT ELLEN MAE F. FRANCO, LPT S
Subject Teacher HUMSS Coordinator SHS Department Head
Recommending Approval:
JUNRIK SALUTA, LPT BLANCA A. SOMBILON, LPT
Academic Coordinator Assistant
Approved:
aHON. JULIO M. ESTOLLOSO, LPT, MPA
Principal
